Comprehensive characterization of tobacco-induced changes in enamel surface topography by Tamanna Kaur, Ramya Ramadoss, Nitya Krishnasamy, Sandhya Sundar, Suganya Panneer Selvam, Hema Shree K

“…High-resolution AFM imaging was employed to assess surface roughness, porosity, and microstructural changes induced by tobacco staining. A stylus profilometer was used to trace the surface topography, providing detailed measurements of surface irregularities. …”
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Relevance of choroid plexus volumes in multiple sclerosis by Britta Krieger, Barbara Bellenberg, Anna Katharina Roenneke, Ruth Schneider, Theodoros Ladopoulos, Zainab Abbas, Rebekka Rust, Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch, Claudia Chien, Ralf Gold, Friedemann Paul, Carsten Lukas

“…In addition, T1w/FLAIR ratios were calculated within periventricular bands to quantify microstructural tissue damage and to assess its relationship to ChP volume. …”
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In vivo evidence for cell body loss in cortical lesions in people with multiple sclerosis by Eva A. Krijnen, Hansol Lee, Samantha Noteboom, Florence L. Chiang, Martijn D. Steenwijk, Menno M. Schoonheim, Eric C. Klawiter, Susie Y. Huang

“…Gradients of diffusion microstructural alterations moving outward from cortical lesions toward normal‐appearing cortex highlight the potential of high‐gradient diffusion MRI to identify both focal and diffuse cortical pathology.…”
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Development and fluctuation of crystal orientation fabric in the deep sections of the Dome Fuji ice core, Antarctica: impacts of dust particles and migration recrystallization by T. Saruya, A. Miyamoto, S. Fujita, S. Fujita, K. Goto-Azuma, K. Goto-Azuma, M. Hirabayashi, A. Hori, M. Igarashi, Y. Iizuka, T. Kameda, H. Ohno, W. Shigeyama, W. Shigeyama, S. Tsutaki, S. Tsutaki

“…The <span class="inline-formula"><i>c</i></span>- and <span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span>-axis fabric data were compared with various other characteristics of the same ice core. Microstructural observations were made using optical microscopy. …”
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Macular Thinning and Microvasculature Abnormalities in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: A Longitudinal Analysis by Sally S. Ong, MD, Ann Nampomba, MS, Sara Rahman, BS, Loka Thangamathesvaran, MD, Grace Reilly, MD, Jianqiao Ma, ScM, Jay Vaidya, PhD, Sophie Lanzkron, MD, MHS, Adrienne W. Scott, MD

“…These findings suggest that microstructural and microvasculature abnormalities in the macula start in childhood in SCD, especially for those with HbSS disease. …”
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<i>Salmonella</i> Typhi-Exposed Placentae: Chorionic Villi Histomorphology and Neonatal Birthweight by Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo, Joana Twasam, Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu, John Ahenkorah, Bismarck Afedo Hottor, Nicholas T. K. D. Dayie, Peter Ofori Appiah, Emmanuel Afutu, Fleischer C. N. Kotey, Emilia Asuquo Udofia, Nii Koney-Kwaku Koney, Benjamin Arko-Boham, Eric S. Donkor

“…Despite this significant burden, <i>Salmonella</i>-associated placental pathology remains poorly understood, particularly its impact on foetal development through microstructural alterations. Aim: This study utilised stereology to assess histomorphological and functional alterations in term placentae of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi-exposed placentae, compared to unexposed controls. …”
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Electron microscopic findings predict clinical outcomes in patients with non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy by Rie Higuchi, Shozo Konishi, Tomohito Ohtani, Fusako Sera, Misato Chimura, Machiko Kanzaki, Themistoklis Katsimichas, Masahiro Seo, Tetsuya Watanabe, Takahiro Okumura, Toyoaki Murohara, Hiroyuki Takahama, Atsushi Okada, Chisato Izumi, Masaru Hatano, Issei Komuro, Yoshihiko Ikeda, Yoshihiro Asano, Hatsue Ishibashi‐Ueda, Yasushi Sakata

“…Abstract Aims Electron microscopy reveals microstructural alterations in cardiomyocyte nuclei and myofilaments in non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), particularly in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). …”
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Sm2O3-induced superconductivity enhancements in bulk Y-123 ceramics synthesized via a novel modified thermal decomposition method by Ryad Alhadei Mohamed Arebat, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik, Yap Siew Hong, Chen Soo Kien, Lim Kean Pah, Hussien Baqiah, Fatma Barood, Syahrul Humaidi, Hoo Keong Peh, Abdul Halim Shaari, Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin, Muralidhar Miryala

“…Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed significant grain growth (∼8.14 μm) and enhanced grain connectivity at 0.1 wt%, while higher doping levels caused porosity and microstructural deterioration. High-resolution imaging further revealed zigzag grain boundaries and nanoscale inclusions acting as flux pinning centers. …”
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Highly porous activated carbon from betel palm shells as the prospective electrode for high-performance supercapacitors by Panuwat Torrarit, Sirilux Poompradub, Mahshid Mohammadifar, Prasit Pattananuwat, Theerthagiri Jayaraman, Yujeong Jeong, Narong Chanlek, Myong Yong Choi, Jitti Kasemchainan

“…The effect of carbonization temperatures – 500, 600, 700, and 800 °C, was studied on the properties of the activated carbon. Microstructural characterizations like BET, Raman, and XPS were carried out. …”
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Effect of two-dimensional functional fillers size on the performance of BN/EPDM flexible neutron protection composite materials by ZONG Bo, ZENG Deyang, WANG Kaikai, TANG Wencai, FU Jiajia, CHANG Shuquan, HE Jialin, CHEN Fanglei, LI Ziping, LI Da

“…BN/EPDM flexible neutron protection composite materials were prepared by the process of plasticizing, mixing and hot pressing and vulcanization, and the content of BN was controlled at 20~100 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber), and azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) acted as an initiator to promote the interfacial bonding between mercaptylated boron nitride (BN-SH) and EPDM substrate. Then, the microstructures of the materials such as functional group and microscopic morphology were characterized and analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). …”
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Enhancing direct carbonation performance of basic oxygen furnace slag through potassium chloride activation by Rong SUN, Weicheng XU, Hongming LONG, Rufei WEI

“…In the theoretical calculations, a first-principle computational approach based on density functional theory was used to gain deeper insights into the effect of K on CO2 adsorption at the microstructural level. The experimental results indicated that ball milling with KCl led to Ca-enrichment on the surface of the BOF slag particles, reducing the diffusion resistance of CO2. …”
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Softening and instability evolution of strip coal pillar under water immersion in goaf by Xu Wang, Shangxian Yin, Huiqing Lian, Min Cao, Enke Hou, Xiangxue Xia, Sihai Yi, Tao Yan, Qixing Li, Haorui Wang

“…This study uses the mining of the A ore strip as an engineering background, conducts theoretical analyses and laboratory tests on coal pillars subjected to varying soaking durations, and examines the macroscopic and microscopic damage and deterioration processes of coal pillars under soaking conditions from the perspectives of mechanical properties, hydrochemical characteristics, and microstructural characterization. The experimental results indicate that within 0 to 40 days of soaking, the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal pillar decreases by 50%, the pH value of the solution shifts from weakly acidic to weakly alkaline, multiple ion concentrations undergo significant changes, mineral compositions alter, and porosity exhibits a pronounced changing trend. …”
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The Prevalence of Dermoscopy Use Among Dermatology Residents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study by Abdullah Almeziny, Rahaf Almutairi, Amal Altamimi, Khloud Alshehri, Latifah Almehaideb, Asem Shadid, Mohammed Al Mashali

“… Abstract BackgroundDermoscopy is a noninvasive technology used to examine the skin’s invisible microstructures in dermatological practice and is gaining prominence as a crucial tool. …”
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Experimental Investigation of Shear Behavior and Pore Structure Evolution in Heat-Treated Granite Subjected to Liquid Nitrogen and Water Cooling by Fan Zhang, Shengyuan Liu, Subiao Zhang, Yiming Zhang, Shaohui Quan, Man Li

“…To this end, low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the pore size distribution and microstructural evolution of granite. The experimental results indicate that both the shear strength and cohesion of granite initially increase and then decrease with the rise in thermal treatment temperature. …”
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In vivo Confocal Microscopy for Corneal and Ocular Surface Pathologies: A Comprehensive Review by Ramirez-Miranda A, Guerrero-Becerril J, Ramirez M, Vera-Duarte GR, Mangwani-Mordani S, Ortiz-Morales G, Navas A, Graue-Hernandez EO, Alio JL

“…Arturo Ramirez-Miranda,1 Jesus Guerrero-Becerril,1 Manuel Ramirez,2 Guillermo Raul Vera-Duarte,1 Simran Mangwani-Mordani,1,3,4 Gustavo Ortiz-Morales,1 Alejandro Navas,1 Enrique O Graue-Hernandez,1 Jorge L Alio5 1Departamento de Córnea y Cirugía Refractiva, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana IAP, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Departamento de Córnea y Cirugía Refractiva, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, Hospital Luis Sánchez Bulnes, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; 3Surgical Services, Department of Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; 5Research and Development Department, VISSUM Miranza, Alicante, SpainCorrespondence: Arturo Ramirez-Miranda, Instituto de Oftalmologia Fundacion Conde de Valenciana IAP, Chimalpopoca 14, Centro, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México, CDMX, CP 06800, Mexico, Email arturorammir@gmail.comBackground: In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is an advanced imaging technique that enables real-time, high-resolution visualization of corneal microstructures. Its clinical applications have expanded significantly, offering valuable insights into the pathophysiology of various ocular surface and corneal disorders. …”
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Achieving High‐Performance Transcranial Ultrasound Transmission Through Mie and Fano Resonance in Flexible Metamaterials by Jie Chen, Bing Liu, Genshen Peng, Linming Zhou, Chengwei Tan, Jiale Qin, Juan Li, Zijian Hong, Yongjun Wu, Minghui Lu, Feiyan Cai, Yuhui Huang

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In-situ TEM Study of Dislocation Loop Evolution in Tungsten under Dual-ion Beam Irradiation by MA Pengfei1, LIU Yan2, CAO Liuxuan2, ZHANG Yapei1, LI Xiurui1, TIAN Wenxi1, QIU Suizheng1, SU Guanghui1

“…This study deepens the understanding of the microstructural evolution of irradiation-induced defects in tungsten, providing a fundamental basis for the application of tungsten in fusion reactor.…”
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Experimental Study on Fretting Wear Characteristic of Zr-4 Alloy by LIU Haidong1, 2, HE Kai1, FU Jinsheng1, LI Zhengyang3, PU Zengping3, REN Quanyao3, CHEN Deqi4, WANG Ningyuan4

“…A white light interferometer was used to obtain the 3D morphology and wear quantities (wear volume and maximum wear depth) of the damaged areas, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the microscopic morphology and elemental distribution of the damaged areas. The microstructural characteristics of the fretting wear zones in Zr-4 alloy were studied, focusing on the changes in micro-morphology, elemental composition, and wear mechanisms. …”
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Evaluating sensitivity of optical snow grain size retrievals to radiative transfer models, shape parameters, and inversion techniques by J. W. Dillon, C. P. Donahue, E. N. Schehrer, K. D. Hammonds

“…To address this knowledge gap we conducted a laboratory bidirectional reflectance study, using NIR hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) to retrieve grain size metrics for a wide variety of snow microstructures and evaluate them against micro-CT benchmarks. …”
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Structure, Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Pectin Obtained from Different Varieties of Potato Residue by Ruiping GAO, Wei TANG, Mingyan LIANG, Wenbin ZHOU, Li WU, Qiaoyu WU, Ruoruo WANG, Jia LIU

“…Notably, the viscosity of GP and JP was significantly higher than those of HP and YP (P<0.05), which was closely related to the molecular weights of GP and JP being much lower than those of HP and YP, as well as the differences in their microstructures. The emulsifying abilities and emulsion stability of the pectins followed the order of YP> HP>GP>JP, which correlated positively with molecular weight and the proportion and branching degree of RG-I structural domains. …”
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