Medical and legal significance of assessing the probability of brain death in patients after intraoperative cardiac arrest and successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation by V. L. Vinogradov, I. V. Pletyanova, K. K. Gubarev

“…After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation for intraoperative cardiac arrest, most patients die in the Intensive Care Unit from multiple organ failure, cardiovascular complications that develop after hypoxic-ischemic damage to the central nervous system. In some patients whose heart is still beating in conditions of mechanical ventilation, a complete and irreversible cessation of all brain functions may occur, that is, brain death.Objective. …”
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Genetic, psychological, and environmental factors are uniquely associated with onset of alcohol use in the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study by Maia Choi, Fazil Aliev, Peter B. Barr, Megan E. Cooke, Sally I. Kuo, Jessica E. Salvatore, Danielle M. Dick, Sarah J. Brislin

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Accurate and robust prediction of Amyloid-β brain deposition from plasma biomarkers and clinical information using machine learning by Jiayuan Xu, Andrew J. Doig, Sofia Michopoulou, Sofia Michopoulou, Petroula Proitsi, Petroula Proitsi, Fumie Costen, The Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative

“…BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) greatly affects the daily functioning and life quality of patients and is prevalent in the elderly population. …”
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Therapeutic Metaphors Enhance Memory Systems in Mental Health Contexts by Fei Yu, Zhijie Zhang, Wencai Zhang

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THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM AND ITS INVOLVEMENT IN PAIN CONTROL. A NEW INSIGHT INTO AN OLD SYSTEM by Daniela Pechlivanova, Dimo Angelov, Elena Dzhambazova

“…Accumulating data however enlarged scientific knowledge on the role of RAS in control of brain functions and modulation of pain susceptibility. …”
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Central nervous system and systemic inflammatory networks associated with acute neurological outcomes in COVID-19 by Nicole Lardini Freitas, João Victor Carvalho Deus, Karen Sampaio, Yago Côrtes Pinheiro Gomes, Rafael Carvalho Torres, Carlos Otávio Brandão, Cristiane Nascimento Soares, Marcus Tulius Teixeira Silva, Otávio Melo Espíndola

“…COVID-19 patients showed elevated serum IL-13, IL-18, TNF-α, VILIP-1, TGF-α, and VEGF levels, indicating systemic inflammation and potential blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption. β-NGF was increased in the CSF of patients with encephalopathy and IND, suggesting the activation of neuroprotective responses during patient recovery. …”
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Aberration correction in long GRIN lens-based microendoscopes for extended field-of-view two-photon imaging in deep brain regions by Andrea Sattin, Chiara Nardin, Simon Daste, Monica Moroni, Innem Reddy, Carlo Liberale, Stefano Panzeri, Alexander Fleischmann, Tommaso Fellin

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Significance of the gut tract in the therapeutic mechanisms of polydopamine for acute cerebral infarction: neuro-immune interaction through the gut-brain axis by Feng-Hua Xu, Feng-Hua Xu, Xiao Sun, Jun Zhu, Ling-Yang Kong, Yuan Chang, Ning Li, Wen-Xiang Hui, Cong-Peng Zhang, Yi-Ming Cheng, Yi-Ming Cheng, Wen-Xin Han, Zhi-Min Tian, Yan-Ning Qiao, Dong-feng Chen, Lei Liu, Lei Liu, Da-Yun Feng, Jing Han

“…Systemic immune responses, which are triggered by the disruption of gut barrier integrity, are considered as one of the mechanisms underlying acute ischemic stroke, with the gut-brain axis (GBA) playing a pivotal role in this process.MethodsIn this study, we used a PDA intervention in an ACI model to investigate ACI-like behavior, intestinal barrier function, central and peripheral inflammation, and hippocampal neuron excitability, thus aiming to elucidate the mechanisms through which PDA improves ACI via the GBA.ResultsOur findings indicated that as ACI mice experienced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier damage, the levels of proinflammatory factors in the serum and brain significantly increased. …”
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Photobiomodulation mitigates blood–brain barrier disruption in APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease by activating the AMPK pathway by Chunyan Ma, Yutong Ye, Xinyu Shi, Na Li, Zhiming Mu, Tao Tan, Huijuan Yin, Jianwu Dai, Yi Liu, Hongli Chen

“…Abstract Background Photobiomodulation (PBM), which utilizes specific light wavelengths to regulate cellular metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression, has emerged as a promising intervention for enhancing cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a critical role in protecting the central nervous system, and its dysfunction is a major contributor to AD pathogenesis. …”
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Slower Ageing of Cross-Frequency Coupling Mechanisms Across Resting-State Networks Is Associated with Better Cognitive Performance in the Picture Priming Task by Vasily A. Vakorin, Taha Liaqat, Hayyan Liaqat, Sam M. Doesburg, George Medvedev, Sylvain Moreno

“…Here, we propose an integrative framework that moves beyond single summary statistics by considering the full distribution of brain metrics across regions or time. We distinguish between a neural system’s “baseline” (typical values, e.g., mean) and its “capacity” (extreme values, e.g., maximum) within these distributions. …”
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Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance by Zachary E. Markow, Jason W. Trobaugh, Edward J. Richter, Kalyan Tripathy, Sean M. Rafferty, Alexandra M. Svoboda, Mariel L. Schroeder, Tracy M. Burns-Yocum, Karla M. Bergonzi, Mark A. Chevillet, Emily M. Mugler, Adam T. Eggebrecht, Joseph P. Culver

“…Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. …”
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Postulated Role of Vasoactive Neuropeptide-Related Immunopathology of the Blood Brain Barrier and Virchow-Robin Spaces in the Aetiology of Neurological-Related Conditions by D. R. Staines, E. W. Brenu, S. Marshall-Gradisnik

“…They have key roles in blood vessels in the central nervous system (CNS) including maintaining functional integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood spinal barrier (BSB). …”
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Gut–X axis by Xu Lin, Zuxiang Yu, Yang Liu, Changzhou Li, Hui Hu, Jia‐Chun Hu, Mian Liu, Qin Yang, Peng Gu, Jiaxin Li, Kutty Selva Nandakumar, Gaofei Hu, Qi Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Huihui Ma, Wenye Huang, Gaofeng Wang, Yan Wang, Liping Huang, Wenjuan Wu, Ning‐Ning Liu, Chenhong Zhang, Xingyin Liu, Leming Zheng, Peng Chen

“…Abstract Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and gut microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention on the contribution of the gut to the pathophysiological alterations of many extraintestinal organs, including the liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, and endocrine systems. …”
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Gut microbial dysbiosis exacerbates long-term cognitive impairments by promoting intestinal dysfunction and neuroinflammation following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia by Andi Chen, Chengqian Teng, Jianjie Wei, Xuyang Wu, Honghong Zhang, Pinzhong Chen, Dingliang Cai, Haitao Qian, Hui Zhu, Xiaochun Zheng, Xiaohui Chen

“…However, the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis on cognitive function following neonatal HIBD remains elusive. …”
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Transcranial vibration stimulation at 40 Hz induced neural activity and promoted the coupling of global brain activity and cerebrospinal fluid flow by Linghan Kong, Wei Jin, Yue Jiang, Fuhua Yan, Jun Liu, Eric C. Leuthardt, Guang-Zhong Yang, Yuan Feng

“…Additionally, this study investigates alterations in the global blood-oxygen-level-dependent (gBOLD) signal and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflow coupling, which serve as indicators of glymphatic system function. Methods: A custom-built head actuator was used to apply 40 Hz TVS to human brain. …”
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Treatment with hydrogen-rich water protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats through stabilizing liver–brain disturbance by Xujiao Wang, Xiao Liu, Peng Zhou, Jianguo Feng, Jing Jia, Bingqing Xie, Ye Chen, Jun Zhou

“…The results showed that hydrogen-rich water can improve the behavioral changes of the HE rats, reduce blood ammonia, reduce liver function damage, alleviate the pathological changes of liver and brain tissue, significantly inhibit the systemic and local oxidative stress and inflammation of the brain tissue of the HE rats, and reduce neuronal apoptosis. …”
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Dietary Strategies to Mitigate Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights into Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and Supplementation with Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis Cross-Talk by Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah, Hajar Fauzan Ahmad, Sheril June Ankasha, Suzana Makpol, Ikuo Tooyama

“…The changed gut microbiota affects brain function and behavior through several mechanisms, including tau phosphorylation and increased amyloid deposits, neuroinflammation, metabolic abnormalities, and persistent oxidative stress. …”
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Anti-Inflammation of Natural Components from Medicinal Plants at Low Concentrations in Brain via Inhibiting Neutrophil Infiltration after Stroke by Jiannan Chen, Xiangjian Zhang, Cong Zhang, Wenhui Wang, Rong Chen, Honglei Jiao, Linlin Li, Lan Zhang, Lili Cui

“…Thus, it is concluded that if drugs could achieve effective concentrations in the cerebral parenchyma, they can function via crippling resident microglia/astrocytes activation and inhibiting neutrophil infiltration, whereas the latter will be dominating when these drugs localize in the brain at a low concentration. …”
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The ReHand-BCI trial: a randomized controlled trial of a brain-computer interface for upper extremity stroke neurorehabilitation by Jessica Cantillo-Negrete, Martín Emiliano Rodríguez-García, Martín Emiliano Rodríguez-García, Paul Carrillo-Mora, Oscar Arias-Carrión, Oscar Arias-Carrión, Emmanuel Ortega-Robles, Emmanuel Ortega-Robles, Marlene A. Galicia-Alvarado, Raquel Valdés-Cristerna, Ana G. Ramirez-Nava, Claudia Hernandez-Arenas, Jimena Quinzaños-Fresnedo, Ma. del Refugio Pacheco-Gallegos, Norma Marín-Arriaga, Ruben I. Carino-Escobar

“…BackgroundBrain-computer interfaces (BCI) are a promising complementary therapy for stroke rehabilitation due to the close-loop feedback that can be provided with these systems, but more evidence is needed regarding their clinical and neuroplasticity effects.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was performed using the ReHand-BCI system that provides feedback with a robotic hand orthosis. …”
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Collateralization patterns of principal basolateral amygdala neurons delineate distinct output streams by Ian T. Kim, Icnelia Huerta-Ocampo, Osmalyn Urena, Ryo Yamamoto, Denis Paré

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