Implications of Solar Radiation Modification on Rainfall and Temperature Patterns over Eastern Africa by Alex Nimusiima, Godwin Ayesiga, Ronald Ingula Odongo, Catherine Mulinde, Lawrence Aribo, Moses Ojara, Bob Alex Ogwang

“…However, G6sulfur shows some inconsistent results, with some models predicting increased temperatures under SRM compared to SSPs, especially for SSP245, while other models predict reduced temperatures in the same period.…”
Get full text

Kinematic Adaptive Frame Recognition (KAFR): A Novel Framework for Video Segmentation via Frame Similarity and Surgical Tool Tracking by Huu Phong Nguyen, Shekhar Madhav Khairnar, Sofia Garces Palacios, Amr Al-Abbas, Melissa E. Hogg, Amer H. Zureikat, Patricio M. Polanco, Herbert J. Zeh, Ganesh Sankaranarayanan

“…Our approach follows these steps:1) Tracking phase: a YOLOv8 model is utilized to detect tools presented in the scene, 2) Similarity phase: Similarities between consecutive frames are computed by estimating variation in the spatial positions and velocities of the tools, 3) Classification phase: An X3D CNN is trained to classify segmentation. …”
Get full text

Investigating the Nonlinear Relationship Between the Built Environment and Urban Vitality Based on Multi-Source Data and Interpretable Machine Learning by Wenhao Liu, Zhen Yang, Chen Gui, Gen Li, Hongyi Xu

“…Additionally, we analyze the determinants of urban vitality across both micro and macro-scales using multi-source data, semantic segmentation models, and street view imagery. Our findings reveal the following key insights: (1) the distribution of urban vitality exhibits spatial heterogeneity within the main urban area of Shanghai, with high vitality areas concentrated in the Huangpu District and at intersections with neighboring districts, demonstrating a decline from the center to the periphery; (2) the XGBoost model outperforms other comparative models, showcasing superior capabilities in simulating and predicting urban vitality; (3) among the various built environment factors influencing urban vitality, building coverage, population density, and distance to the CBD exert the most significant effects, while the green view index and the number of bus stops contribute relatively less; (4) all built environment factors demonstrate nonlinear impacts and exhibit certain threshold effects on urban vitality. …”
Get full text

geodl: An R package for geospatial deep learning semantic segmentation using torch and terra. by Aaron E Maxwell, Sarah Farhadpour, Srinjoy Das, Yalin Yang

“…Common assessment metrics (i.e., overall accuracy, class-level recalls or producer's accuracies, class-level precisions or user's accuracies, and class-level F1-scores) are implemented along with a modified version of the unified focal loss framework, which allows for defining a variety of loss metrics using one consistent implementation and set of hyperparameters. Users can assess models using standard geospatial and remote sensing metrics and methods and use trained models to predict to large spatial extents. …”
Get full text

Dissecting cirrus clouds: navigating effects of turbulence on homogeneous ice formation by Bernd Kärcher, Fabian Hoffmann, Adam B. Sokol, Blaž Gasparini, Milena Corcos, Eric Jensen, Rachel Atlas, Aurélien Podglajen, Hugh Morrison, Albert Hertzog, Riwal Plougonven, Kamal Kant Chandrakhar, Wojciech W. Grabowski

“…Here we shed first light on how turbulent fluctuations in temperature and supersaturation interact with probabilistic homogeneous freezing. We show that spatial model resolution substantially below 1–10 m is needed to properly simulate homogeneous freezing events. …”
Get full text

Estimating structure of understory bamboo for giant panda habitat by developing an advanced vertical vegetation classification approach using UAS-LiDAR data by Xin Shen, Lin Cao, Yisheng Ma, Nicholas C. Coops, Evan R. Muise, Guibin Wang, Fuliang Cao

“…Three-dimensional understory bamboo point clouds were successfully isolated from the forest point cloud, then bamboo structure predictive models were developed through understory bamboo point cloud metrics and applied over the entire study area to generate spatially continuous maps of understory bamboo structure. …”
Get full text

Identifying key drivers of heatwaves: A novel spatio-temporal framework for extreme event detection by J. Pérez-Aracil, C. Peláez-Rodríguez, Ronan McAdam, Antonello Squintu, Cosmin M. Marina, Eugenio Lorente-Ramos, Niklas Luther, Verónica Torralba, Enrico Scoccimarro, Leone Cavicchia, Matteo Giuliani, Eduardo Zorita, Felicitas Hansen, David Barriopedro, Ricardo García-Herrera, Pedro A. Gutiérrez, Jürg Luterbacher, Elena Xoplaki, Andrea Castelletti, S. Salcedo-Sanz

“…Heatwaves (HWs) are extreme atmospheric events that produce significant societal and environmental impacts. Predicting these extreme events remains challenging, as their complex interactions with large-scale atmospheric and climatic variables are difficult to capture with traditional statistical and dynamical models. …”
Get full text

Projections of Extreme Precipitation Changes over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau: Exploring Thermodynamic and Dynamic Contributions by Xiaojiang Liu, Xi Liu, Chengxin Li, Xiaomin Ma, Kena Chen, Zhenhong Sun, Kangning Wang, Quanliang Chen, Hongke Cai

“…Both HR and LR models successfully reproduce the spatial distribution of annual precipitation, capturing the northwest-to-southeast increasing gradient. …”
Get full text

Tertiary lymphoid structure-related score as a predictor for survival prognosis and immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by Fan Wu, Fan Wu, Haotian Cao, Haotian Cao, Siqi Ren, Siqi Ren, Jiaying Wu, Jiaying Wu, Xin Liu, Xin Liu, Qunxing Li, Qiuping Xu, Qiuping Xu, Jiali Chen, Jiali Chen, Ruixin Wang, Ruixin Wang, Suling Chen, Suling Chen, Shijia Kuang, Shijia Kuang, Binbin Xia, Yanyan Li, Yanyan Li, Liansheng Wang, Jintao Li, Bowen Li, Bowen Li, Jinsong Li, Jinsong Li, Tianjun Lan, Tianjun Lan

“…TLSscore has proven to be a robust predictive model for predicting survival prognosis, immune cell infiltration, somatic mutation and immunotherapy response. …”
Get full text

Cognitive characteristics and ischemic prognosis of quantitative white matter hyperintensities in adult moyamoya disease by Ziqi Liu, Xiaokuan Hao, Qi Duan, Chaoran Shen, Haojin Lyu, Junze Zhang, Jing Gu, Shihao He, Yanru Wang, Xilong Wang, Zhenyu Zhou, Ning Ma, Ran Duan, Xinlin Zhou, Xin Lou, Rong Wang

“…The area under curve (AUC) of the quantitative PVWMH for the prediction of 2-year ischemic events is 0.701, which is better than that of the Fazekas grade (AUC = 0.561) (P = 0.000). …”
Get full text

Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Future Projections of Carbon Use Efficiency on the Mongolian Plateau: A Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Approach by Xinyu Yang, Qiang Yu, Buyanbaatar Avirmed, Yu Wang, Jikai Zhao, Weijie Sun, Huanjia Cui, Bowen Chi, Ji Long

“…The results indicate the following: (1) significant spatial variation exists, with high-value CUE areas (≥0.7) in the northwest due to favorable climatic conditions, while low-value areas (<0.6) in the east are affected by decreasing precipitation and overgrazing; (2) CUE increased at an annual rate of 1.03%, with a 43% acceleration after the 2005 climate shift, highlighting the synergistic effects of ecological engineering; (3) our findings reveal that the interaction of evapotranspiration and temperature dominates CUE spatial differentiation, with the random forest model accurately predicting CUE dynamics (root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.0819); (4) scenario simulations show the SSP3-7.0 pathway will peak CUE at 0.6103 by 2050, while the SSP5-8.5 scenario will significantly reduce spatial heterogeneity. …”
Get full text

Self-propelled particles undergoing cyclic transitions by Ye Zhang, Duanduan Wan

“…Here, we investigate a minimal model of self-propelled Brownian particles undergoing cyclic transitions across three spatial zones: gain, loss, and neutral regions. …”
Get full text

Comprehensive Validation of MODIS-Derived Instantaneous Air Temperature and Daily Minimum Temperature at Nighttime by Wenjie Zhang, Jiarui Zhao, Wenbin Zhu, Yunbo Kong, Bingcheng Wan, Yilan Liao

Get full text

Historical snow measurements in the central and southern Apennine Mountains: climatology, variability, and trend by V. Capozzi, F. Serrapica, A. Rocco, C. Annella, C. Annella, G. Budillon

Get full text

Diffusion and Risks of House Prices in the Netherlands by Alfred Larm Teye

“…Some housing researchers and experts have suggested that a better understanding of the spatial diffusion mechanisms of house prices will aid resuscitating the housing market after the GFC. …”
Get full text

Brain topology and cognitive outcomes after cardiac arrest: A graph theoretical analysis of fMRI data by Marlous M.L.H. Verhulst, Puck Lange, Anil Man Tuladhar, Prejaas Tewarie, Pauline C.W. van Gils, Caroline van Heugten, Judith Bonnes, Thijs Delnoij, Rick Helmich, Jeannette Hofmeijer

“…Possible predictive values of SSN structure or function need further investigation.…”
Get full text

Study on anti-reflection of deep soft and high gas coal seam floor by deep hole controlled blasting by Jian-yu Zhang, Yi-xin Gong

“…After the blasting process, the arrangement of control holes can result in an increase of up to 133% in damage to the coal seam and a reduction of up to 167% in damage to the floorboard compared to the model without control holes. …”
Get full text

Optimizing fuel break management for core habitat protection against wildfires in the northern Great Basin by Dung Nguyen, Yu Wei, Erin J. Belval, Jesse D. Young, Christopher D. O'Connor, Christopher J. Dunn, David E. Calkin

“…The model uses simulated wildfires for 20,000 fire seasons, calibrated to historical fire occurrence data from 2006 to 2020. …”
Get full text

Vegetation canopy height shapes bats’ occupancy: a remote sensing approach by F. C. Martins, S. Godinho, N. Guiomar, D. Medinas, H. Rebelo, P. Segurado, J. T. Marques

“…All species’ best-ranking occupancy models included at least one climatic variable (temperature, humidity, or potential evapotranspiration), demonstrating the importance of climate when predicting bat distribution. …”
Get full text

Climate change impacts to foraging seascapes for a highly migratory top predator by Barbara Muhling, Stephanie Snyder, Elliott L. Hazen, Rebecca Whitlock, Jong-Yeon Park, Charles A. Stock, Barbara A. Block

“…Statistical species distribution models are commonly used to explain past patterns and anticipate future shifts. …”
Get full text