Trends in Air Pollution in Europe, 2000–2019 by Wenche Aas, Hilde Fagerli, Andres Alastuey, Fabrizia Cavalli, Anna Degorska, Stefan Feigenspan, Hans Brenna, Jonas Gliß, Daniel Heinesen, Christoph Hueglin, Adéla Holubová, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Augustin Mortier, Marijana Murovec, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Julian Rüdiger, David Simpson, Sverre Solberg, Svetlana Tsyro, Kjetil Tørseth, Karl Espen Yttri

“…A similar reduction for organic carbon is only seen in winter when primary anthropogenic sources dominate. …”
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A Large-Scale Agricultural Land Classification Method Based on Synergistic Integration of Time Series Red-Edge Vegetation Index and Phenological Features by Huansan Zhao, Chunyan Chang, Zhuoran Wang, Gengxing Zhao

“…This comprehensive framework successfully mapped 120,996 km² of agricultural land, differentiating winter wheat–summer maize rotation areas (39.44%), single-season crop fields (36.16%), orchards (14.49%), and facility vegetable fields (9.91%). …”
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Investigation of the spatial and temporal long-term hydro-climatic trends in Upper Omo Gibe Basin, Ethiopia by Eyasu Tafese Mekuria, Tamene Adugna Demissie, Fekadu Fufa Feyessa

“…In spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons the maximum significantly increasing trend (P < 0.05) of maximum temperature was 0.25 oC/year, 0.15 oC/year, 0.043 oC/year, and 0.082 oC/year respectively whereas the annual maximum significantly increasing trend was 0.083 oC/year. …”
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Multi-Feature Driver Variable Fusion Downscaling TROPOMI Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Approach by Jinrui Fan, Xiaoping Lu, Guosheng Cai, Zhengfang Lou, Jing Wen

“…Using the Random Forest (RF) model, we downscaled SIF data from 0.05° to 1 km based on invariant spatial scaling theory, focusing on the winter wheat growth cycle. Various machine learning models, including CNN, Stacking, Extreme Random Trees, AdaBoost, and GBDT, were compared, with Random Forest yielding the best performance, achieving R² = 0.931, RMSE = 0.052 mW/m²/nm/sr, and MAE = 0.031 mW/m²/nm/sr for 2018–2019 and R² = 0.926, RMSE = 0.058 mW/m²/nm/sr, and MAE = 0.034 mW/m²/nm/sr for 2019–2020. …”
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Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model by Jing Zhang, Li Wang, Gong Cheng, Liangliang Jia

“…Therefore, the planting of winter wheat after 22 years of apple planting should be considered to restore the soil water in the apple orchard to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in this area.…”
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Sources of PM2.5 exposure and health benefits of clean air actions in Shanghai by Yixuan Gu, Daven K. Henze, Hong Liao

“…A negative response of the PM2.5 exposure to local nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission changes is detected in winter. Even so, controlling NOx emissions is still justified since the negative impacts decrease as anthropogenic emissions decline and NOx emission reductions benefit the public health on average. …”
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Observed upper-ocean structure and seasonal production in the southern Kerguelen Plateau region, 1994-2021 by Man Liang, Annie Foppert, Annie Foppert, Karen J. Westwood, Karen J. Westwood, Sophie Bestley, Sophie Bestley

“…Below the mixed layer, Winter Water (WW) characteristics also vary across the observed latitudinal range; typically the temperature and thickness of the WW layer are inversely related, with warmer WW layers being thinner. …”
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The Impact of the Urban Heat Island Effect on Ground-Level Ozone Pollution in the Sichuan Basin, China by Xingtao Song, Haoyuan Shi, Langchang Jin, Sijing Pang, Shenglan Zeng

“…The results indicate the following: (1) O₃ concentrations in the Sichuan Basin exhibit distinct seasonal variations, with the highest levels in spring, followed by summer and autumn, and the lowest in winter. In terms of spatial variation, the overall distribution is highest in western Sichuan, second highest along the Sichuan River, and lowest in central Sichuan. (2) There are significant regional differences in UHII across Sichuan, with medium heat islands (78.63%) dominating western Sichuan, weak heat islands (82.74%) along the Sichuan River, and no heat island (34.79%) or weak heat islands (63.56%) in central Sichuan. …”
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Assimilating ESA CCI land surface temperature into the ORCHIDEE land surface model: insights from a multi-site study across Europe by L.-E. Olivera-Guerra, C. Ottlé, N. Raoult, P. Peylin

“…Upon identifying the optimal approach, we use ORCHIDAS to assimilate ESA CCI-LST data across 34 European sites provided by the Warm Winter database. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of assimilating 3 h CCI-LST data in ORCHIDEE over a single year in 2018, thereby improving the accuracy of simulated LST and fluxes. …”
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CO2 levels and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in public schools: A retrospective cohort study in Montreal (Canada) by Olivier Séguin, Dorra Ghorbal, Gabrielle Denault, Karine Trudeau, Patrick Poulin, Catherine Dea, Stéphane Perron

“…In response to concerns related to inadequate ventilation for students and staff, CO2 concentrations were measured in all of Montreal’s public elementary and high schools during winter of 2020–21. This study aims to evaluate the associations between ventilation system types, mid-class CO2 concentrations and SARS-CoV-2 transmission amongst Montreal's public school’s attendees during the 2020–2021 school year. …”
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Standardized Outcomes for Randomized Controlled Trials Targeting Early Interventions in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Protocol for the Development of a C... by Raphael Cinotti, Yvan Derouin, Amandine Chenet, Lydia Oujamaa, Bertrand Glize, Yoann Launey, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Emmanuelle Cartron, Melodie Renvoise, Benedicte Sautenet, Veronique Sebille

“…Step 5 is expected to occur during fall/winter 2026. Conclusions: Establishing a COS, to be consistently measured and reported in TBI trials in neurocritical care will ensure rigorous reporting, avoid bias, and improve the integrity, transparency, and usability of clinical research. …”
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Neuromuscular factors predicting lower limb explosive strength in male college sprinters by YanJin Li, QiaoFeng Guo, Jia Shao, YanMing Gan, YaJing Zhao, Yue Zhou, Yue Zhou

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Snow depth estimation on leadless landfast ice using Cryo2Ice satellite observations by M. Saha, J. Stroeve, J. Stroeve, D. Isleifson, J. Yackel, V. Nandan, V. Nandan, J. C. Landy, H. M. Lam

“…In regions such as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), leads are scarce in winter, posing a significant challenge to estimate snow depth from altimeters. …”
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Mega-events and the climate: what’s the game? by David Gogishvili, Martin Müller

“…Carbon footprint of the Winter and Summer Olympic Games from 2000 to 2026 [Dataset]. …”
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Western disturbances and climate variability: a review of recent developments by K. M. R. Hunt, K. M. R. Hunt, J.-P. Baudouin, A. G. Turner, A. G. Turner, A. P. Dimri, A. P. Dimri, G. Jeelani, Pooja, R. Chattopadhyay, R. Chattopadhyay, F. Cannon, T. Arulalan, T. Arulalan, M. S. Shekhar, T. P. Sabin, E. Palazzi

“…WDs are most common during the boreal winter (December to March), during which they bring the majority of precipitation – both rain and snow – to the western Himalaya, as well as to surrounding areas of north India, Pakistan, and the Tibetan Plateau. …”
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Breeding results for Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench in Moscow Province by I. N. Korotkikh, E. Yu. Babaeva, A. E. Burova

“…Breeding accessions demonstrated normal adaptability to regional conditions (duration of the growing season was 174–176 days, and winter hardiness reached 89–94%). Conclusion. Accession No. 1-09, the best according to a set of economically valuable and biological traits as the results of competitive variety trials have shown, has been submitted to the State Variety Trials as a new cultivar of E. purpurea under the name ‘Severyanka’.…”
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Peculiarities of the clinical picture and diagnosis of dirofilariasis in the maxillofacial area: a series of cases from practice by Kh.A. Buniatian, Yu.V. Khotimska, I.V. Kovach, Yu.Yu. Yaroslavska, O.V. Bondarenko, R.S. Nazaryan

“…Most patients sought help in the late autumn, winter and spring periods and only 2 people in the summer period. …”
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Season of conception and risk of hypertensive disorder during pregnancy by Yanxia Xie, Yi Mu, Peiran Chen, Yanping Wang, Xiaohong Li, Li Dai, Zheng Liu, Qi Li, Mingrong Li, Juan Liang, Jun Zhu

“…The conception date was estimated based on the delivery date and duration of gestation length, and the season of conception, were categorised as winter (December to February), spring (March to May), summer (June to August), and fall (September to November). …”
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Fossil and Non-fossil Fuel Sources of Organic and Elemental Carbonaceous Aerosol in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou: Seasonal Carbon Source Variation by Di Liu, Matthias Vonwiller, Jun Li, Junwen Liu, Sönke Szidat, Yanlin Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Yinjun Chen, Zhineng Cheng, Guangcai Zhong, Pingqing Fu, Gan Zhang

“…Although NF generated the primary share (> 55%) during autumn in all of the cities, the seasonal contributions of the sources differed by location during the rest of the year. During winter, FF emissions constituted the majority of the carbonaceous pollution (64%) in Beijing, probably as a result of increased coal combustion for heating. …”
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Development of new powdery mildew resistant lines in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) using induced mutagenesis and validation of resistance for the er1 and er2 gene through molecular... by Akhilesh Sharma, Devinder Kumar Banyal, Vinod Janardan Dhole, Bansuli, Ranbir Singh Rana, Rajesh Kumar, Prabhat Kumar, Nimit Kumar, Srishti, Arshia Prashar, Vivek Singh, Anoushka Sharma

“…The screening of 13,868 M2 progenies at Kukumseri (summer season) followed by M3 generation at Palampur (winter season) resulted in the isolation of six putative PM-resistant mutants. …”
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