The brain-gut axis: communication mechanisms and the role of the microbiome as a neuroprotective factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases: A literature overview by mgr Natalia Białoń, dr hab. n. o zdr. Dariusz Górka, mgr Mikołaj Górka

“…The gut microbiota is extremely important in maintaining the body's homeostasis, shaping the human immune system and the proper functioning of the brain. The intestinal microflora affects the processes of neuroplasticity, synaptogenesis, and neuronal regeneration. …”
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ScreenSafeFuture: A parent-empathetic and pragmatic mhealth application for toddlers' brain development addressing screen-addiction challenges by Nafisa Anjum, Md. Mehedi Hasan, Syeda Umme Salma, Liang Zhao, Maria Valero de Clemente, Nazmus Sakib

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Krüppel‐like factor 4 transcription factor in blood–brain barrier endothelial cells: A potential role in Alzheimer's disease by Ziying Wei, Chunhua Liu, Jianyu Chen, Yuxiao Yao, Dajiang Qin

“…Preserving the integrity and functionality of the BBB is essential to protect the brain from amyloid‐β accumulation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal degeneration. …”
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Effects of Neonatal Lipopolysaccharide Injections at Various Developmental Stages on Long-term Behavioral Outcomes, Oxidative Stress, and Brain Histology in Rats by Zineb El Marzouki, Hasnaa Mallouk, Mouloud Lamtai, Amal Dimaoui, El hassan Ouanouche, Jihane Lakhlifi, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Aboubaker El Hessni

“…Disruptions, such as neonatal infections, can significantly alter brain structure and function, potentially contributing to the development of affective disorder-like behavior. …”
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Gut-brain axis in post-traumatic stress disorder: microbial - mediated mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches - A narrative review by Jiayue Pan, Jiayue Pan, Shuairong Lin, Shuairong Lin, Qiuling Qian, Shanni Fu, Xiaoliu Liu, Xiaoliu Liu

“…As a key pathway connecting the central nervous system to peripheral organs, the gut-brain axis has received increasing attention for its role in PTSD. …”
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Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish by Wang Lin, Ling Liao, Ling Ling, Huimin Luo, Ying Jiang, Xinru Li, Yilong Yao, Pinhong Yang

“…Alterations in brain histology, thyroid hormone (TH) levels, and the transcription levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis genes were used to assess the thyroid function. …”
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Zipper-interacting protein kinase mediates neuronal cell death and cognitive dysfunction in traumatic brain injury via regulating DEDD by Yingxue Mei, Fei She, Ling Zhang, Gamin Kim, Ruomeng Li, Xiuzhi Zheng, Zonghai Wang, Renxuan Chen, Long Wang, Dongmei Chen, Jungho Kim, Tao Zhang, Tae Ho Lee

“…Abstract Neuronal cell death is a causative process in traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced structural and functional impairment of the central nervous system. …”
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Neisseria meningitidis regulates P-glycoprotein transporter activity in brain endothelial cells via sphingosine 1–phosphate receptor 1 by Fatemeh Nosratabadi, Leo M. Endres, Fabian Schumacher, Heike Claus, Burkhard Kleuser, Brandon J. Kim, Alexandra Schubert-Unkmeir

“…Abstract Background The brain endothelial cells (BECs) are essential for protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from xenobiotics and pathogens, including Neisseria meningitidis, while maintaining CNS homeostasis through tight junction (TJ) proteins and specialized transporters. …”
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Cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence, pathogenetic mechanisms, the effect of antidiabetic drugs by Olga D. Ostroumova, Elena V. Surkova, Evgenia V. Chikh, Ekaterina V. Rebrova, Miron S. Borisov

“…This article presents an overview of modern literature, including the definition of cognitive functions, the modern classification of cognitive impairment, pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetes mellitus influence on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia (neurogenesis, integrity of the blood-brain barrier, systemic inflammatory reactions, hyper- and hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction of the microvasculature and increase in glucocorticosteroids). …”
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Cerebrovascular ageing: how zebrafish can contribute to solving the puzzle by Guy Malkinson, Guy Malkinson, Catarina M. Henriques, Catarina M. Henriques

“…Cerebrovascular ageing is therefore of particular importance as it links circulatory disease to brain functions, cognition, and behavior. Despite major progress in brain research and related technologies, little is known on how the cerebrovascular network changes its properties as ageing proceeds. …”
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Amelioration of gut dysbiosis-induced cognitive deterioration by repeated administration of human clostridium butyricum: targeting intestinal and blood–brain barrier by Dalia Azmy Elberry, Maha Gamal, Zeinab Gawish, Esraa A. Hegazy, Sara Adel Hosny, Laila Ahmed Rashed, Marwa Nagi Mehesen, Asmaa Mohammed ShamsEldeen

“…Also, a positive correlation was found between the F/B ratio and both brain beta-amyloid and Tau proteins. Conclusion Repeated intake of CB hindered systemic /neuroinflammation, enhanced the tight junction proteins’ expression in the gut/brain barrier, and improved cognitive functions.…”
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Decision-making in interhospital transfer of traumatic brain injury patients: exploring the perspectives of surgeons at general hospitals and neurosurgeons at neurotrauma centres by Mathias Cuevas-Østrem, Torben Wisborg, Olav Røise, Eirik Helseth, Elisabeth Jeppesen

“…The six main themes reflect surgeons’ and neurosurgeons’ decision-making process, which included clinical and system-level factors: (A) ‘Establish TBI severity: Glasgow Coma Scale score and head CT’, (B) ‘Preinjury health status: comorbidity, functioning, and age’, (C) ‘Distance from ACTH to NTC: distance is time and time is brain’, (D) ‘Uncertainty and insecurity’, (E) ‘Capacity at NTC’, and (F) ‘Next of kin involvement’. …”
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Multimodal Medical Image Fusion in NSST Domain in Coupled Neural Systems by Vella Satyanarayana, P. Mohanaiah

“…The research introduces an enhanced image fusion solution which unites Nonsubsampled Shearlet Transform (NSST) with Coupled Neural P (CNP) Systems to maximize the fusion results between MRI and PET brain images. …”
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Microglial colonization routes and their impacts on cellular diversity by Yuki Hattori

“…Once they reach the brain, microglia expand their population through proliferation during development. …”
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Photoperiod-Induced Neuroplasticity in the Circadian System by Alessandra Porcu, Malini Riddle, Davide Dulcis, David K. Welsh

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Neuron with well-designed ionic system by Takayoshi Tsubo

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High-dimensional mediation analysis reveals the mediating role of physical activity patterns in genetic pathways leading to AD-like brain atrophy by Hanxiang Xu, Shizhuo Mu, Jingxuan Bao, Christos Davatzikos, Haochang Shou, Li Shen

“…We use high-dimensional mediation analysis as an integrative framework to study the relationships among genetic factors, PA and AD-like brain atrophy quantified by spatial patterns of brain atrophy. …”
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Music interventions in 132 healthy older adults enhance cerebellar grey matter and auditory working memory, despite general brain atrophy by Damien Marie, Cécile A.H. Müller, Eckart Altenmüller, Dimitri Van De Ville, Kristin Jünemann, Daniel S. Scholz, Tillmann H.C. Krüger, Florian Worschech, Matthias Kliegel, Christopher Sinke, Clara E. James

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Butyric acid ameliorates PCOS-related reproductive dysfunction through gut-brain-ovary axis signaling and ovarian steroidogenic factor activation by Xueping Feng, Xueping Feng, Juan Xiao, Decai Wang, Xianzhao Fu, Jie Gao, Minli Jiang, Jin Li, Lihe Jiang, Xingwei Liang, Yanna Huang, Qinyang Jiang

“…Sodium butyrate (NaBu),a butyric acid substitute, has demonstrated therapeutic potential through gut-brain axis modulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and reproductive function protection. …”
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Longitudinal changes of blood-brain barrier and transcytolemmal water exchange permeability in Alzheimer's disease mice: A non-contrast MRI study by Chuhan Xiong, Ziyang Yu, Yu Yin, Qinfeng Zhu, Ruicheng Ba, Yao Shen, Haotian Li, Zhiliang Wei, Zixuan Lin, Dan Wu

“…Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been linked with the dysfunction of glymphatic system. Previous studies were primarily cross-sectional and focused on only one specific component, hindering the understanding of overall glymphatic function in AD. …”
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