A new frontier in neuropharmacology: Recent progress in natural products research for blood–brain barrier crossing by Ureña-Vacas Isabel, Aznar de la Riera M. Belén, Serrano Dolores R, González-Burgos Elena

“…Neuropharmacology faces challenges due to the intricate nervous system, diverse neurological disorders, and existence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which hinder the development of effective treatments. …”
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Intranasal oxytocin modulates brain activity during emotional processing in children with treatment resistant conduct problems by Suzanne O’ Brien, Arjun Sethi, James Blair, John Tully, Daniel Martins, Hester Velthuis, Marija M. Petrinovic, Stephen Scott, Nigel Blackwood, Declan G.M. Murphy, Michael C. Craig

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Regulating environmental arsenic-mediated gut-brain toxicity using chitosan-conjugated luteolin gold nanoparticles by Ananya Banerjee, Suvadeep Mal, Partha Roy, Urmi Chatterji

“…Ingestion of arsenic, primarily through contaminated drinking water, severely disrupts the gut microbes, thereby inducing structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from arsenic-exposed mice to recipient healthy mice (As-FMT) enriched LPS-secreting Gram-negative bacteria and upregulated the expression of TLR4 in intestinal epithelial cells. …”
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fMRI study of brain activation associated with earnings management techniques in proximity to debt covenant violations by Hassan R. HassabElnaby, Ahmed Abdel-Maksoud, Amal Said, Andrew S. Cotton, Ashley Y. Wang, Haitham Elsamaloty

“…In addition, REM and CS were associated with more significant subcortical hippocampus regions for memory processing. REM activated the brain’s motor system for actions, but CS activated the basal ganglia for delayed reward processing. …”
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Neuroinflammatory Signaling and Immune Cell Infiltration Differ in Brains of Rats Exposed to Space Radiation and Social Isolation by Austin M. Adkins, Zachary N. M. Luyo, Alea F. Boden, Riley S. Heerbrandt, Richard A. Britten, Laurie L. Wellman, Larry D. Sanford

“…The synergistic effects of combined SI and SR on immune system functionality and the brain remain unknown. …”
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Positive resonance: Successful interpersonal emotion regulation facilitated relationship closeness by enhanced inter-brain synchronization by Tongtong Zhu, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Luyao Jin, Linzi Wang, Yanmei Wang

“…The present study aimed to explore whether successful IER, based on two typical strategies—cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES)—for down-regulating the target's negative emotions, could enhance IRC among friend dyads, and to identify the underlying neural correlates of this process using functional near-infrared spectroscopy system. Seventy-four female dyads (friends) were randomly assigned to one of two strategy groups (CR vs. …”
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Differential effects of short-term and long-term ketogenic diet on gene expression in the aging mouse brain by Matthew S. Stratton, José Alberto López-Domínguez, Alessandro Canella, Jon J. Ramsey, Gino A. Cortopassi

“…Studies in rodents indicate that in addition to extending lifespan, the ketogenic diet (KD) improves cognitive function in aged animals, yet long term adherence to KD in Humans is poor. …”
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Brain expression genome-wide association study (eGWAS) identifies human disease-associated variants. by Fanggeng Zou, High Seng Chai, Curtis S Younkin, Mariet Allen, Julia Crook, V Shane Pankratz, Minerva M Carrasquillo, Christopher N Rowley, Asha A Nair, Sumit Middha, Sooraj Maharjan, Thuy Nguyen, Li Ma, Kimberly G Malphrus, Ryan Palusak, Sarah Lincoln, Gina Bisceglio, Constantin Georgescu, Naomi Kouri, Christopher P Kolbert, Jin Jen, Jonathan L Haines, Richard Mayeux, Margaret A Pericak-Vance, Lindsay A Farrer, Gerard D Schellenberg, Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Ronald C Petersen, Neill R Graff-Radford, Dennis W Dickson, Steven G Younkin, Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner

“…The significant enrichment of brain cisSNPs among disease-associated variants advocates gene expression changes as a mechanism for many central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS diseases. …”
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Characteristics of psychosocial status in women with neuroimaging brain changes due to hiv infection and viral hepatitis C by E. V. Boeva, N. B. Khalezova, V. V. Rassokhin, N. G. Neznanov, E. A. Gromova, A. A. Bogdan, T. N. Trofimova, N. A. Belyakov

“…The purpose of the study: to give a comprehensive characteristic (clinical-immunological, psychosocial, psychopathological) of women with HIV / viral hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection, to determine the presence of structural and functional changes in the brain using neuroradiological research methods.   …”
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Ocular Manifestations, Visual Field Pattern, and Visual Field Test Performance in Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke by Yun Jeong Lee, Seung Chan Lee, Seo Young Wy, Hoo Young Lee, Hyang Lim Lee, Woo Hyung Lee, Byung-Mo Oh, Jin Wook Jeoung

“…Our findings suggest that accurate evaluation and rehabilitation of visual function should be a matter of greater concern and emphasis in the management of TBI and stroke patients, besides systemic diseases.…”
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An Updated and Comprehensive Review Exploring the Gut–Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Neurotraumas: Implications for Therapeutic Strategies by Ahmed Hasan, Sarah Adriana Scuderi, Anna Paola Capra, Domenico Giosa, Andrea Bonomo, Alessio Ardizzone, Emanuela Esposito

“…The gut–brain axis (GBA) refers to the biochemical bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, linking brain and gut functions. …”
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Optically Controlled Drug Delivery Through Microscale Brain–Machine Interfaces Using Integrated Upconverting Nanoparticles by Levente Víg, Anita Zátonyi, Bence Csernyus, Ágoston C. Horváth, Márton Bojtár, Péter Kele, Miklós Madarász, Balázs Rózsa, Péter Fürjes, Petra Hermann, Orsolya Hakkel, László Péter, Zoltán Fekete

“…Besides the chemical, mechanical, and optical characterization of the ready-to-use devices, the effect of nanoparticles on the original electrophysiological function is also evaluated. The results confirm that silicone-based brain–machine interfaces can be efficiently complemented with UCNPs to facilitate local model drug release.…”
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Revealing the Mechanisms That Contribute to Anger Expression Proneness in Patients with Brain Damage: The Importance of Executive Dysfunctions and Alexithymia by Ángel Romero-Martínez, Carolina Sarrate-Costa, Gabriel García-Pardo Sánchez-Barba, Lorena Vallejo Ortega, Sara López-Santamaría, Sara Burgos-López, Jéssica García, Luis Moya-Albiol

“…Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanisms that contribute to and/or facilitate anger expression in patients with brain damage. <b>Methods:</b> In this regard, the main objective of this study is to assess whether executive dysfunctions (assessed with the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale) would explain anger expression (measured with the Reactive and Proactive Aggression Questionnaire) in patients with brain damage (<i>n</i> = 23; mean age: 56.61 ± 10.68; 57% men) compared to controls (<i>n</i> = 24; mean age: 60.96 ± 9.25; 33% men), paying special attention to potential moderators of this association such as alexithymia (analyzed with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20) and anger rumination (assessed with the Anger Rumination Scale). …”
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Brain Structural Correlates of EEG Network Hyperexcitability, Symptom Severity, Attention, and Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder by Andrea Schlump, Bernd Feige, Swantje Matthies, Katharina von Zedtwitz, Isabelle Matteit, Thomas Lange, Kathrin Nickel, Katharina Domschke, Marco Reisert, Alexander Rau, Markus Heinrichs, Dominique Endres, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Simon Maier

“…In particular, intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity (IRDA/IRTA) has drawn attention in mental health contexts due to its links with metabolic imbalances, neuronal stress, and emotional dysregulation—processes that are highly pertinent to BPD. These functional disturbances may be reflected in corresponding structural brain changes. …”
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Preserving Early Neurovascular Responses: The Effect of tACS on the Hemodynamics in Stressed Individuals by M. N. Afzal Khan, Usman Tariq, Yara Badr, Sandra Mary Prasad, Hasan Al-Nashash

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Preliminary study on the time-correlation changes in brain neurotransmitters of mice exposed to mushroom toxin ibotenic acid by Ruanxian Dai, Ruanxian Dai, Zhantao Duan, Bin Han, Guobing Chen, Fuping Wang, Zhuange Shi, Xian Zhou, Haifei Song, Li Ma, Qiang Meng

“…BackgroundMushroom poisoning represents a significant food safety issue globally, particularly neurotoxic mushroom poisoning, which raises considerable concern due to its potential to induce central nervous system symptoms. Ibotenic acid is identified as the primary neurotoxin associated with this form of poisoning; however, the underlying mechanisms of its neurotoxicity remain poorly understood.ObjectiveThis study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of ibotenic acid exposure across three consecutive key time points, from intoxication to recovery, on neurotransmitters related to the GABA/Glutamic-Acid, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems in five brain regions: the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, brain stem, and cerebellum.MethodsThrough behavioral tests, we assessed the effects of ibotenic acid exposure on voluntary activities and learning and memory functions in mice. …”
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Unraveling the influence of astrocytes on endothelial cell transcription: Towards understanding blood-brain barrier in vitro models’ dynamics by Laura Nicoleti Zamproni, Begüm Gökçe, Justina Venckute Larsson, Angela Ceballos-Torres, Magnus Gram, Marimélia Aparecida Porcionatto, Anna Herland

“…Incorporating astrocytes into these models introduces an essential layer of complexity, allowing for a more comprehensive investigation of the cellular interactions and regulatory mechanisms that maintain BBB integrity and functionality. Despite these advances, the specific influence of astrocytes on endothelial cells in in vitro systems remains inadequately explored. …”
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Brain Activation Pattern Caused by Soft Rehabilitation Glove and Virtual Reality Scenes: A Pilot fNIRS Study by Pengju Liu, Xinyi Yang, Fenglin Han, Guangshuai Peng, Qiao Li, Liping Huang, Lizhen Wang, Yubo Fan

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Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship by Nicolò Interino, Rosalba Vitagliano, Federica D’Amico, Raffaele Lodi, Emanuele Porru, Silvia Turroni, Jessica Fiori

“…The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a complex bidirectional communication system that involves multiple interactions between intestinal functions and the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain. …”
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miR‐132 loss de‐represses ITPKB and aggravates amyloid and TAU pathology in Alzheimer's brain by Evgenia Salta, Annerieke Sierksma, Elke Vanden Eynden, Bart De Strooper

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