Leptospira and Inflammation by C. F. Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, P. Burth, A. R. Silva, M. Younes-Ibrahim, H. C. Castro-Faria-Neto, M. V. Castro-Faria

“…The recent sequencing of the Leptospira genome has increased our knowledge about this pathogen. Although the virulence factors, molecular targets, mechanisms of inflammation, and signaling pathways triggered by leptospiral antigens have been studied, some questions are still unanswered. …”
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First detection of recombinant variant of African swine fever virus in the Russian Federation (brief communication) by A. S. Igolkin, R. S. Chernyshev, N. G. Zinyakov, E. O. Morozova, A. R. Shotin, K. N. Gruzdev, I. A. Chvala, A. Mazloum

“…Zhao et al. reported on high virulence of the virus related variants as revealed by the challenge tests in domestic pigs. …”
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Novel mitochondrial-targeted alkyl chains act as fungal specific inhibitors of C. neoformans by Elizabeth S. M. Edrich, Luke Young, John Spencer, Andrew McGown, Anthony L. Moore, Campbell W. Gourlay

“…For example, C. neoformans possesses an Alternative Oxidase enzyme (Aox) that has been implicated in stress resistance and virulence that may represent a viable antifungal target. …”
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Helicobacter pylori CagA and IL-1β Promote the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in a Nontransformed Epithelial Cell Model by Haruki Arévalo-Romero, Isaura Meza, Gabriela Vallejo-Flores, Ezequiel M. Fuentes-Pananá

“…Gastric cancer is the third cause of cancer death worldwide and infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered the most important risk factor, mainly by the activity of its virulence factor CagA. H. pylori/CagA-induced chronic inflammation triggers a series of gastric lesions of increased severity, starting with gastritis and ending with cancer. …”
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The Response Regulator OmpR Negatively Controls the Expression of Genes Implicated in Tilimycin and Tilivalline Cytotoxin Production in <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> by Ramón G. Varela-Nájera, Miguel A. De la Cruz, Jorge Soria-Bustos, Carmen González-Horta, Ma Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea, Jorge A. Yáñez-Santos, María L. Cedillo, Hidetada Hirakawa, James G. Fox, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Miguel A. Ares

“…Our research highlights the pivotal role of OmpR, a key regulator within the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system, in controlling the virulence factors associated with <i>K. oxytoca</i>. …”
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A CRISPR-Cas9 system protecting E. coli against acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes by Danna Lee, Petra Muir, Sara Lundberg, August Lundholm, Linus Sandegren, Sanna Koskiniemi

“…However, one concern with the use of live bacteria is the risk of the bacteria acquiring genes encoding for AMR or virulence factors through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and the transformation of the probiotic into a superbug. …”
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Helicobacter pylori Infection in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Asian Countries by Su Jin Hong, Sang Woo Kim

“…The interactions between genetic factors and the virulence of H. pylori infection may be the reason for the low prevalence of GERD in Asian countries. …”
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Association of Lumican Gene with Susceptibility to Pathological Myopia in the Northern Han Ethnic Chinese by Fengju Zhang, Tingzhun Zhu, Zhongjun Zhou, Yudong Wu, Yang Li

“…Further studies are needed to confirm finally whether the two genes are the virulence genes of PM.…”
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Poly ADP-Ribosylation in a Plant Pathogenic Oomycete <i>Phytophthora infestans</i>: A Key Controller of Growth and Host Plant Colonisation by Viktoriya O. Samarskaya, Sofya Koblova, Tatiana Suprunova, Eugene A. Rogozhin, Nadezhda Spechenkova, Sofiya Yakunina, Andrew J. Love, Natalia O. Kalinina, Michael Taliansky

“…Using dsRNA-mediated RNA silencing of the PiPARP2 gene and chemical (pharmacological) inhibition of PARP activity by 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) PARP inhibitor, we demonstrate the critical functional role of ADP-ribosylation in <i>Phytophthora</i> mycelium growth. Virulence test on detached leaves also suggests an important role of ADP-ribosylation in <i>Phytophthora</i> host plant colonisation and pathogenesis. …”
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A Human/Murine Chimeric Fab Antibody Neutralizes Anthrax Lethal Toxin In Vitro by Guipeng Ding, Ximin Chen, Jin Zhu, Nicholas S. Duesbery, Xunjia Cheng, Brian Cao

“…Lethal factor (LF) is a component of lethal toxin (LeTx), which is the major virulence of anthrax toxin. A murine IgG monoclonal antibody (mAb) against LF with blocking activity (coded LF8) was produced in a previous study. …”
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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Mycovirus-Mediated Hypervirulence in <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Infecting <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> by Charalampos Filippou, Robert H. A. Coutts, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Sam El-Kamand, Alexie Papanicolaou

“…However, beauvericin, a mycotoxin capable of inducing oxidative stress at the molecular level, was expressed in all four isolates, indicating an important contribution to virulence against <i>T. molitor</i>. These observations suggest that detoxification of immune-related (oxidative) defenses and nutrient scouting, as mediated by these genes, occurs in mid-infection during the internal growth phase. …”
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Exception to the Rule: Genomic Characterization of Naturally Occurring Unusual Vibrio cholerae Strains with a Single Chromosome by Gary Xie, Shannon L. Johnson, Karen W. Davenport, Mathumathi Rajavel, Torsten Waldminghaus, John C. Detter, Patrick S. Chain, Shanmuga Sozhamannan

“…Many of the known cholera virulence factors are absent. The two origins of replication and associated genes are generally intact with synonymous mutations in some genes, as are recA and mismatch repair (MMR) genes dam, mutH, and mutL; MutS function is probably impaired in NSCV2. …”
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Biological Characteristics and Whole Genome Analysis of vB_VpP_3, a Bacteriophage against Multi-drug Resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus by LIU Qingqing, ZHANG Ming, YANG Wenjing, LIU Ke, LI Fan, LI Xuepeng, LI Jianrong, ZHANG Defu

“…Its genome was double-stranded linear DNA with a total length of 42 459 bp and a total GC content of 46.87% without any virulence or drug resistance genes. Conclusion: Bacteriophage vB_VpP_3 was highly safe and could be used for biological control of multi-drug resistant V. parahaemolyticus.…”
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The Genetic Structure of Wild Orobanche cumana Wallr. (Orobanchaceae) Populations in Eastern Bulgaria Reflects Introgressions from Weedy Populations by Rocío Pineda-Martos, Antonio J. Pujadas-Salvà, José M. Fernández-Martínez, Kiril Stoyanov, Leonardo Velasco, Begoña Pérez-Vich

“…The objective of this research was to investigate genetic diversity, population structure, and virulence on sunflower of O. cumana populations parasitizing wild plants in eastern Bulgaria. …”
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Molecular characterization of siderophore biosynthesis in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by Marielle Garcia Silva, Juliana Santana de Curcio, Mirelle Garcia Silva-Bailão, Raisa Melo Lima, Mariana Vieira Tomazett, Aparecido Ferreira de Souza, Vanessa Rafaela Milhomem Cruz-Leite, Nicolau Sbaraini, Alexandre Melo Bailão, Fernando Rodrigues, Maristela Pereira, Relber Aguiar Gonçales, Célia Maria de Almeida Soares

“…The obtained AsSidA strains displayed decreased siderophore biosynthesis in iron deprivation conditions and reduced virulence to an invertebrate model.…”
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Porphyromonas gingivalis affects neutrophil pro-inflammatory activities by Agnieszka Zimny, Alicja Płonczyńska, Alicja Płonczyńska, Wiktor Jakubowski, Natalia Zubrzycka, Natalia Zubrzycka, Jan Potempa, Jan Potempa, Maja Sochalska

“…Although gingipains are the major virulence factor of the pathogen, their role in impairing apoptosis and immune cell function is not fully understood. …”
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E. coli Sepsis: Red Flag for Colon Carcinoma—A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Hiren G. Patel, Seme Tabassum, Sohail Shaikh

“…E. coli strains B2 and D produce cyclomodulin toxins as part of their virulence, which interferes with the cell cycle regulation, promoting chromosomal instability, and increasing susceptibility to cancer. …”
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Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins A and E and Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Strains From Moroccan Broiler Chicken Meat by Sabrine Nacer, Saâdia Nassik, Fatima Zahra El Ftouhy, Sophia Derqaoui, Mohamed Mouahid, Mustapha Lkhider

“…This study is aimed at exploring the virulence genes in S. aureus responsible for producing enterotoxins (staphylococcal enterotoxin [SE] A [sea] and SE E [see]) and determining the prevalence of MRSA in raw broiler meat in the Casa-Rabat region in Morocco. …”
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Clinical and laboratory importance of detecting Helicobacter pylori coccoid forms for the selection of treatment by Nikita Gladyshev, Maria Taame, Viacheslav Kravtsov

“…Additionally, our results present a comparison of expression of virulence factors in coccoid and spiral forms of H. pylori.…”
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The role of epigenetics in plant pathogens interactions under the changing environments: A systematic review by Wenhao Wu, Guoqiang Fan

“…RNA methylation, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), adds another layer of regulation, controlling the stability and translation of transcripts involved in host immunity and pathogen virulence. The review highlights the co-evolutionary arms race between plants and pathogens, where pathogens manipulate host epigenetic machinery to suppress defenses, while plants deploy countermeasures to maintain immune resilience. …”
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