Isolation, Molecular Characterisation, and Pathogenicity Analysis of a Novel Recombinant ALV‐J Strain Isolated From Chinese Hetian Chickens by Tianyu Lei, Liyun Zhuang, Tingting Dai, Qun Niu, Yinli Bao, Weiming Lin, Cuiqin Huang, Xintian Zheng

“…Recombination with strain ev‐1 and specific 3′ UTR deletions may explain LY2021J's reduced virulence. Continued monitoring and prevention strategies are essential to mitigate ALV‐J's impact.…”
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Genome sequence and evaluation of safety and probiotic potential of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LC86 and Lacticaseibacillus casei LC89 by Ting Chen, Yunjiao Zhao, Yunjiao Zhao, Yixuan Fan, Yao Dong, Zhonghui Gai

“…The genomes of both LC86 and LC89 were devoid of virulence, antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity genes. …”
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Genetic Determinants and Biofilm Properties Useful in Estimation of UTI Pathogenicity of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from Free-Living Birds by Bartosz Rybak, Tomasz Jarzembowski, Agnieszka Daca, Beata Krawczyk, Lidia Piechowicz

“…<b>Conclusions</b>: In conclusion, the virulence of <i>E. coli</i> strains isolated from free-living birds is significant, and they can be considered environmental reservoirs of pathogenic strains. …”
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Leishmania mexicana: Novel Insights of Immune Modulation through Amastigote Exosomes by Laura Enedina Soto-Serna, Mariana Diupotex, Jaime Zamora-Chimal, Adriana Ruiz-Remigio, José Delgado-Domínguez, Rocely Buenaventura Cervantes-Sarabia, Adriana Méndez-Bernal, Alma Reyna Escalona-Montaño, María Magdalena Aguirre-García, Ingeborg Becker

“…The exosomes from Leishmania parasites contain an array of parasite molecules such as virulence factors and survival messengers, capable of modulating the host immune response and thereby favoring the infection of the host. …”
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Genomic insights into multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from Dhaka, Bangladesh by Sadia Ferdous, K M Shayerul Abedin Shayer, Afia Anjum, Sabbir R. Shuvo, Ishrat Jabeen, Kristi Paul Hridi, A.K.M. Imrul Hassan, Md Imran Khan, Mohammad Fazle Alam Rabbi, Mahmud Hossain, Kazi Nadim Hasan, Sohidul Islam

“…All the strains had relatively similar virulence profiles. Pan-genome analysis revealed 1944 core and 1302 unique genes. …”
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Evaluation of twin-arginine translocation substrate proteins as potential antigen candidates for serodiagnosis of brucellosis by Yao Wu, Yao Wu, Xin Yan, Mingjun Sun, Xiaohan Guo, Jiaqi Li, Xiangxiang Sun, Xiangxiang Sun, Mengda Liu, Mengda Liu, Haobo Zhang, Haobo Zhang, Wenlong Nan, Weixing Shao, Fangkun Wang, Xiaoxu Fan, Xiaoxu Fan, Shufang Sun

“…The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway is responsible for transporting folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane and has been implicated in the virulence of Brucella. Three Tat substrate proteins—L,D-transpeptidase ErfK (A0577), linear amide C-N hydrolase YxeI (A1479), and thioesterase domain-containing protein EntF (B0249)—contribute significantly to Brucella virulence. …”
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Mesalazine: a novel therapeutic agent for periodontitis via regulation of periodontal microbiota and inhibiting Porphyromonas gingivalis by Yuqi Wang, Yuqi Wang, Jun Ma, Haoyu Wang, Haoyu Wang, Jingzheng Yi, Yuxin Bai, Yuxin Bai, Min Hu, Min Hu, Jiaqing Yan, Jiaqing Yan

“…The antimicrobial mechanism was elucidated by assessing the expression of P. gingivalis virulence genes and by determining the disruptive effect on P. gingivalis cell membranes. …”
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Genomic analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains isolated in Malaysia by Hooi-Leng Ser, Loh Teng-Hern Tan, Jodi Woan-Fei Law, Vengadesh Letchumanan, Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib, Learn-Han Lee

“…Complementing with epidemiological and experimental studies, these findings allow better understanding the prevalence of certain types in Malaysia and permits further in-depth studies on the virulence and pathogenic mechanisms of these strains which is particularly critical to speed up the development of effective treatment regime. …”
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Exploration of Nitrate Reductase Metabolic Pathway in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis by Sintia Almeida, Cassiana Sousa, Vinícius Abreu, Carlos Diniz, Elaine M. S. Dorneles, Andrey P. Lage, Debmalya Barh, Vasco Azevedo

“…Findings about pathogen metabolism can contribute to the identification of relationship between nitrate reductase and the C. pseudotuberculosis pathogenicity, virulence factors, and discovery of drug targets.…”
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Propionate metabolism in a human pathogenic fungus: proteomic and biochemical analyses by Luiz Paulo Araújo Santos, Leandro do Prado Assunção, Patrícia de Souza Lima, Gabriel Brum Tristão, Matthias Brock, Clayton Luiz Borges, Mirelle Garcia Silva-Bailão, Célia Maria de Almeida Soares, Alexandre Melo Bailão

“…Therefore, fungi require a functional MCC for full virulence and the ability to metabolize propionyl-CoA is related to the virulence traits in Paracoccidioides spp. …”
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The transcriptional regulator Lrp activates the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of tilimycin and tilivalline enterotoxins in Klebsiella oxytoca by Miguel A. De la Cruz, Hilda A. Valdez-Salazar, Diana Rodríguez-Valverde, Santa Mejia-Ventura, Nayely Robles-Leyva, Tania Siqueiros-Cendón, Quintín Rascón-Cruz, Nancy León-Montes, Jorge Soria-Bustos, Fernando Chimal-Cázares, Roberto Rosales-Reyes, María L. Cedillo, Jorge A. Yañez-Santos, J. Antonio Ibarra, Javier Torres, Jorge A. Girón, James G. Fox, Miguel A. Ares

“…The transcriptional regulator Lrp (leucine-responsive regulatory protein) controls the expression of several bacterial genes involved in virulence. In this work, we have uncovered novel findings that have significant implications. …”
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The ArcB kinase sensor participates in the phagocyte-mediated stress response in Salmonella Typhimurium by Coral Pardo-Esté, Coral Pardo-Esté, Francisca Urbina, Nicolas Aviles, Nicolas Pacheco, Alan Briones, Carolina Cabezas, Vicente Rojas, Valentina Pavez, Yoelvis Sulbaran-Bracho, Yoelvis Sulbaran-Bracho, Alejandro A. Hidalgo, Juan Castro-Severyn, Juan Castro-Severyn, Claudia P. Saavedra

“…The ArcA transcription factor activates genes related to metabolism, membrane permeability, and virulence, and its presence is required for pathogenicity in Salmonella Typhimurium, which can be phosphorylated independently of its cognate sensor, ArcB. …”
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection of Quorum Sensing Activity in Multidrug Resistant Clinical Isolate Acinetobacter baumannii by Kok-Gan Chan, Huey Jia Cheng, Jian Woon Chen, Wai-Fong Yin, Yun Fong Ngeow

“…AHL-dependent QS is often associated with regulation of diverse bacterial phenotypes including the expression of virulence factors. With the use of biosensor and high resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, the AHL production of clinical isolate A. baumannii 4KT was studied. …”
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Effect of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant mutations on pathogenicity of clade 2.2 A/Turkey/15/06 (H5N1) influenza virus in ferrets. by Natalia A Ilyushina, Jon P Seiler, Jerold E Rehg, Robert G Webster, Elena A Govorkova

“…None of the recombinant H5N1 viruses had attenuated virulence in ferrets inoculated with 10(6) EID(50) dose. …”
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Avian Diseases Transmissible to Humans by Michael A. Davis, Gary D. Butcher, F. Ben Mather

“…The seriousness of the disease in humans varies with human hosts’ age, overall health, and immune status as well as virulence of the organism, infective dose, and route of infection. …”
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Avian Diseases Transmissible to Humans by Michael A. Davis, Gary D. Butcher, F. Ben Mather

“…The seriousness of the disease in humans varies with human hosts’ age, overall health, and immune status as well as virulence of the organism, infective dose, and route of infection. …”
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Subscapular Abscess Caused by Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus: An Atypical Presentation by Kamal Patel, Emma Spowart, Dana Sochorova, Nadia Diego, Georgios Mamarelis, Mohammad Zain Sohail

“…This strain due to its virulence can lead to fatal infections in otherwise healthy individuals; therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed to investigate with an MRI to rule out abscess formation in a patient with acute shoulder girdle pain and negative joint aspirate. …”
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When Ribonucleases Come into Play in Pathogens: A Survey of Gram-Positive Bacteria by Brian C. Jester, Pascale Romby, Efthimia Lioliou

“…We will give a current update of what is known about ribonucleases in the model Gram-positive organism Bacillus subtilis and will describe their established roles in virulence in several Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria that are imposing major health concerns worldwide. …”
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Porphyromonas gingivalis: Major Periodontopathic Pathogen Overview by Jaroslav Mysak, Stepan Podzimek, Pavla Sommerova, Yelena Lyuya-Mi, Jirina Bartova, Tatjana Janatova, Jarmila Prochazkova, Jana Duskova

“…This anaerobic bacterium is a natural member of the oral microbiome, yet it can become highly destructive (termed pathobiont) and proliferate to high cell numbers in periodontal lesions: this is attributed to its arsenal of specialized virulence factors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of one of the main periodontal pathogens—Porphyromonas gingivalis. …”
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A novel strain of Leishmania braziliensis harbors not a toti- but a bunyavirus. by Alexei Yu Kostygov, Danyil Grybchuk, Senne Heeren, Evgeny S Gerasimov, Donnamae Klocek, Aditya Reddy, Jovana Sádlová, Lenka Pacáková, Alain Kohl, František Stejskal, Petr Volf, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Vyacheslav Yurchenko

“…We suggest that these viruses may serve as potential factors of virulence in American leishmaniasis and encourage researchers to test leishmanial strains for the presence of not only LRVs, but also other RNA viruses.…”
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