Insights into the Genome Sequence of Chromobacterium amazonense Isolated from a Tropical Freshwater Lake by Alexandre Bueno Santos, Patrícia Silva Costa, Anderson Oliveira do Carmo, Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes, Larissa Lopes Silva Scholte, Jeronimo Ruiz, Evanguedes Kalapothakis, Edmar Chartone-Souza, Andréa Maria Amaral Nascimento

“…A repertoire of genes implicated in virulence, for example, hemolysin, hemolytic enterotoxins, colicin V, lytic proteins, and Nudix hydrolases, is present. …”
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Encapsulation of Beauveria bassiana conidia as a new strategy for the biological control of Aedes aegypti larvae by Ricardo de Oliveira Barbosa Bitencourt, Raymyson Rhuryo de Sousa Queiroz, Anderson Ribeiro, Yrexam Rodrigues de Souza Ribeiro, Marcela Santana Bastos Boechat, Aline Teixeira Carolino, Claudete Santa-Catarina, Richard Ian Samuels

“…Abstract The virulence of encapsulated fungal conidia against Aedes aegypti larvae was investigated. …”
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Prospects for the use of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> toxin in cancer therapy by A. P. Rodionov, S. V. Ivanova, E. A. Artemeva, L. A. Melnikova

“…Lethal factor is the main virulence factor of the anthrax pathogen, which is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease, the substrate for which is intracellular MAPK signaling pathways widely present in cancer cells. …”
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Dose and strain dependent lethality of Usutu virus in an Ifnar−/− mouse model by Johanna M. Duyvestyn, Eleanor M. Marshall, Peter J. Bredenbeek, Barry Rockx, Martijn J. van Hemert, Marjolein Kikkert

“…A Europe-2 strain showed an even higher virulence in this mouse model, compared to strains from Africa-3 and Europe-3 lineages—though this was not reflected in in vitro studies. …”
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<i>Trachemys scripta</i> Eggs as Part of a Potential In Vivo Model for Studying Sea Turtle Egg Fusariosis by María Martínez-Ríos, Laura Martín-Torrijos, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo

“…The pathogen showed high virulence properties (e.g., high disease incidence, severity, and low hatching success) and its ability to modify the pH in both the egg surface and culture media, confirming previously described fungal pathogen models. …”
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Genomic epidemiology and phenotypic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from atopic dermatitis patients in South China by Chao Yang, Xiaowei Chen, Min Li, Wenchang Yuan, Shunguang Li, Dexing Han, Junhui Feng, Haimin Luo, Minling Zheng, Jiaqi Liang, Cha Chen, Pinghua Qu, Song Li

“…ST188 exhibited high virulence and adhesion, possibly due to the cna gene. …”
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Pro-inflammatory interactions of streptolysin O toxin with human neutrophils in vitro by D. Joseph, A. J. Theron, C. Feldman, R. Anderson, G. R. Tintinger

“…The recent global resurgence of severe infections caused by the Group A streptococcus (GAS) pathogen, Streptococcus pyogenes, has focused attention on this microbial pathogen, which produces an array of virulence factors, such as the pore-forming toxin, streptolysin O (SOT). …”
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Dual RNA sequencing of a co-culture model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and human 2D upper airway organoids by Cayetano Pleguezuelos-Manzano, Wouter A. G. Beenker, Gijs J. F. van Son, Harry Begthel, Gimano D. Amatngalim, Jeffrey M. Beekman, Hans Clevers, Jeroen den Hertog

“…Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) coordinates virulence factor expression and biofilm formation at population level. …”
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Retrospective Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing Expands the Multicountry Outbreak Cluster of Listeria monocytogenes ST1247 by Mihkel Mäesaar, Rafael Mamede, Terje Elias, Mati Roasto

“…It was concluded that the persistent nature of the multicountry outbreak-related L. monocytogenes strain VLTRLM2013 together with stress island, virulence, and antibiotic resistance genes could potentially be the determining factors for the extensive and prolonged outbreak affecting five European Union countries. …”
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Severe Wound Infection with Photobacterium damselae ssp. damselae and Vibrio harveyi, following a Laceration Injury in Marine Environment: A Case Report and Review of the Literatur... by Jörg Hundenborn, Steffi Thurig, Mechthild Kommerell, Heike Haag, Oliver Nolte

“…The isolate tested positive for pPHDD1, a plasmid conferring high-level virulence. Furthermore, the wound was coinfected with Vibrio harveyi, a halophile bacterium, which has never been reported from human infections before. …”
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A multilayered regulatory network mediated by protein phosphatase 4 controls carbon catabolite repression and de-repression in Magnaporthe oryzae by Zhicheng Huang, Qing Wang, Yan Li, Pengyun Huang, Jian Liao, Jing Wang, Hui Li, Yingying Cai, Jiaoyu Wang, Xiaohong Liu, Fu-Cheng Lin, Jianping Lu

“…Here, we identify a serine/threonine protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, Pp4c, as essential for growth, conidiation, virulence, and the utilization of carbohydrates and lipids in Magnaporthe oryzae. …”
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Genomic characterization of Escherichia coli with a polyketide synthase (pks) island isolated from ulcerative colitis patients by Chao Lv, Mohd Abdullah, Chun-Li Su, Weiye Chen, Nan Zhou, Zile Cheng, Yiwen Chen, Min Li, Kenneth W. Simpson, Ahmed Elsaadi, Yongzhang Zhu, Steven M. Lipkin, Yung-Fu Chang

“…Virulome and resistome analyses revealed the0020preponderance of virulence genes and a reduced number of antimicrobial genes in pks + isolates. …”
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Elucidation of peptide screen for targeted identification of Yersinia pestis by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry by Priya Rani, Syed Imteyaz Alam, Sandeep Singh, Subodh Kumar

“…Additionally, 148 peptides were discovered from proteins of Y. pestis-specific plasmids and chromosomal-associated virulence markers. To validate this screen of 209 peptides, various concentrations of Y. pestis (ranging from 1.3 × 108 to 1.3 × 105 cfu) were spiked into garden soil. …”
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Accurate assembly of full-length consensus for viral quasispecies by Jia Tian, Ziyu Gao, Minghao Li, Ergude Bao, Jin Zhao

“…Reconstructing a robust consensus representation for these diverse mutant strains is essential for recognizing the genetic variations among strains and delving into aspects like virulence, pathogenesis, and selecting therapies. Virus genomes are typically small, often composed of only a few thousand to several hundred thousand nucleotides. …”
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A Unique Trinucleotide-Bloc Mutation-Based Two SARS-CoV-2 Genotypes with Potential Pathogenic Impacts by Mustak Ibn Ayub

“…Although some mutations provide benefits to the virus against human immune response, others may result in their reduced pathogenicity and virulence. By analyzing more than 3000 high-coverage, complete sequences deposited in the GISAID database up to April 2020, here I report the uniqueness of the 28881–28883: GGG > AAC trinucleotide-bloc mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 genome that results in two substrains, described here as SARS-CoV-2g (28881–28883: GGG genotype) and SARS-CoV-2a (28881–28883: AAC genotype). …”
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Mechanism of Action of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei HNU502 and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Alleviating Antibiotic Side Effects by CHEN Lin, LI Ao, LI Jiahe, ZHANG Zeng, ZHANG Jiachao

“…Moreover, the two approaches ameliorated the metabolic disorders of short-chain fatty acids, inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α as well as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and effectively reduced virulence factor enrichment. This study contributes to a better understanding of the link between human health and gut microbiota, and provides new therapeutic options for mitigating antibiotic side effects, which is of great significance for improving patients’ health status and quality of life.…”
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Cryptosporidiosis in a Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Disorder Perspective by Thivya Balendran, Devika Iddawela, Sajanee Lenadora

“…We analyzed reports on Cryptosporidium in immunocompromised patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), cancer, primary immunodeficiency, and organ transplant recipients. 134 Articles describing epidemiology, related risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and possible treatments in the light of pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and virulence factors of Cryptosporidium and immunology of the host are summarized in this study. …”
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Fertility, gestation outcome and parasite congenital transmissibility in mice infected with TcI, TcII and TcVI genotypes of Trypanosoma cruzi. by Sabrina Cencig, Nicolas Coltel, Carine Truyens, Yves Carlier

“…This study should encourage further investigations using other parasite strains and genotypes to explore the role of virulence and other factors, as well as the mechanisms of such effects on gestation and on the establishment of congenital infection.…”
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Aggressive Infection by K1/ST1265 Klebsiella pneumoniae Leading to Multiple Abscesses: Case Report and Literature Review by Chen L, Qiu C, Lu Y, Lin J, Xu L

“…K1/ST1265 hvKp exhibits exceptionally high virulence and invasiveness, necessitating broad awareness and vigilant monitoring.Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, liver abscess, prostate abscess, brain abscess, serotype K1, sequence type 1265…”
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In vitro photodynamic therapy of Candida albicans, the cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis, is enhanced by Bacillus and Enterococcus probiotics by Zeinab Ghanbari, Ali Makhdoumi

“…Methods: This study examines the combined effects of probiotics (Bacillus and Enterococcus isolated from the fermented pickles) and PDT (using red laser (655 nm, 18 J/cm2) as a light source and methylene blue dye (30 mg/mL) as a photosensitizer) on the in vitro virulence activity of C. albicans including growth, biofilm formation, antifungal resistance, biofilm elimination, and biofilm dispersion. …”
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