Loss of neuropeptidergic regulation of cholinergic transmission induces homeostatic compensation in muscle cells to preserve synaptic strength. by Jiajie Shao, Jana F Liewald, Wagner Steuer Costa, Christiane Ruse, Jens Gruber, Mohammad S Djamshedzad, Wulf Gebhardt, Alexander Gottschalk

“…Here, we assessed the role of neuropeptide signaling in the plasticity of NMJ function in Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that the CAPS (Ca2+-dependent activator protein for secretion) ortholog UNC-31, which regulates exocytosis of dense core vesicles, affects both pre- and post-synaptic functional properties, as well as NMJ-mediated locomotion. …”
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Altering the redox status of Chlamydia trachomatis directly impacts its developmental cycle progression by Vandana Singh, Scot P Ouellette

“…It differentiates between two functional and morphological forms: the elementary body (EB) and the reticulate body (RB). …”
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Aging through the lens of the gut microbiome: Challenges and therapeutic opportunities by Kanimozhi N V, Sukumar M

“…As individuals age, the gut microbiome undergoes significant compositional and functional changes, often leading to dysbiosis—an imbalance associated with increased inflammation, weakened immunity, and metabolic disorders. …”
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Eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: an ROS-centric view by Toshihiro Tomii, Gen Kano, Gen Kano

“…Central to our model is the regulatory function of eosinophil-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide, in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. …”
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MiR-425-5p intervenes in autoimmune myocarditis by regulating Treg cell differentiation through NRAS by Shan Zhou, Li Zhang, Xiuyun Duan, Keyu Liu, You Yingnan, Mengjie Ma, Bo Han

“…Single-cell data analysis of cardiac immune cells revealed that miR-425a-5p promoted Treg cell differentiation and improved cardiac function.ConclusionMiR-425a-5p plays a crucial role in modulating inflammatory responses in myocarditis, potentially offering a novel therapeutic strategy for managing the disease.…”
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Chelate compounds and their use for correction of trace element deficiencies in livestock (review) by A. G. Koshchaev, N. E. Gorkovenko, A. V. Kosykh, D. V. Antipova

“…In addition to their main function, i.e. replenishing the trace element deficiency, chelate compounds increase the enzymatic activity, the functional activity of the immune system, and are also able to enhance the absorption of other trace elements, showing a synergistic effect. …”
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A unified model of heading and path perception in primate MSTd. by Oliver W Layton, N Andrew Browning

“…No existing theory of curved path perception explains the neural mechanisms by which humans accurately assess path and no functional role for spiral-tuned cells has yet been proposed. …”
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ARF6 mediates nephrin tyrosine phosphorylation-induced podocyte cellular dynamics. by Jamie S Lin, Jin Seok Jeon, Qingfeng Fan, Hetty N Wong, Matthew B Palmer, Lawrence B Holzman

“…We found that ARF6 expression was enriched in human podocytes and that it modulated podocyte cytoskeletal dynamics through a functional interaction with nephrin, an intercellular junction protein necessary for podocyte injury-induced signaling requiring activation by tyrosine phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. …”
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Type I IFN Signaling Is Dispensable during Secondary Viral Infection. by Martin P Hosking, Claudia T Flynn, J Lindsay Whitton

“…Consequently, second, these data underscore the importance of evaluating a gene's impact by modulating its expression or function in a temporally-controllable manner.…”
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Biochemical and biophysical characterization of Plasmodium falciparum glucose regulated protein 170 by Florence Lisa Muzenda, Melissa Louise Stofberg, Wendy Mthembu, Erick Strauss, Tawanda Zininga

“…Findings from this study provide the first direct evidence for the independent chaperone function of PfGrp170 and its sensitivity to structural modulation by nucleotides which could be targeted in antimalarial drug development strategies.…”
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Engineered disulfide reveals structural dynamics of locked SARS-CoV-2 spike. by Kun Qu, Qiuluan Chen, Katarzyna A Ciazynska, Banghui Liu, Xixi Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Yujie He, Jiali Guan, Jun He, Tian Liu, Xiaofei Zhang, Andrew P Carter, Xiaoli Xiong, John A G Briggs

“…The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been observed in three distinct pre-fusion conformations: locked, closed and open. Of these, the function of the locked conformation remains poorly understood. …”
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Combined exercise and Hawthorn protect against learning impairments and hippocampal damage from trimethyltin neurotoxicity in rat by Maryam Keshvari, Ali Heidarianpour, Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi

“…The superiority of the endurance and resistance training combination with hawthorn oral consumption than the unit implementation of these interventions was achieved in reducing the negative changes in the structure and the hippocampus function of neurotoxicity rats through increasing the neurotrophins levels and cholinergic modulation.…”
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Gut microbiota and atrial cardiomyopathy by Tingting Sun, Beibei Song, Bo Li

“…We focus on the pathophysiological aspects of atrial cardiomyopathy, the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on atrial structure and function, and therapeutic strategies exploring modulation of the microbiota for the treatment of atrial cardiomyopathy. …”
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P30 | NEW INSIGHT IN THE IN VITRO-GENERATION OF INSULIN-PRODUCING CELLS: VAV1 AS A REGULATOR OF PDX1 AND MIR-375 LEVELS DURING DIFFERENTIATION OF HIPSCS INTO Β-CELLS

“…Based on these findings, this study investigated the role of Vav1 in the differentiation of hiPSCs into IPCs, focusing on its involvement in modulating key molecules associated with βcell development and function. …”
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Revealing the complexity of a monogenic disease: rett syndrome exome sequencing. by Elisa Grillo, Caterina Lo Rizzo, Laura Bianciardi, Veronica Bizzarri, Margherita Baldassarri, Ottavia Spiga, Simone Furini, Claudio De Felice, Cinzia Signorini, Silvia Leoncini, Alessandra Pecorelli, Lucia Ciccoli, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Joussef Hayek, Ilaria Meloni, Francesca Ariani, Francesca Mari, Alessandra Renieri

“…Whole exome sequencing was used to analyze the functional portion of the genome of two pairs of sisters with Rett syndrome. …”
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Two polymorphisms facilitate differences in plasticity between two chicken major histocompatibility complex class I proteins. by Alistair Bailey, Andy van Hateren, Tim Elliott, Jörn M Werner

“…These observations are in correspondence with the experimentally observed functional differences of these molecules and suggest a mechanism for how modulation of MHC I plasticity by tapasin catalyses peptide selection allosterically.…”
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Unraveling exosome-mediated cancer therapy resistance: pathways and therapeutic challenges by Sandip Sonwane, Umesh Telrandhe, Nikhita Chambhare, Sunita Vaidya

“…The exosomal molecular content—proteins, miRNAs, and lncRNAs—allows exosomes to perform functions including drug efflux and detoxification, cell death pathway modulation, induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and suppression of the immune system. …”
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Analysing and modelling the impact of habitat fragmentation on species diversity: a macroecological perspective by Thomas Matthews

“…These patterns can be grouped under four broad headings: 1) species–area relationships (SAR), 2) nestedness, 3) species abundance distributions (SADs) and 4) species incidence functions (function of area). Overall, I found that there were few hard macroecological generalities that hold in all cases across habitat island systems. …”
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A combination of activation and repression by a colinear Hox code controls forelimb-restricted expression of Tbx5 and reveals Hox protein specificity. by Satoko Nishimoto, Carolina Minguillon, Sophie Wood, Malcolm P O Logan

“…While the importance of Hox genes in regulating embryonic development is clear, Hox targets and the ways in which each protein executes its specific function are not known. We reveal how nested Hox expression along the rostro-caudal axis restricts Tbx5 expression to forelimb. …”
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Distinct neural responses of ventromedial prefrontal cortex-projecting nucleus reuniens neurons during aversive memory extinction by Yuki Mochizuki, Asuka Joji-Nishino, Kazuo Emoto, Akira Uematsu

“…The limbic thalamus controls cognitive function in concert with interconnected cortical and limbic structures. …”
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