Intestinal-region-specific functions of AHR in intrinsic enteric neurons during infections by Zijia Sun, Yingsheng Wang, Shaorui Liu, Hui Li, Danyang He, Heping Xu

“…Together, our findings demonstrate the region-specific functions of AHR in neurons in response to infections.…”
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Dietary carbohydrates alter immune-modulatory functionalities and DNA inversions in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron by Noa Gal-Mandelbaum, Shaqed Carasso, Alon Kedem, Tamar Ziv, Roni Keshet-David, Roberto Abboud, Rawan Zaatry, Tal Gefen, Naama Geva-Zatorsky

“…Yet, their influences on bacterial functionality (e.g., immune-modulation activity) are mostly overlooked. …”
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Crop domestication and improvement reshape root traits and the structure and function of their associated microbiome by Xiaoming HE, Frank HOCHHOLDINGER, Xingping CHEN, Peng YU

“…Domestication and improvement reduced the genetic diversity of crops and reshaped their phenotypic traits and their associated microbiome structure and function. However, understanding of the genetic and physiological mechanisms how domestication and improvement modulated root function, microbiome assembly and even co-selective patterns remains largely elusive. …”
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Plasticity of GABAA Receptors during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: From Gene to Function by Valentina Licheri, Giuseppe Talani, Ashish A. Gorule, Maria Cristina Mostallino, Giovanni Biggio, Enrico Sanna

“…Marked fluctuations in both blood and brain concentration of neuroactive steroids strongly contribute to GABAA receptor function and plasticity. In this review, we listed several interesting results regarding the regulation and plasticity of GABAA receptor function during pregnancy and postpartum period in rats. …”
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The Immune Regulatory Functions of CD226 and Its Implications in Immune-Mediated Diseases by Keyan Liu, Yuanzhen Liu, Huabao Xiong, Zhaochen Ning

“…By engaging ligands CD155 and CD112, it orchestrates diverse signaling pathways that modulate T cell differentiation and effector functions while enhancing NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. …”
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Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 and its function in tumor development and metastasis by ZHANG Zongwen, FENG Li, FAN Zhisong

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Tighter bounds on the Gaussian Q-function based on wild horse optimization algorithm by Reza Etesami, Mohsen Madadi

“…The Gaussian Q-function (GQF) is widely used in various scientific and engineering fields, especially in telecommunications and wireless communication. …”
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Effects of Growth Hormone on Adult Human Gonads: Action on Reproduction and Sexual Function by Xin-Yi Zhou, Jia-Ni Ma, Ya-Yin Shen, Xue-Rui Xie, Wei Ren

“…For males, GH can improve the sensitivity of gonadotropins, contribute to testicular steroidogenesis, influence spermatogenesis possibly, and regulate erectile function. For females, GH can modulate ovarian steroidogenesis and ovarian angiogenesis, promote the development of ovarian cells, enhance the metabolism and proliferation of endometrial cells, and ameliorate female sexual function. …”
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In situ fully vectorial tomography and pupil function retrieval of tightly focused fields by Xin Liu, Shijie Tu, Yiwen Hu, Yifan Peng, Yubing Han, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu, Xiang Hao

“…In this article, we develop an in situ method for reconstructing the fully vectorial information of tightly focused fields in 3D space, while simultaneously retrieving the pupil functions. Our approach encodes these fields using phase-modulated focusing and polarization-split detection, followed by decoding through an algorithm based on least-sampling matrix-based Fourier transform and analytically derived gradient. …”
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Loss of CFHR5 function reduces the risk for age-related macular degeneration by Mary Pat Reeve, Stephanie Loomis, Eija Nissilä, Thomas W. Soare, Tobias Rausch, Zhili Zheng, Pietro DELLA BRIOTTA PAROLO, Daniel Ben-Isvy, Elias Aho, Emilia Cesetti, Yoko Okunuki, Helen McLaughlin, Johanna Mäkelä, FinnGen, Mitja Kurki, Michael E. Talkowski, Jan O. Korbel, Kip Connor, Seppo Meri, Mark J. Daly, Heiko Runz

“…We show that beyond CFH, two of these are explained by Finn-enriched frameshift and missense variants in the CFH modulator CFHR5. We demonstrate through a FinnGen sample recall study that CFHR5 variant carriers exhibit dose-dependent reductions in serum levels of the CFHR5 gene product FHR-5 and two functionally related proteins at the locus. …”
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Gut microbial ecology and function of a Pakistani cohort with Iron deficiency Anemia by Hajra Khurshid, Muhammad Bilal Jamshaid, Zahra Salahuudin, Kashaf Sibtain, Iqra Fayyaz, Aqsa Ameer, Caroline Kerbiriou, Shona Mckirdy, Sobia Nawaz Malik, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Zobia Noreen, Sundus Javed, Aafia Tariq, Umer Zeeshan Ijaz, Aamira Tariq

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Novel Insight into the Multiple Biological Characteristics of Polyamines in the Gut: From Structure to Function by Xinyi Yu, Shuzi Xin, Xiaohui Liu, Luming Pan, Weikai Shi, Yize Li, Hongli Wang, Xin Lu, Han Gao, Jingdong Xu

“…The role of polyamines in the normal function of activated T cells is well-established, and they are particularly important in antitumor immunity by modulating immune cell functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). …”
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Hydroxycinnamic acid amides in rice: biosynthesis, distribution, function, and implication for crop development by Rongrong Xue, Ning Gao, Jing Chen, Zicha Wu, Na Sun, Ying Li, Miuhua Gong, Rensen Zeng, Rensen Zeng, Yuanyuan Song, Yuanyuan Song, Dongmei Chen, Dongmei Chen, Jie Wang, Jie Wang, Jie Wang

“…Hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAAs) are a widely distributed class of phenylpropanoid-derived phytoalexins with diverse biological functions. Increasing evidence highlights their pivotal roles in both abiotic and biotic stress responses, as well as in the modulation of plant growth and development. …”
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Convolutional neural network model over encrypted data based on functional encryption by Chen WANG, Jiarun LI, Jian XU

“…Currently, homomorphic encryption, secure multi-party computation, and other encryption schemes are used to protect the privacy of sensitive data in outsourced convolutional neural network (CNN) models.However, the computational and communication overhead caused by the above schemes would reduce system efficiency.Based on the low cost of functional encryption, a new convolutional neural network model over encrypted data was constructed using functional encryption.Firstly, two algorithms based on functional encryption were designed, including inner product functional encryption and basic operation functional encryption algorithms to implement basic operations such as inner product, multiplication, and subtraction over encrypted data, reducing computational and communication costs.Secondly, a secure convolutional computation protocol and a secure loss optimization protocol were designed for each of these basic operations, which achieved ciphertext forward propagation in the convolutional layer and ciphertext backward propagation in the output layer.Finally, a secure training and classification method for the model was provided by the above secure protocols in a module-composable way, which could simultaneously protect the confidentiality of user data as well as data labels.Theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the proposed model can achieve CNN training and classification over encrypted data while ensuring accuracy and security.…”
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Dynamic energy conversion in protein catalysis: From brownian motion to enzymatic function by Sarfaraz K. Niazi

“…Recent advances in computational biology and experimental techniques reveal that enzymatic catalysis fundamentally depends on proteins' ability to harness thermal energy through conformational fluctuations. Rather than functioning as rigid molecular locks, proteins operate as dynamic machines that continuously sample different structural states, with α-helices and β-sheets acting as sophisticated energy transduction elements that capture Brownian motion and channel it toward productive chemical transformations. …”
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Comprehensive functional profiling of yeasts: gastrointestinal resistance, metabolic capacities, and psychobiotic potential by Amir Shazad, Ali Zein Alabiden Tlais, Claudia Cappello, Sara Casagrande Bacchiocchi, Pasquale Filannino, Marco Gobbetti, Raffaella Di Cagno

“…Phenomic analyses unveiled distinct metabolic fingerprints, with each strain demonstrating unique carbon and nitrogen utilization profiles, indicative of specialized functional pathways. Notably, W. anomalus significantly outperformed others in the production of short-chain fatty acids and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), key metabolites linked to gut-brain axis modulation. …”
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Switchable Tri-Functional Terahertz Metamaterial Integrated with Vanadium Dioxide and Photosensitive Silicon by Gui Jin, Ying Zhu, Haorui Yang, Bin Tang

“…This work presents a theoretical and numerical investigation of a switchable tri-functional terahertz metamaterial incorporating vanadium dioxide (VO₂) and photosensitive silicon. …”
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Structural and functional characterization of a porcine intestinal microbial ecosystem developed in vitro by LinShu Liu, Jenni A. Firrman, Adrienne B. Narrowe, Karley K. Mahalak, Johanna M. S. Lemons, Massimo Marzorati, Cindy Duysburgh, Chloë Rotsaert, Tom Van de Wiele

“…Environmental selection and bacterial functional redundancy were considered the two key elements in microbial compositional shifts and functional preservation.…”
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Pericyte pannexin1 controls cerebral capillary diameter and supports memory function by Sandra Mai-Morente, Eugenia Isasi, Alberto Rafael, Gonzalo Budelli, Silvia Olivera-Bravo, Nathalia Vitureira, Verónica Abudara

“…Abstract In the blood-brain-barrier, contractile pericytes fine-tune the capillary resistance and blood supply to meet neuro-metabolic demands; molecular players governing these functions remain unclear. Here we show that mice cerebral pericytes express functional pannexin1 (Panx1) channels, which drive efflux of ATP, a key activator of pericyte contractility. …”
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Pleiotropic regulatory function of the RNA chaperone Hfq in the Pseudomonas protegens FD6 by Deyu Wen, Jieyu Hu, Ziying Gao, Chenglin Xing, Yao Xiao, Tao Wu, Xiaogang Wu, Qingxia Zhang

“…Additionally, mutation of hfq abolished the function of the type VI secretion system (T6SS) due to a decrease in the expression of T6SS-related genes. …”
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