High-flow nasal cannula therapy versus continuous positive airway pressure for non-invasive respiratory support in paediatric critical care: the FIRST-ABC RCTs by Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Alvin Richards-Belle, Karen Thomas, Laura Drikite, Zia Sadique, Silvia Moler Zapata, Robert Darnell, Carly Au, Peter J Davis, Izabella Orzechowska, Julie Lester, Kevin Morris, Millie Parke, Mark Peters, Sam Peters, Michelle Saull, Lyvonne Tume, Richard G Feltbower, Richard Grieve, Paul R Mouncey, David Harrison, Kathryn Rowan

“…Background Despite the increasing use of non-invasive respiratory support in paediatric intensive care units, there are no large randomised controlled trials comparing two commonly used non-invasive respiratory support modes, continuous positive airway pressure and high-flow nasal cannula therapy. …”
Get full text

Combining Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Rapid Recognition of an Hg-Contaminated Plant by Bang-Cheng Tang, Hai-Yan Fu, Qiao-Bo Yin, Zeng-Yan Zhou, Wei Shi, Lu Xu, Yuan-Bin She

“…The NIRS measurements of impacted sample powders were collected in the mode of reflectance. The DUPLEX algorithm was utilized to split the NIRS data into representative training and test sets. …”
Get full text

Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Objective Grading and Quantification of Posterior Capsular Opacification by Saurabh Kushwaha, Rajat Chaudhary, Uma Devi

“…Here, we systematically reviewed several PCO imaging modalities, various existing AI algorithms, steps in building AI models and matrix evaluation in AI diagnosis of PCO. …”
Get full text

Identification and mechanism analysis of biomarkers related to butyrate metabolism in COVID-19 patients by Wenchao Zhou, Hui Li, Juan Zhang, Changsheng Liu, Dan Liu, Xupeng Chen, Jing Ouyang, Tian Zeng, Shuang Peng, Fan Ouyang, Yunzhu Long, Yukun Li

“…Six machine learning algorithms were employed to determine the best model for identifying biomarkers, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of the biomarkers in COVID-19. …”
Get full text

Leveraging advanced technologies for early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer: Warning alarm by Saantosh Saravanan, N. Aravindha Babu, Lakshmi T, Mukesh Kumar Dharmalingam Jothinathan

“…Specialized algorithms such as the Recombination-Based Improved Population Optimization Parallel Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (RB-IPOP CMA-ES) allow for better accuracy of deep learning models, as this enhances the performance of developing models for early diagnosis of oral cancer. …”
Get full text

Polygraph and audio synchronization applied to apnea event analysis based on non-negative matrix factorization by Francisco David Gonzalez-Martinez, Juan De La Torre-Cruz, Julio Jose Carabias-Orti, Francisco Jesus Canadas-Quesada, Alejandro Antonio Salvador-Navarro, Jose Ranilla, Lyam Lamrini-H. Laarbi

“…The proposed method introduces an iterative time-alignment algorithm based on the cross-correlation between an estimated respiratory sound signal and the nasal flow signal from PG. …”
Get full text

Advancements in the application of artificial intelligence in the field of colorectal cancer by Mengying Zhu, Mengying Zhu, Zhenzhu Zhai, Yue Wang, Fang Chen, Ruibin Liu, Ruibin Liu, Xiaoquan Yang, Guohua Zhao

“…In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown immense potential in revolutionizing CRC management, serving as one of the most effective screening tools. AI, utilizing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms, improves early detection, diagnosis, and treatment by processing large volumes of medical data, uncovering hidden patterns, and forecasting disease development. …”
Get full text

New insights into biomarkers and risk stratification to predict hepatocellular cancer by Katrina Li, Brandon Mathew, Ethan Saldanha, Puja Ghosh, Adrian R. Krainer, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Hai Huang, Xiyan Xiang, Lopa Mishra

“…Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third major cause of cancer death worldwide, with more than a doubling of incidence over the past two decades in the United States. …”
Get full text

Determining optimal strategies for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a synopsis of an evidence synthesis study by Olalekan A Uthman, Lena Al-Khudairy, Chidozie Nduka, Rachel Court, Jodie Enderby, Seun Anjorin, Hema Mistry, G J Melendez-Torres, Sian Taylor-Phillips, Aileen Clarke

“…A machine learning study developed a parallel Convolutional Neural Network algorithm with 96.4% recall and 99.1% precision for study screening. …”
Get full text

Prevalence estimates of trafficking in persons using statistical definitions: a cross-sectional high-risk community survey in Cape Town, South Africa by Rumi Kato Price, Annah K Bender, Floriana H Milazzo, Edna G. Rich, Nicolette V. Roman, Sheldon X Zhang, Erica L Koegler

“…Secondary outcome measures included individual and summary measures from the two screeners.Results Our PRIF algorithm yielded a TIP lifetime prevalence rate of 17.0% and past 12-month rate of 2.9%. …”
Get full text

Validation of a deep learning computer aided system for CT based lung nodule detection, classification, and growth rate estimation in a routine clinical population. by John T Murchison, Gillian Ritchie, David Senyszak, Jeroen H Nijwening, Gerben van Veenendaal, Joris Wakkie, Edwin J R van Beek

“…<h4>Objective</h4>In this study, we evaluated a commercially available computer assisted diagnosis system (CAD). The deep learning algorithm of the CAD was trained with a lung cancer screening cohort and developed for detection, classification, quantification, and growth of actionable pulmonary nodules on chest CT scans. …”
Get full text

RAD-Seq-derived SSR markers: a new paradigm for genetic analysis and construction of genetically improved production populations in Pinus koraiensis by Pingyu Yan, Wanying Zhang, Junfei Hao, Xiaotian Miao, Jun Wu, Zixiong Xie, Zhixin Li, Lei Zhang, Hanguo Zhang

“…A production population of 20 individuals was constructed via the simulated annealing algorithm, which exhibited a more reasonable mating system (F=−0.028) and demonstrated superior cone production compared with that of the plus tree population, with an increase of 79.6%. …”
Get full text

Callback time preference for prescreening visits among Black residents in the Boston area: findings from two randomized controlled trials by Ruth Zeto, Oluwagbemisola Ibikunle, Jingyi Cao, Hannah Col, Dhrumil Patil, Ruth-Alma Turkson-Ocran, Mingyu Zhang, Timothy B. Plante, Stephen P. Juraschek

“…Staff call attempts and participant screening status were logged prospectively. Gender was estimated based on first name, using a published algorithm. …”
Get full text

Biochemical disturbances in schizophrenia — a «window of opportunity» by T. V. Zhilyaeva, A. S. Piatoikina, E. D. Kasyanov, G. V. Rukavishnikov, I. V. Semennov, O. V. Kostina, A. S. Blagonravova, G. E. Mazo

“…At the same time, there are no studies with an assessment of a wide range of correctable biochemical abnormalities in one sample of patients. Moreover, screening algorithms for the detection and personalized correction of controlled biomarkers have not been introduced into clinical practice yet.   …”
Get full text

Different strokes: differences in the characteristics and outcomes of BCVI and non-BCVI strokes in trauma patients by Lillian S Kao, Charles E Wade, Xu Zhang, Bryan A Cotton, Sean I Savitz, Michelle K McNutt, Cedar Slovacek, David Rosenbaum, Hari Kishan Reddy Indupuru, John Harvin

“…Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI)–related strokes and mortality have decreased, likely due to refined screening and treatment algorithms in trauma literature; however, there is a paucity of research addressing non-BCVI strokes in trauma. …”
Get full text

In silico assessment of biocompatibility and toxicity: molecular docking and dynamics simulation of PMMA-based dental materials for interim prosthetic restorations by Ravinder S. Saini, Rayan Ibrahim H. Binduhayyim, Vishwanath Gurumurthy, Abdulkhaliq Ali F. Alshadidi, Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu, Rajesh Vyas, Doni Dermawan, Punnoth Poonkuzhi Naseef, Seyed Ali Mosaddad, Artak Heboyan

“…The LigandScout was utilized for pharmacophore modeling, which employs a shape-based screening approach to identify potential ligand binding sites on protein targets. …”
Get full text

Modified Diagnostic Criteria Tools for Familial Hypercholesterolemia without the Requirement for Clinical Genetic Testing: Rationale and Design of the MOOCS Adaptive Clinical Trial by Satyanarayana Upadhyayula

“…Various available FH diagnostic tools are grouped together in the FH diagnostic criteria tool universal algorithm. Background: The standard diagnostic criteria tools for FH require GT. …”
Get full text

Detecting and Explaining Postpartum Depression in Real-Time with Generative Artificial Intelligence by Silvia García-Méndez, Francisco de Arriba-Pérez

“…Moreover, it addresses the black box problem since the predictions are described to the end users thanks to the combination of LLMS with interpretable ML models (i.e. tree-based algorithms) using feature importance and natural language. …”
Get full text

Prognostic and Diagnostic Value of Spontaneous Tumor-Related Antibodies by Sebastian Kobold, Tim Luetkens, Yanran Cao, Carsten Bokemeyer, Djordje Atanackovic

“…There is an urgent need for earlier diagnosis of malignancies and more stringent monitoring of relapses after antitumor therapy. …”
Get full text

Integrated single-cell and transcriptome sequencing data reveal the value of IL1RAP in gastric cancer microenvironment and prognosis by Weifeng Yang, Xiaohua Wu, Jian Wang, Wenquan Ou, Xing Huang

“…Immunotherapy prediction models suggested a more favorable response to PD-1 treatment in the low IL1RAP expression group. …”
Get full text