Exosomes and microRNAs as mediators of the exercise by Haoyuan Li, Guifang Liu, Bing Wang, Mohammad Reza Momeni

“…The aim of this review is to summarize the effect of exercise on the function of miRNAs and exosomes.…”
Get full text

The Role of <i>Substance P</i> in Corneal Homeostasis by Jastrzębska-Miazga Irmina, Machna Bartosz, Wyględowska-Promieńska Dorota, Smędowski Adrian

“…SP, primarily signaling through the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R), influences corneal epithelial proliferation, barrier function, and wound healing by modulating cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. …”
Get full text

CSSA-YOLO: Cross-Scale Spatiotemporal Attention Network for Fine-Grained Behavior Recognition in Classroom Environments by Liuchen Zhou, Xiangpeng Liu, Xiqiang Guan, Yuhua Cheng

“…Finally, to further enhance the network’s ability to detect small targets and complex boundary behaviors, we utilize the WIoU loss function, which dynamically weights gradients to optimize the localization accuracy of occluded targets. …”
Get full text

Effects of mindfulness meditation on human impulsivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Eric W. Tsang, Junling Gao, Chi Ngai Lo, Nicholas T. Trapp, Aaron D. Boes, Hinhung Sik

“…Furthermore, MM appears to be a versatile cognitive strategy that is suitable for individuals of various ages and beneficial for addressing mental health issues influenced by impulse control, including aggression, addictions, and executive function impairments.…”
Get full text

The myeloid switch: immune drivers in atopic dermatitis — roles in pathogenesis and emerging therapeutic targeting by Erik Kupschke, Erik Kupschke, Mirjam Schenk, Mirjam Schenk

“…In addition, the review outlines emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating myeloid cell function or selectively targeting pro-inflammatory subsets. …”
Get full text

Effects of cecropin antimicrobial peptides on growth and intestinal health in growing male minks by Jian Chen, Xiaojun Yu, Guang Wang, Ziyi Jiang, Lingpeng Kong, Huanle Zhang, Lihua Wang

“…The 100 mg/kg CAD group displayed optimal immune enhancement and microbiota modulation, whereas the 200 mg/kg group achieved the best growth performance and intestinal function. …”
Get full text

LWSARDet: A Lightweight SAR Small Ship Target Detection Network Based on a Position–Morphology Matching Mechanism by Yuliang Zhao, Yang Du, Qiutong Wang, Changhe Li, Yan Miao, Tengfei Wang, Xiangyu Song

“…Furthermore, we propose a Position–Morphology Matching IoU loss function, P-MIoU, which integrates center distance constraints and morphological penalty mechanisms to more precisely capture the spatial and structural differences between predicted and ground truth bounding boxes. …”
Get full text

Light directs zebrafish period2 expression via conserved D and E boxes. by Gad Vatine, Daniela Vallone, Lior Appelbaum, Philipp Mracek, Zohar Ben-Moshe, Kajori Lahiri, Yoav Gothilf, Nicholas S Foulkes

“…The LRM contains E- and D-box elements that are critical for its function. While the E-box directs circadian clock regulation by mediating BMAL/CLOCK activity, the D-box confers light-driven expression. …”
Get full text

An efficient algorithm for pedestrian fall detection in various image degradation scenarios based on YOLOv8n by Jianhui Xun, Xuefeng Wang, Xiufang Wang, Xiaoliang Fan, Peishuai Yang, Zhifei Zhang

“…Additionally, the Cross Stage Partial Bottleneck with 2 Convolution Block (C2f) was optimized to reduce computational load and parameter count without compromising performance, while the Inner Extended Intersection over Union (Inner-EIoU) loss function was employed to improve bounding box regression accuracy and speed. …”
Get full text

Absence of microRNA-21 does not reduce muscular dystrophy in mouse models of LAMA2-CMD. by Bernardo Moreira Soares Oliveira, Madeleine Durbeej, Johan Holmberg

“…Mice displayed the same body weight, dystrophic muscles (with fibrosis) and impaired muscle function. These data indicate that miR-21 may not be involved in the development of fibrosis in LAMA2-CMD.…”
Get full text

Carbon Emission Reduction in Traffic Control: A Signal Timing Optimization Method Based on Rainbow DQN by Juan Lv, Zhaowei Wang, Jianxiao Ma

“…The algorithm uses Rainbow DQN as the core framework, incorporating vehicle position, speed, and acceleration information into the state space. The reward function simultaneously considers two objectives: reducing vehicle waiting times and minimizing carbon emissions, with the vehicle queue length as a weighted factor. …”
Get full text

Immunomodulatory potentials of Andrographis paniculata and Allium sativum in managing plasmodium infections by Wallen Atwijukire, Ebere Emilia Ayogu, Hope Onohuean

“…Findings indicate that A. paniculata and A. sativum modulate immune responses, suppress proinflammatory cytokines, activate Th1 cells, and enhance macrophage function, making them potential treatments for Plasmodium infections via the immunomodulatory pathway. …”
Get full text

VariGAN: Enhancing Image Style Transfer via UNet Generator, Depthwise Discriminator, and LPIPS Loss in Adversarial Learning Framework by Dawei Guan, Xinping Lin, Haoyi Zhang, Hang Zhou

“…The purpose of this research is to present <i>VariGAN</i>, a novel approach that incorporates three additional strategies to optimize GAN-based image style transfer: (1) Improving the quality of transferred images by utilizing an effective UNet generator network in conjunction with a context-related feature extraction module. (2) Optimizing the training process while reducing dependency on the generator through the use of a depthwise discriminator. (3) Introducing LPIPS loss to further refine the loss function and enhance the overall generation quality of the framework. …”
Get full text

DT-YOLO: An Improved Object Detection Algorithm for Key Components of Aircraft and Staff in Airport Scenes Based on YOLOv5 by Zhige He, Yuanqing He, Yang Lv

“…In addition, we utilized deformable convolutions in CNNs to extract features from multi-scale and deformed objects, further enhancing the model’s adaptability and detection accuracy. In terms of loss function design, we modified GIoULoss to address its discontinuities and instability in certain scenes, which effectively mitigated gradient explosion and improved the stability of the model. …”
Get full text

NMD-FusionNet: a multimodal fusion-based medical imaging-assisted diagnostic model for liver cancer by Qing Ye, Minghao Luo, Jing Zhou, Chunlei Cheng, Lin Peng, Jia Wu

“…The framework includes a three-stage pipeline: first, a refined non-local means filtering algorithm is employed for pre-screening, discarding over 80% of non-diagnostic images using adaptive thresholding; second, a multimodal image fusion method integrates multi-phase, multi-source liver cancer image data through multi-scale decomposition and precise fusion rules to reduce noise and motion artifacts; third, a dual-path DconnNet segmentation network is constructed, incorporating a directional excitation module in the encoder and a spatial awareness unit in the decoder, guided by a boundary-constrained loss function to enhance segmentation accuracy. …”
Get full text

Super-resolution for electron microscope scanning images of shale via spatial-spectral domain attention network by Junqi Chen, Lijuan Jia, Jinchuan Zhang, Yilong Feng

“…Ablation experiments further confirmed the effectiveness of the spatial blocks, channel attention, spectral blocks, and frequency loss function in the model. The SSDAN model showed remarkable capability in enhancing the resolution of shale gas reservoir images and restoring high-frequency information at pore edges, thereby validating its effectiveness in unconventional natural gas reservoir analyses.…”
Get full text

Vitronectin Destroyed Intestinal Epithelial Cell Differentiation through Activation of PDE4-Mediated Ferroptosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Wenxu Pan, Li Xiang, Xinhua Liang, Wenjun Du, Junhong Zhao, Song Zhang, Xuan Zhou, Lanlan Geng, Sitang Gong, Wanfu Xu

“…Vitronectin (VTN) has been reported to trigger cell pyroptosis to aggravate inflammation in our previous study. However, the function of VTN in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains to be addressed. …”
Get full text

A dynamic attention mechanism for road extraction from high-resolution remote sensing imagery using feature fusion by Haoming Bai, Chao Ren, Zhenzhong Huang, Yao Gu

“…The ablation experiments have also confirmed the effectiveness of the adopted loss function and fusion strategy. These fully indicate that RISENet performs remarkably well in road segmentation tasks across various datasets and exhibits considerable robustness.…”
Get full text

Central muscarinic cholinergic activation alters interaction between splenic dendritic cell and CD4+CD25- T cells in experimental colitis. by Peris Munyaka, Mohammad F Rabbi, Valentin A Pavlov, Kevin J Tracey, Ehsan Khafipour, Jean-Eric Ghia

“…The aim of this study was to investigate whether central activation of the CAP alters the function of dendritic cells (DCs) and sequential CD4+/CD25-T cell activation in the context of experimental colitis.…”
Get full text

Guilu erxian glue improves sperm quality in oligasthenospermia mice by promoting TDRP methylation and regulating the cAMP/PKA pathway by Congxu Zhu, Yingqiu Li, Lumei Liu, Jing Xie, Zongren Hu, Qinghu He, Wen Sheng

“…Abstract Oligoasthenozoospermia (OAS) is a common cause of male infertility, and Guilu Erxian Glue (GLEXG) is a traditional Chinese medicine known to improve male reproductive function. The role of GLEXG in OAS and its mechanism of action are not well understood. …”
Get full text