Convergent evolution of oxidized sugar metabolism in commensal and pathogenic microbes in the inflamed gut by Sophia Levy, Angela K. Jiang, Maggie R. Grant, Gabriela Arp, Glory Minabou Ndjite, Xiaofang Jiang, Brantley Hall

“…Previously considered a pathogen virulence factor, oxidized sugar metabolism is also present in specific commensals and may contribute to their increased relative abundance in gastrointestinal inflammation.…”
Get full text

Within-host evolution of a transcriptional regulator contributes to the establishment of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection by Ning Zhou, Jingchen Yu, Xujiao Liu, Chengxi Li, Huang Tang, Lin Lyu, Chengwei Wu, Yana Chen, Jian Zhang, Jinjing Ni, Danni Wang, Jing Tao, Wenjuan Wu, Yu Zhang, Yun Feng, Yanjie Chao, Jie Lu, Ping He, Yu-Feng Yao

“…Overall, the mutation in gavR attenuates P. aeruginosa virulence and enhances innate immune evasion by reprogramming pyruvate metabolism and the glyoxylate cycle. …”
Get full text

Potential use of peptides mimicking CRAC/CARC domains as antivirulence therapies to inhibit RTX toxins activities by Vanesa Herlax

“…These efforts focus on inhibiting the virulence factors bacteria secrete to proliferate. …”
Get full text

Aspergillus fumigatus ctf1–a novel zinc finger transcription factor involved in azole resistance by Xiao Gong, Heng Zhang, Wenxu Cheng, Zhangxuan He, Tianyan Ma, Tian Chen, Yi Sun

“…Thus, our results on the function of ctf1 contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying A. fumigatus resistance and the factors associated with A. fumigatus virulence.…”
Get full text

Helicobacter pylori CagA promotes gastric cancer immune escape by upregulating SQLE by Sifan Liu, Nan Zhang, Xu Ji, Shuyue Yang, Zheng Zhao, Peng Li

“…Abstract Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a well-established risk factor for gastric cancer, primarily due to its virulence factor, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA). …”
Get full text

Combining Microarray Technology and Molecular Epidemiology to Identify Genes Associated with Invasive Group B Streptococcus by Lixin Zhang, Usha Reddi, Usha Srinivasan, Sheng Li, Stephanie M. Borchardt, Parvathy Pillai, Puja Mehta, Anne N. Styka, Joan DeBusscher, Carl F. Marrs, Betsy Foxman

“…Many bacterial species function as both commensals and pathogens; we used this dual nature to develop a high-throughput molecular epidemiological approach to identifying bacterial virulence genes. We applied our approach to Group B Streptococcus (GBS). …”
Get full text

A comprehensive review of mycoviruses infecting the plant pathogenic fungus Rosellinia necatrix by Sidra Hassan, Robert H. A. Coutts, Atif Jamal, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Ioly Kotta-Loizou

“…This article provides a comprehensive overview of mycoviruses infecting plant pathogenic fungus Rosellinia necatrix causing white root rot, including the prevalence of their occurrence, their taxonomic classification, their genomic organization and structure, impacts on their fungal host in terms of phenotype in general and virulence in particular, and their ecological interactions including transmission. …”
Get full text

Overview of Community-Acquired Pneumonia and the Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Immunopathogenesis of Severe Pneumococcal Disease by Helen C. Steel, Riana Cockeran, Ronald Anderson, Charles Feldman

“…Thereafter, the review is focused on the pneumococcus, specifically the major virulence factors of this microbial pathogen and their role in triggering overexuberant inflammatory responses which contribute to the immunopathogenesis of invasive disease. …”
Get full text

N-Acetylglucosamine Functions in Cell Signaling by James B. Konopka

“…For example, GlcNAc stimulates the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans to undergo changes in morphogenesis and expression of virulence genes. Pathogenic E. coli responds to GlcNAc by altering the expression of fimbriae and CURLI fibers that promote biofilm formation and GlcNAc stimulates soil bacteria to undergo changes in morphogenesis and production of antibiotics. …”
Get full text

Antimicrobial Activities of Stigmasterol from Piper crocatum In Vitro and In Silico by Seftiana Lestari, Dikdik Kurnia, Tri Mayanti, Leny Heliawati

“…However, the proteins precisely inhibited by stigmasterol compounds have not been identified as target proteins in the mechanism of action of stigmasterol as an oral antimicrobial agent or proteins involved in the virulence system of pathogenic oral microorganisms. …”
Get full text

Streptokinase is dispensable in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis infections of human dendritic cells by Katharina E. Folz, Nikolai Siemens

“…Abstract In recent years, increased numbers of severe Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) infections, including necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs), have been reported. One of the main virulence factors of SDSE is streptokinase (Ska). Ska promotes bacterial spread in the tissue through Ska-plasminogen interactions and subsequent activation of plasminogen to plasmin. …”
Get full text

African swine fever: one hundred years later by V. V. Makarov

“…In addition to the gaps mentioned in these conclusions and recommendations there are serious gaps in African swine fever immunology, namely in protective immunity mechanisms, virus-macrophage interaction, in vitro virus phenotypic  signs correlating with its virulence, etc. Evidently, it is hardly possible to expect development of anti-ASF vaccines and particularly the vaccines capable of preventing and effectively protecting against ASF epizooty according to the general understanding without addressing these issues.…”
Get full text

Molecular detection of pore-forming leuko toxin in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin infection by Sara A. Al-Ghazal, Huda H. Al-Hassnawi

“…Abstract Background: The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to cause disease has been attributed to an impressive spectrum of virulence factors. Objective: The study investigated molecular detection of pore-forming leuko toxin (Panton–Valentine leucocidin [PVL]) in S. aureus that is resistant to methicillin (MRSA) isolated from skin infections. …”
Get full text

Metabolomic analysis of murine tissues infected with Brucella melitensis. by Bárbara Ponzilacqua-Silva, Alexis S Dadelahi, Charles R Moley, Mostafa F N Abushahba, Jerod A Skyberg

“…Treatment of macrophages with GABA did not alter control of B. melitensis infection, and deletion of the putative GABA transporter BMEI0265 did not alter B. melitensis virulence. While glutaminolysis inhibition did not affect control of B. melitensis in macrophages, glutaminolysis was required for macrophage IL-1β production in response to B. melitensis. …”
Get full text

Gene Expression during Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Soil and Water by Ashley D. Duffitt, Robert T. Reber, Andrew Whipple, Christian Chauret

“…Cells incubated in soil microcosms for 14 days expressed genes for antibiotic resistance, biosynthesis, DNA replication and modification, metabolism, phages, transposons, plasmids, pathogenesis and virulence, antibiotic resistance, ribosomal proteins, the stress response, transcription, translation, and transport and binding proteins at significantly higher levels than cells grown in Luria broth. …”
Get full text

Type III Secretion System in Intestinal Pathogens and Metabolic Diseases by Le Zhou, Yaoyuan Zhang, Shiqi Wu, Yiyu Kuang, Pengfei Jiang, Xiao Zhu, Kai Yin

“…Although the T3SS is critical for the virulence of many important human pathogens, its relationship with metabolic diseases remains unknown. …”
Get full text

Insights from a Genome-Wide Study of <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i> UADEC20: A Promising Strain for Phosphate Solubilization and Exopolysaccharides Production by Edith Elizondo-Reyna, Humberto Martínez-Montoya, Yahaira Tamayo-Ordoñez, María Antonia Cruz-Hernández, Mauricio Carrillo-Tripp, María Concepción Tamayo-Ordoñez, Gerardo de Jesús Sosa-Santillán, José Antonio Rodríguez-de la Garza, Mario Hernández-Guzmán, Virgilio Bocanegra-García, Erika Acosta-Cruz

“…The comprehensive set of genes supporting phosphate solubilization, EPS synthesis, and secretion, along with its low virulence and antibiotic resistance levels, justify further research for its potential biotechnological application and possible use as a plant growth-promoting agent in the field. …”
Get full text

Association between microplastics and the functionalities of human gut microbiome by Bei Gao, Lixia Chen, Lizhi Wu, Shirui Zhang, Sunan Zhao, Zhe Mo, Zhijian Chen, Pengcheng Tu

“…Associations were found between microplastics and microbial species, as well as microbial genes encoding invasion-related virulence factors, quorum sensing, autoinducer and transporter system, and microplastic biodegradation enzymes. …”
Get full text

Shared mechanisms of enhanced plasmid maintenance and antibiotic tolerance mediated by the VapBC toxin:antitoxin system by Sarah Hollingshead, Gareth McVicker, Maria R. Nielsen, YuGeng Zhang, Giulia Pilla, Rebekah A. Jones, Jonathan C. Thomas, Sarah E. H. Johansen, Rachel M. Exley, Ditlev E. Brodersen, Christoph M. Tang

“…Here, we identified a clinical isolate of Shigella sonnei (CS14) with a remarkably stable pINV virulence plasmid; pINV is usually frequently lost from S. sonnei, but plasmid loss was not detected from CS14. …”
Get full text

Pathogenic potential of ornithogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains detected in the Earth's polar regions by Batyrbek I. Aslanov, Daniil V. Azarov, Maria A. Makarova, Elizaveta G. Marysheva, Lyudmila A. Kraeva, Aleksey S. Mokhov, Ekaterina A. Lebedeva, Nikita E. Goncharov, Natalya V. Lebedeva, Dmitry A. Starikov, Victoria V. Kolodzhieva, Dmitry E. Polev, Artemy E. Goncharov

“…All strains studied were characterized by the presence of extensive virulence. Among the pathogenicity factors identified were haemolysins A, E, F, siderophores, including the yersiniabactin gene cluster, a number of adhesion, colonization and invasion factors, as well as the thermostable enterotoxin EAST-1 and genes that characterize enteroaggregative strains of E. coli (the virulence regulator gene eilA and enteroaggregative protein (air)). …”
Get full text