Integrating health equity in artificial intelligence for public health in Canada: a rapid narrative review by Samantha Ghanem, Marielle Moraleja, Danielle Gravesande, Jennifer Rooney

“…Several health equity considerations for applying AI in public health were identified, including gaps in AI epistemology, algorithmic bias, accessibility of AI technologies, ethical and privacy concerns, unrepresentative training datasets, lack of transparency and interpretability of AI models, and challenges in scaling technical skills.ConclusionWhile AI has the potential to advance public health in Canada, addressing equity is critical to preventing inequities. …”
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Robust, fully-automated assessment of cerebral perivascular spaces and white matter lesions: a multicentre MRI longitudinal study of their evolution and association with risk of de... by Giuseppe Barisano, Michael Iv, Jeiran Choupan, Melanie Hayden-Gephart, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey, Michael Donohue, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox, Paul Thompson, Norbert Schuff, Charles DeCarli, Bret Borowski, Jeff Gunter, Matt Senjem, Prashanthi Vemuri, David Jones, Kejal Kantarci, Chad Ward, Robert A. Koeppe, Norm Foster, Eric M. Reiman, Kewei Chen, Chet Mathis, Susan Landau, Nigel J. Cairns, Erin Householder, Lisa Taylor Reinwald, Virginia Lee, Magdalena Korecka, Michal Figurski, Karen Crawford, Scott Neu, Tatiana M. Foroud, Steven Potkin, Li Shen, Faber Kelley, Sungeun Kim, Kwangsik Nho, Zaven Kachaturian, Richard Frank, Peter J. Snyder, Susan Molchan, Jeffrey Kaye, Joseph Quinn, Betty Lind, Raina Carter, Sara Dolen, Lon S. Schneider, Sonia Pawluczyk, Mauricio Beccera, Liberty Teodoro, Bryan M. Spann, James Brewer, Helen Vanderswag, Adam Fleisher, Judith L. Heidebrink, Joanne L. Lord, Ronald Petersen, Sara S. Mason, Colleen S. Albers, David Knopman, Kris Johnson, Rachelle S. Doody, Javier Villanueva Meyer, Munir Chowdhury, Susan Rountree, Mimi Dang, Yaakov Stern, Lawrence S. Honig, Karen L. Bell, Beau Ances, John C. Morris, Maria Carroll, Sue Leon, Erin Householder, Mark A. Mintun, Stacy Schneider, Angela Oliver, Daniel Marson, Randall Griffith, David Clark, David Geld-macher, John Brockington, Erik Roberson, Hillel Grossman, Effie Mitsis, Leyla deToledo-Morrell, Raj C. Shah, Ranjan Duara, Daniel Varon, Maria T. Greig, Peggy Roberts, Marilyn Albert, Chiadi Onyike, Daniel D’Agostino, Stephanie Kielb, James E. Galvin, Dana M. Pogorelec, Brittany Cerbone, Christina A. Michel, Henry Rusinek, Mony J. de Leon, Lidia Glodzik, Susan De Santi, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Jeffrey R. Petrella, Terence Z. Wong, Steven E. Arnold, Jason H. Karlawish, David Wolk, Charles D. Smith, Greg Jicha, Peter Hardy, Partha Sinha, Elizabeth Oates, Gary Conrad, Oscar L. Lopez, MaryAnn Oakley, Donna M. Simpson, Anton P. Porsteinsson, Bonnie S. Goldstein, Kim Martin, Kelly M. Makino, M. Saleem Ismail, Connie Brand, Ruth A. Mulnard, Gaby Thai, Catherine Mc Adams Ortiz, Kyle Womack, Dana Mathews, Mary Quiceno, Ramon Diaz Arrastia, Richard King, Myron Weiner, Kristen Martin Cook, Michael DeVous, Allan I. Levey, James J. Lah, Janet S. Cellar, Jeffrey M. Burns, Heather S. Anderson, Russell H. Swerdlow, Liana Apostolova, Kathleen Tingus, Ellen Woo, Daniel H.S. Silverman, Po H. Lu, George Bartzokis, Neill R. Graff Radford, Francine Parfitt, Tracy Kendall, Heather Johnson, Martin R. Farlow, AnnMarie Hake, Brandy R. Matthews, Scott Herring, Cynthia Hunt, Christopher H. van Dyck, Richard E. Carson, Martha G. MacAvoy, Howard Chertkow, Howard Bergman, Chris Hosein, Sandra Black, Bojana Stefanovic, Curtis Caldwell, Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung, Howard Feldman, Benita Mudge, Michele Assaly, Andrew Kertesz, John Rogers, Dick Trost, Charles Bernick, Donna Munic, Diana Kerwin, Marek Marsel Mesulam, Kristine Lipowski, Chuang Kuo Wu, Nancy Johnson, Carl Sadowsky, Walter Martinez, Teresa Villena, Raymond Scott Turner, Kathleen Johnson, Brigid Reynolds, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith A. Johnson, Gad Marshall, Meghan Frey, Jerome Yesavage, Joy L. Taylor, Barton Lane, Allyson Rosen, Jared Tinklenberg, Marwan N. Sabbagh, Christine M. Belden, Sandra A. Jacobson, Sherye A. Sirrel, Neil Kowall, Ronald Killiany, Andrew E. Budson, Alexander Norbash, Patricia Lynn Johnson, Thomas O. Obisesan, Saba Wolday, Joanne Allard, Alan Lerner, Paula Ogrocki, Leon Hudson, Evan Fletcher, Owen Carmichael, John Olichney, Charles DeCarli, Smita Kittur, Michael Borrie, T.Y. Lee, Rob Bartha, Sterling Johnson, Sanjay Asthana, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Steven G. Potkin, Adrian Preda, Dana Nguyen, Pierre Tariot, Adam Fleisher, Stephanie Reeder, Vernice Bates, Horacio Capote, Michelle Rainka, Douglas W. Scharre, Maria Kataki, Anahita Adeli, Earl A. Zimmerman, Dzintra Celmins, Alice D. Brown, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Karen Blank, Karen Anderson, Robert B. Santulli, Tamar J. Kitzmiller, Eben S. Schwartz, Kaycee M. Sink, Jeff D. Williamson, Pradeep Garg, Franklin Watkins, Brian R. Ott, Henry Querfurth, Geoffrey Tremont, Stephen Salloway, Paul Malloy, Stephen Correia, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, Jacobo Mintzer, Kenneth Spicer, David Bachman, Elizabeth Finger, Stephen Pasternak, Irina Rachinsky, John Rogers, Andrew Kertesz, Dick Drost, Nunzio Pomara, Raymundo Hernando, Antero Sarrael, Susan K. Schultz, Laura L. Boles Ponto, Hyungsub Shim, Karen Elizabeth Smith, Norman Relkin, Gloria Chaing, Lisa Raudin, Amanda Smith, Kristin Fargher, Balebail Ashok Raj

“…Methods: We developed a robust algorithm to automatically assess PVS count and size on clinical MRI, and investigated 1) their relationship with dementia risk and brain atrophy in participants without dementia, 2) their longitudinal evolution, and 3) their potential use as a screening tool in simulated clinical trials. …”
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A Comprehensive Approach to Rustc Optimization Vulnerability Detection in Industrial Control Systems by Kaifeng Xie, Jinjing Wan, Lifeng Chen, Yi Wang

“…This paper proposes a test case generation method based on large language models (LLMs), which utilizes prompt templates and optimization algorithms to generate a code relevant to specific optimization passes, especially for real-time control logic and safety-critical modules unique to the industrial control field. …”
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Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning for comprehensive analysis and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration characteristics in pediatric septic... by Peng Lyu, Na Xie, Xu-peng Shao, Shuai Xing, Xiao-yue Wang, Li-yun Duan, Xue Zhao, Jia-min Lu, Rong-fei Liu, Duo Zhang, Wei Lu, Kai-liang Fan

“…Abstract This study aims to predict and diagnose pediatric septic shock through the screening of immune infiltration-related biomarkers. …”
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Poor Nutritional Status Increases Risk of Postoperative Adverse Events after Surgical Management of Traumatic Ankle Fracture by Sanket Mehta MD, Nicholas Danford MD

“…Patients with poor nutritional status were older (56 vs. 51 years), more likely to present in shock (7.5% vs. 2.3%) and due to motor vehicle collision mechanism (all P< 0.001). …”
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Graph neural processes for molecules: an evaluation on docking scores and strategies to improve generalization by Miguel García-Ortegón, Srijit Seal, Carl Rasmussen, Andreas Bender, Sergio Bacallado

“…We evaluate their performance on regression and optimization molecular tasks using docking scores, finding them to outperform classical single-task and transfer-learning models. We examine the issue of generalization to divergent test tasks, which is a general concern of meta-learning algorithms in science, and propose strategies to alleviate it.…”
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Visual impairments associated with the treatment of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system: a literature review and practical recommendations for oncogynecologists by Y. A. Chuikova, O. A. Odintsova, D. V. Skalozub, A. G. Antonyuk, A. A. Kabartai, A. N. Nurmamatova, R. M. Azimov, P. A. Snatenkova, A. A. Silantyev, S. R. Osina, D. S. Minasyan, S. A. Lashevich, I. A. Isaeva, E. A. Rukhlyadyeva

“…Practical recommendations are provided for screening, monitoring, and managing patients at risk of ocular complications, including referral algorithms and treatment modification strategies. …”
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Locating and quantifying CH₄ sources within a wastewater treatment plant based on mobile measurements by J. Yang, Z. Xu, Z. Xia, Z. Xia, X. Pei, Y. Yang, B. Qiu, B. Qiu, S. Zhao, S. Zhao, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, Z. Wang

“…We utilized a multi-source Gaussian plume model combined with a genetic algorithm inversion framework, designed to locate major sources within the plant and quantify the corresponding <span class="inline-formula">CH₄</span> emission fluxes. …”
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Application of deep learning in malware detection: a review by Yafei Song, Dandan Zhang, Jian Wang, Yanan Wang, Yang Wang, Peng Ding

“…This work compares and reports a classification of malware detection work based on deep learning algorithms. The 2011–2025 articles were considered, and the latest work focused on the literature for the 2018–2025 years; after screening, 72 articles were selected for the initial study. …”
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Robust EEG Characteristics for Predicting Neurological Recovery from Coma After Cardiac Arrest by Meitong Zhu, Meng Xu, Meng Gao, Rui Yu, Guangyu Bin

“…By integrating machine learning (ML) algorithms, such as Gradient Boosting Models and Support Vector Machines, with SHAP-based feature visualization, robust screening methods were applied to ensure the reliability of predictions. …”
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Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Microfluidics Technology for Psoriasis Therapy: A Comprehensive Review for Research and Clinical Applications by Ibrahim Shaw, Yimer Seid Ali, Changhong Nie, Kexin Zhang, Chuanpin Chen, Yin Xiao

“…Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with microfluidics promises to overcome these barriers by leveraging AI algorithms to automate device design, streamline experimentation, and enhance diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes. …”
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Big data transfer service architecture for cloud data centers: problems, methods, applications, and future trends by Muhammad Umar Majigi, Ismaila Idris, Shafi’i Muhammad Abdulhamid, Richard A. Ikuesan

“…Key issues identified in the context of big data transfer services for cloud data centers include storage, big data transfer, service transfer architecture, data processing, bandwidth, and security, all of which demand extensive research. After thoroughly screening selected peer-reviewed articles, the primary open issues are: incorporating a data placement module in the data transfer service, providing end-to-end safeguards for packet delivery, improving data transfer time and speed, minimizing costs and implementation overhead, ensuring secure data transfer between servers in the cloud, demonstrating effective big data transfer architectures, considering topology-specific extensions to reduce the busty nature of data centers, and enhancing data transfer services using machine learning algorithms during upload and download operations. …”
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Ultrasound Assessment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis: From Origins to Future Perspectives—A Comprehensive Review by Stefano Di Michele, Anna Maria Fulghesu, Elena Pittui, Martina Cordella, Gilda Sicilia, Giuseppina Mandurino, Maurizio Nicola D’Alterio, Salvatore Giovanni Vitale, Stefano Angioni

“…Studies on diagnostic criteria, imaging modalities, stromal assessment, and machine-learning algorithms were prioritized. Additional references were identified via citation screening. …”
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Association between impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones and sedentary behavior: a cross-sectional study by Hangzhou Yang, Jie Kang, Lingkang Dong, Zihan Lin, Qixian Lin, Bo Wu

“…The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and the Boruta algorithm were employed to screen out confounding factors closely associated with sedentary time and the parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based index (PTFQI). …”
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Relationship between stress hyperglycemia ratio and the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC... by Runjia Liu, Jiatong Li, Jing Zeng, Yuxuan Tao, Dong Chen, Haixia Li

“…We employed logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), threshold effect analysis, ubgroup analysis, Boruta algorithm, lasso algorithm, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to analyze the relationship between SHR and POAF incidence comprehensively. …”
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Quality of care for severe acute malnutrition delivered by community health workers in southern Bangladesh by Chloe Puett, Jennifer Coates, Harold Alderman, Kate Sadler

“…CHWs screened children at community level using a mid‐upper arm circumference measurement, and treated cases without medical complications. …”
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Exploring the Ethical Challenges of Conversational AI in Mental Health Care: Scoping Review by Mehrdad Rahsepar Meadi, Tomas Sillekens, Suzanne Metselaar, Anton van Balkom, Justin Bernstein, Neeltje Batelaan

“…When a concern occurred in more than 2 articles, we identified it as a distinct theme. …”
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A portable retina fundus photos dataset for clinical, demographic, and diabetic retinopathy prediction by Chenwei Wu, David Restrepo, Luis Filipe Nakayama, Lucas Zago Ribeiro, Zitao Shuai, Nathan Santos Barboza, Maria Luiza Vieira Sousa, Raul Dias Fitterman, Alexandre Durao Alves Pereira, Caio Vinicius Saito Regatieri, Jose Augusto Stuchi, Fernando Korn Malerbi, Rafael E. Andrade

“…The mBRSET dataset serves as a resource for developing AI algorithms and investigating real-world applications, enhancing ophthalmological care in resource-constrained environments.…”
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High-flow nasal cannula therapy versus continuous positive airway pressure for non-invasive respiratory support in paediatric critical care: the FIRST-ABC RCTs by Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Alvin Richards-Belle, Karen Thomas, Laura Drikite, Zia Sadique, Silvia Moler Zapata, Robert Darnell, Carly Au, Peter J Davis, Izabella Orzechowska, Julie Lester, Kevin Morris, Millie Parke, Mark Peters, Sam Peters, Michelle Saull, Lyvonne Tume, Richard G Feltbower, Richard Grieve, Paul R Mouncey, David Harrison, Kathryn Rowan

“…More patients switched from CPAP to HFNC (30.9%) than from HFNC to CPAP (20.0%). …”
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Protecting kidney function: from mechanisms to therapeutic targets and traditional Chinese medicine by Yilin Meng, Lu Sui, Ligeer Che, Zihang Jin, Yutong Ma, Li Sun

“…Adaptive design and using human kidney organoid models for drug screening can determine the active ingredients efficiently. …”
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