Regulation of working memory switches from striatal dopamine D2-receptor to D1-receptor neurons under high cognitive load. by Xing-Jun Chen, Fei Li, Xinyue Zhao, Long Chen, Jin Xue, Zhimo Yao, Zuobin Gan, Xiaoyue Lian, Zhenghao Liu, Luyao Tong, Qingshan Yan, Linan Qiu, Qin Wang, Jiang-Fan Chen, Zhihui Li

“…Working memory (WM) is a fundamental cognitive function crucial adaptive behavior. The intricate interplay between the frontal cortex and striatum in governing WM maintenance and updating remains a central question. …”
Get full text

Exposed conductor detection of 10 kV distribution line based on improved YOLOv8 by Qiwen JING, Sipeng HAO, Siyuan LI

“…For the loss function, distance intersection over union with normalized wasserstein distance is combined to increase focus on cases where targets are small or background interference exists in drone inspection photographs. …”
Get full text

Innovative immunotherapies and emerging treatments in type 1 diabetes management by Malek Zarei, Mohammad Abbas Sheikholeslami, Masoud Mozaffari, Yassar Mortada

“…., Anakinra and Etanercept), have shown potential in preserving beta cell function by modulating immune responses. Antigen-dependent strategies focus on inducing immune tolerance to specific beta cell antigens, with mixed results from clinical trials involving autoantigen vaccines like GAD65. …”
Get full text

SR-DETR: Target Detection in Maritime Rescue from UAV Imagery by Yuling Liu, Yan Wei

“…To improve localization precision, we develop a novel loss function for bounding box regression, named Focaler-GIoU, which performs particularly well when handling densely packed and small-scale objects. …”
Get full text

Effects of Breathing Exercises with Favorite Essential Oils on Regulating the Autonomic Nervous System During Nighttime in the Late Luteal Phase by Naoko Kouzuma, Tomomi Yamakawa

“…Aromatherapy has been reported to alleviate these symptoms and regulate autonomic nervous system function. However, many of them report transient responses in autonomic nervous system activity. …”
Get full text

AC-YOLO: A lightweight ship detection model for SAR images based on YOLO11. by Rui He, Dezhi Han, Xiang Shen, Bing Han, Zhongdai Wu, Xiaohu Huang

“…Furthermore, we propose an optimized bounding box regression loss function, the Minimum Point Distance Intersection over the Union (MPDIoU), which establishes multi-dimensional geometric metrics to accurately characterize discrepancies in overlap area, center distance, and scale variation between predicted and ground truth boxes. …”
Get full text

YOLOv8n-SMMP: A Lightweight YOLO Forest Fire Detection Model by Nianzu Zhou, Demin Gao, Zhengli Zhu

“…Key innovations include the following: introducing the SlimNeck solution to streamline the neck network by replacing conventional convolutions with Group Shuffling Convolution (GSConv) and substituting the Cross-convolution with 2 filters (C2f) module with the lightweight VoV-based Group Shuffling Cross-Stage Partial Network (VoV-GSCSP) feature extraction module; integrating the Multi-dimensional Collaborative Attention (MCA) mechanism between the neck and head networks to enhance focus on fire-related regions; adopting the Minimum Point Distance Intersection over Union (MPDIoU) loss function to optimize bounding box regression during training; and implementing selective channel pruning tailored to the modified network architecture. …”
Get full text

Improving Circulating Tumor Cell Detection Using Image Synthesis and Transformer Models in Cancer Diagnostics by Shuang Liang, Xue Bai, Yu Gu

“…To effectively utilize both generated and real data, we introduce an improved loss function that includes a regularization term to ensure consistency across different data distributions. …”
Get full text

Deep learning-enhanced signal detection for communication systems. by Yang Liu, Peng Liu, Yu Shi, Xue Hao

“…The system adopts a Multi-DNN method with a dual-DNN cascade structure and mixed activation function design to optimize the channel estimation and signal detection coordination process of the MIMO part. …”
Get full text

A study on the detection of conductor quantity in cable cores based on YOLO-cable by Xiaoguang Xu, Jiale Ding, Qi’an Ding, Qikai Wang, Yi Xun

“…Specifically, the Focal loss function is introduced, the C2F structure in the backbone is optimized, the Focal NeXt module is added, and a multi-scale feature (MSF) module is incorporated in the Neck section. …”
Get full text

Sportmedizin im Wandel by Ketelhut SR, Ketelhut S, Riedel S, Willich S, Meyer-Sabellek W, Müssig K, 5, 6, Ketelhut K

“…Therefore, exercise time in children should be increased as early as possible to positively influence cardiac autonomic function and potentially reduce cardiovascular morbidity in later life.KEY WORDS: Heart Rate Variability, Autonomic Modulation, Exercise Intervention, Elementary School Children…”
Get full text

Role of Defective Interfering Particles in Complement-Mediated Lysis of Parainfluenza Virus-Infected Cells by Jenna R. Aquino, Candace R. Fox, Griffith D. Parks

“…Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized function of DVGs in modulating C′ pathways, shedding light on their potential role in viral persistence and immune evasion.…”
Get full text

Deciphering the cellular and molecular landscape of cervical cancer progression through single-cell and spatial transcriptomics by Peng Xia, Juanhong Zhou, Rong Shen, Degui Wang

“…This interaction contributes to an immunosuppressive microenvironment through modulation of T cell function and promotion of tumor cell survival. …”
Get full text

Sim1 is a novel regulator in the differentiation of mouse dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons. by Nadja Osterberg, Michael Wiehle, Oliver Oehlke, Stefanie Heidrich, Cheng Xu, Chen-Ming Fan, Kerstin Krieglstein, Eleni Roussa

“…<h4>Methodology</h4>We investigated the impact of the transcription factor Sim1 in the differentiation of mDA and rostral 5-HT neurons in vivo using Sim1-/- mouse embryos and newborn pups, and in vitro by gain- and loss-of-function approaches.<h4>Principal findings</h4>We show a selective significant reduction in the number of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) 5-HT neurons in Sim1-/- newborn mice. …”
Get full text

Mechanism of Action of Exercise in Regulating Spontaneous Hypertension through the Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Signaling Pathway by Yu Li, Xiaoju Song, Lianjing Dai, Yangyi Wang, Qiong Luo, Lei Lei, Yunfei Pu

“…Exercise reduced SHR cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and collagen deposition index, improved cardiac function, and decreased inflammation and oxidative stress. …”
Get full text

Efficient vision transformers with edge enhancement for robust small target detection in drone-based remote sensing by Xuguang Zhu, Zhizhao Zhang

“…Combined with an Inner Generalized Intersection-over-Union (Inner-GIoU) loss function to optimize bounding box geometric consistency, MLD-DETR achieves 36.7% AP50% and 14.5% APs on the VisDrone2019 dataset, outperforming the baseline RT-DETR by 3.2% and 1.8% in accuracy while achieving 20% parameter reduction and maintaining computational efficiency suitable for UAV platforms equipped with modern edge computing hardware. …”
Get full text

BOS-318 treatment enhances elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor-mediated improvements in airway hydration and mucociliary transport by Lisa E.J. Douglas, James A. Reihill, S. Lorraine Martin

“…Background Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) triple modulator therapy, elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ETI) has transformed care for people with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have eligible mutations. …”
Get full text

Cardiac Glycosides: From Natural Defense Molecules to Emerging Therapeutic Agents by Arturo Ponce, Catalina Flores-Maldonado, Ruben G. Contreras

“…In the nervous system, CGs modulate neuroinflammation, support synaptic plasticity, and improve cognitive function in models of Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis. …”
Get full text

YOLOv8n-DDSW: an efficient fish target detection network for dense underwater scenes by Jinwang Yi, Wei Han, Fangfei Lai

“…Therefore, the YOLOv8n-DDSW fish target detection algorithm was proposed in this article to resolve the detection difficulties resulting from fish occlusion, deformation and detail loss in complex intensive aquaculture scenarios. (1) The C2f-deformable convolutional network (DCN) module is proposed to take the place of the C2f module in the YOLOv8n backbone to raise the detection accuracy of irregular fish targets. (2) The dual-pooling squeeze-and-excitation (DPSE) attention mechanism is put forward and integrated into the YOLOv8n neck network to reinforce the features of the visible parts of the occluded fish target. (3) Small detection is introduced to make the network more capable of sensing small targets and improving recall. (4) Wise intersection over union (IOU) rather than the original loss function is used for improving the bounding box regression performance of the network. …”
Get full text

Lightweight Detection of Train Underframe Bolts Based on SFCA-YOLOv8s by Zixiao Li, Jinjin Li, Chuanlong Zhang, Huajun Dong

“…By combining the C2f module with ScConv lightweight convolution and replacing the Bottleneck structure with the Faster_Block structure, the SFC2f module is designed for feature extraction to improve detection accuracy and speed. …”
Get full text