YOLO-MARS: An Enhanced YOLOv8n for Small Object Detection in UAV Aerial Imagery by Guofeng Zhang, Yanfei Peng, Jincheng Li

“…Finally, a dynamic WIoU evaluation function is implemented, constructing adaptive penalty terms based on the spatial distribution characteristics of predicted and ground-truth bounding boxes, thereby optimizing the boundary localization accuracy of densely packed small targets from the UAV viewpoint. …”
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A DOFS-Based Approach to Calculate the Height of Water-Flowing Fractured Zone in Overlying Strata under Mining by Chunde Piao, Jinjun Li, Dangliang Wang, Wei Qiao

“…After comparing the height with the abscission layer position in the model test and the predicted height by the empirical formulas in the specification, it has been found that the three results are basically consistent, which in turn verifies the accuracy of this method.…”
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A “Foundation-Function-Structure” Framework for Multiple Scenario Assessment of Land Change-Induced Dynamics in Regional Ecosystem Quality by Yue Pan, Jing Gao, Jianxin Yang

“…This study investigates the spatial-temporal evolution of ecosystem quality in Wuhan from 2000 to 2020 and forecasts future trends under multiple land use scenarios for 2030. …”
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Refining Rainfall Derived from Satellite Radar for Estimating Inflows at Lam Pao Dam, Thailand by Nathaporn Areerachakul, Jaya Kandasamy, Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, Kittitanapat Bandhonopparat

“…The Kriging method was employed to estimate the spatial distribution of rainfall over the catchment area. …”
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The influence of climate change on the potential distribution of Ageratum conyzoides in China by Yuan Wang, Yonggang Yang, Minggang Zhang

“…Our results demonstrate that the ensemble model, constructed from the top seven single models, outperforms the individual models in predicting the suitable habitat of A. conyzoides. …”
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Analysing cold-climate urban heat islands using personal weather station data by Jonathon Taylor, Charles H. Simpson, Jaana Vanhatalo, Hasan Sohail, Oscar Brousse, Clare Heaviside

“…Urban intensification of extreme heat was greater than extreme cold reduction. Practice relevance Urban climate research typically relies on sparse networks of official or researcher-deployed weather stations, interpolations thereof, land-surface temperature observations or urban climate models. …”
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Investigating non fluorescence nanoparticle transport in Matrigel-filled microfluidic devices using synchrotron X-ray scattering by Alberto Martín-Asensio, Irene Pardo, Rocío Mesa, Demian Pardo, Juan P. Fernández-Blázquez, Juan Carlos Martínez-Guil, Milagros Castellanos, Jaime J. Hernández, Álvaro Somoza, Isabel Rodríguez

“…By implementing X-ray scattering to track unmodified nanomedicines within extracellular matrix-like microenvironments, increasingly accurate models for evaluating and predicting therapeutics transport behaviors can be developed.…”
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Tier‐1 and Tier‐2A Scenario Parameterisation and Example Calculations ‐ In Support of the Revision of the Guidance Document on Persistence in Soil under Council Directive 91/414/EE... by European Food Safety Authority

“…The aim of this scheme is to assess such Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PEC), chosen to be the 90th spatial percentile, resulting from the use of the plant protection product. …”
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Eclipse Mapping with MIRI: 2D Map of HD 189733b from 8 μm JWST MIRI LRS Observations by Maura Lally, Ryan C. Challener, Nikole K. Lewis, Julie Inglis, Tiffany Kataria, Heather A. Knutson, Brian M. Kilpatrick, Natasha E. Batalha, Paul Bonney, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Trevor Foote, Gregory W. Henry, David K. Sing, Kevin B. Stevenson, Hannah R. Wakeford, Robert T. Zellem

“…Observations and models of transiting hot Jupiter exoplanets indicate that atmospheric circulation features may cause large spatial flux contrasts across their daysides. …”
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Future Dynamics of Drought in Areas at Risk: An Interpretation of RCP Projections on a Regional Scale by Pietro Monforte, Sebastiano Imposa

“…Data were aggregated on a 0.50° × 0.50° spatial grid and bias-corrected using linear scaling. …”
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of future hydrology in the Pearl River Basin: Controls of climate change and land surface by Ying Zhang, Jianping Gan

“…Driven by an optimized subset of General Circulation Models through a comprehensive framework of multi-level calibrations, we employed a well-validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool to predict streamflow and investigate the underlying dynamics in the basin. …”
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Contemporaneous formation of self-secondaries and layered ejecta deposits on Mars by Fanglu Luo, Zhiyong Xiao, Rui Xu, Yizhen Ma, Yiren Chang, Wei Cao, Yichen Wang, Jun Cui

“…Recognized self-secondaries primarily occur on rim deposits and are largely absent on layered ejecta deposits, suggesting that the emplacement of self-secondaries and layered ejecta deposits occurred in a narrow time window. Comparison with model-predicted distributions of self-secondaries suggests that fragments forming self-secondaries did not uniformly have near-vertical ejection angles and may have slightly larger angles than those of normal excavation flows, explaining their common occurrence on airless planetary bodies. …”
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Study of Shale Gas Source Rock S-Wave Structure Characteristics via Dense Array Ambient Noise Tomography in Zhangjiakou, China by Si Chen, Zhanwu Lu, Haiyan Wang, Qingyu Wu, Wei Cai, Guowei Wu, Guangwen Wang

“…Employing a binary stratigraphic model, the study predicted shale content based on the velocity structure, with predictions exhibiting a moderate correlation (correlation coefficient of 0.58) with empirical data. …”
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Development of a Digital Hologram Map Using Bathymetric Data by Jumamurod Farhod Ugli Aralov, Oybek Mirzaevich Narzulloev, Leehwan Hwang, Philippe Gentet, Seunghyun Lee

“…Most traditional bathymetric mapping techniques rely on two-dimensional representations, which require users to mentally infer depth and spatial relationships. This cognitive burden can lead to misinterpretation, particularly when analyzing complex seafloor structures with subtle variations. …”
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Pan-cancer analysis uncovered the prognostic and therapeutic value of disulfidptosis by Yiwei Zhang, Zihua Li, Hengli Lu, Zongrui Jiang, Yixian Song, Zhanhui Ye, Chenzheng Gu, Kequan Chen, Anquan Shang

“…The nomogram based on the DRGs Score model could accurately predict the prognosis of patients with pan-cancer. …”
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Effects of Monsoon Circulation on Bedload Transport in the Qiongzhou Strait and Adjacent Seas Based on SCHISM by Yuxin Huang, Xiangbai Wu, Huan Mei, Shouxian Zhu, Changliang Tong, Xinyi La

“…This study quantitatively investigates monsoon-driven bedload sediment transport mechanisms in the Qiongzhou Strait using the SCHISM model, revealing three key findings: (1) Monsoon seasonality governs net sediment flux through contrasting hydrodynamic regimes, with the winter monsoon establishing spatially coherent westward transport pathways, while the summer monsoon induces counteracting flow patterns that suppress net transport. (2) Winter conditions exhibit opposing transport vectors between tidal and monsoon forcing at both strait entrances, with monsoon dominance at the western entrance contrasting tidal predominance in the eastern sector. (3) Summer monsoon–tide hydrodynamic decoupling results in transport magnitudes ≤ 10% of tidal-driven quantities across critical cross-sections. …”
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Hyperspectral Reconstruction Method Based on Global Gradient Information and Local Low-Rank Priors by Chipeng Cao, Jie Li, Pan Wang, Weiqiang Jin, Runrun Zou, Chun Qi

“…First, to improve the prior model’s efficiency in utilizing information of different frequencies, we design a gradient sampling strategy and training framework based on decision trees, leveraging changes in the loss function gradient information to enhance the model’s predictive capability for data of varying frequencies. …”
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Dynamic Steerable Patterning of Microscale Particles and Living Cells Using an Ultrasound‐Phased Array by Rick J. P. van Bergen, Bart G. W. Groenen, Daniëlle C. A. Duffhues, Richard G. P. Lopata, Carlijn V. C. Bouten, Hans‐Martin Schwab

“…The data are used to validate a numerical model designed to predict acoustic forces and particle displacement in current and future experiments. …”
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Energy efficiency and system complexity analysis of CNN based hybrid precoding for cell-free massive MIMO under terahertz communication by Tadele A. Abose, Yitbarek A. Mekonen, Binyam G. Assefa, Naol W. Gudeta

“…The CNN-based model not only mitigates pilot contamination (PC) but also enhances channel estimation by capturing temporal and spatial dynamics. …”
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<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> Mill. Mitigates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Deficits via Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Zebrafish by Ion Brinza, Razvan Stefan Boiangiu, Elena Todirascu-Ciornea, Lucian Hritcu, Gabriela Dumitru

“…This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>F. vulgare</i> essential oil (FVEO; 25, 150, and 300 μL/L) on the cognitive performance and brain oxidative stress in a scopolamine (SCOP; 100 μM)-induced zebrafish model of cognitive impairment. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic properties and bioactivity profiles of the main FVEO constituents were predicted to be used in silico tools, including SwissADME, pkCSM, PASS online, and ADMETlab 2.0. …”
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