Th2 cells and cytokine networks in allergic inflammation of the lung by Anthony J. Coyle, Shogo Tsuyuki

“…The cytokines released from Th2 and Th2-like cells are likely to be central to the pathophysiolgy of asthma and allergy, contributing to aberrant IgE production, eosinophilia and, perhaps, mucosal susceptibility to viral infection. IL-4 has emerged as a central target, not only for B cell IgE production, but also in the commitment of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to cells with Th2 effector function capable of secreting IL-5 resultlng in eosinophilic inflammation. …”
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The impact of immune cell interactions on virus quasi-species formation by Ali Moussaoui, Vitaly Volpert

“…The process of viral infection spreading in tissues was influenced by various factors, including virus replication within host cells, transportation, and the immune response. …”
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Crohn’s Disease – The Pathogenesis of a Granulomatous Vasculitis: A Hypothesis by Andrew J Wakefield

“…Dissatisfied with traditional approaches to studying the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, the author and colleagues proposed and developed the hypothesis that Crohn’s disease is a granulomatous vasculitis mediated by a persistent viral infection of the mesenteric microvascular endothelium. …”
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TLRs, Alcohol, HCV, and Tumorigenesis by Keigo Machida

“…Chronic liver damage caused by viral infection, alcohol, or obesity can result in increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). …”
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Diagnostic Dilemma of Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mimicking Hemophagocytosis Lymphohistiocytosis in Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis on Anti-TNF Therapy: Case Report and Review of... by Saurav Suman, Aleksander Lenert

“…However, these biologic DMARDs can lead to various opportunistic infections such as viral infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis. Furthermore, these biologics can also cause severe systemic inflammatory reactions known as hemophagocytosis lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) that can lead to multiorgan failure and high mortality. …”
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Remarkable Role of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Tryptophan Metabolites in Infectious Diseases: Potential Role in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases by Yuki Murakami, Masato Hoshi, Yukio Imamura, Yuko Arioka, Yasuko Yamamoto, Kuniaki Saito

“…This paper offers insights into new therapeutic strategies in the modulation of viral infection and several immune-related disorders.…”
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The immunoregulatory and allergy-associated cytokines in the aetiology of the otitis media with effusion by Marina G. Smirnova, John P. Birchall, Jeffrey P. Pearson

“…Inflammation in the middle ear mucosa, which can be provoked by different primary factors such as bacterial and viral infection, local allergic reactions and reflux, is the crucial event in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME). …”
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Personality traits of respondents with different attitudes towards the COVID-19 epidemic by Z. H. Каjtukova

“…The article reflects the results of an empirical study of the personality traits of respondents with different attitudes towards the spread of viral infection: significant positive and negative correlations between the types of attitudes towards the pandemic and respondents’ copping strategies, types of relationships and such personal characteristics as extraversion – introversion, attachment – alienation.…”
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The Occurrence and Diversity of Viruses Identified in Monocotyledonous Weeds by Evans Duah Agyemang, Rita Ofosu, Francesco Desiderio, Zsuzsanna Nagyne Galbacs, András Péter Takács, Éva Várallyay

“…Identifying plant viruses in monocotyledonous weed hosts provides more information about viral infection flow and guides the development of management strategies for safeguarding our field crops.…”
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Evidence of Peste des petits Ruminants’ Virus in Dromedary Camels in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2014 and 2016 by Maged Gomaa Hemida, Hussain Mohammed Al-Ghadeer

“…Infection with the Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a highly devastating viral infection of small ruminants. Dromedary camels live in close proximity of small ruminants in Arabian Peninsula (AP) and many other regions in the world. …”
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Repeated CMV Infection in a Heart Transplantation Patient by Josep Melero-Ferrer, Ignacio J. Sanchez-Lazaro, Amparo Navea-Tejerina, Luis Almenar-Bonet, Marino Blanes-Julia, Luis Martinez-Dolz, Antonio Salvador-Sanz

“…Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common viral infection during the first year after HTx, but it is more unusual after this time. …”
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Rhinovirus-Induced Exacerbations of Asthma and COPD by Marc B. Hershenson

“…Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has shown that, in patients with chronic airways disease, viral infection is the most common cause of exacerbation. …”
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Detection of fungal sequences in human brain: rDNA locus amplification and deep sequencing by Rodrigo Leitao, Iam Ut Wan, Harry Chown, Thomas J. Williams, Matthew C. Fisher, Johanna Rhodes

“…Links between bacterial and viral infection and AD/PD has been suggested in several studies, however, few have attempted to establish a link between fungal infection and AD/PD. …”
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A Mathematical Model For The Dynamics of Polio. by Owobusingye, Johnan

“…Poliomyelitis is a very contagious viral infection caused by poliovirus. Children are principally attacked. …”
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Dengue fever presenting with cerebellitis: A case report by Santhirasekaram Sathees, Deepa Amarasekara, Pubudu Jayasekara, Peumini Rajapakse, L.F. Sumaiya

“…Rationale: Dengue fever is a mosquito-bome viral infection, which commonly presents as an acute febrile illness. …”
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Procalcitonin in Infections by Maria Hatzistilianou

“…Thus, physicians need an early and rapid marker for detecting bacterial infection and distinguishing it from viral infection. Several studies revealed that elevated procalcitonin (PCT) levels in human blood could be detected in cases of sepsis and bacterial infection. …”
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A Mathematical Model for the Dynamics of Polio by Johnan, Owobusingye

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SERINC5 counters retroviruses and non-retroviruses by Jinghua Yu, Jinghua Yu, Jinghua Yu, Chunyu Liu, Xinglong Qu, Xinglin Gao, Yue Liu

“…SERINC5 (serine incorporator 5), a member of the serine incorporator family, has been identified as a retrovirus restriction factor that inhibits the fusion of virions with the plasma membrane, thus blocking the release of the viral core into target cells and subsequently attenuating viral infectivity. Several viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), murine leukemia virus (MLV), and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), have evolved mechanisms to antagonize the host protein SERINC5 through HIV Nef, MLV glycosylated Gag, and the EIAV S2 protein. …”
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Lassa Fever in Pregnancy: Report of 2 Cases Seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan by O. O. Bello, O. R. Akinajo, K. H. Odubamowo, T. A. O. Oluwasola

“…Lassa fever (LF), an acute viral haemorrhagic fever, is an endemic zoonotic viral infection in West Africa countries with up to 15% case fatality rate. …”
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The functions of herpesvirus shuttling proteins in the virus lifecycle by Huijun Cao, Huijun Cao, Huijun Cao, Huijun Cao, Huijun Cao, Mingshu Wang, Mingshu Wang, Mingshu Wang, Mingshu Wang, Mingshu Wang, Anchun Cheng, Anchun Cheng, Anchun Cheng, Anchun Cheng, Anchun Cheng, Bin Tian, Bin Tian, Bin Tian, Bin Tian, Bin Tian, Qiao Yang, Qiao Yang, Qiao Yang, Qiao Yang, Qiao Yang, Xumin Ou, Xumin Ou, Xumin Ou, Xumin Ou, Xumin Ou, Di Sun, Di Sun, Di Sun, Di Sun, Di Sun, Yu He, Yu He, Yu He, Yu He, Yu He, Zhen Wu, Zhen Wu, Zhen Wu, Zhen Wu, Zhen Wu, Xinxin Zhao, Xinxin Zhao, Xinxin Zhao, Xinxin Zhao, Xinxin Zhao, Ying Wu, Ying Wu, Ying Wu, Ying Wu, Ying Wu, Shaqiu Zhang, Shaqiu Zhang, Shaqiu Zhang, Shaqiu Zhang, Shaqiu Zhang, Juan Huang, Juan Huang, Juan Huang, Juan Huang, Juan Huang, YanLing Yu, Ling Zhang, Shun Chen, Shun Chen, Shun Chen, Shun Chen, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Mafeng Liu, Mafeng Liu, Mafeng Liu, Mafeng Liu, Dekang Zhu, Dekang Zhu, Dekang Zhu, Dekang Zhu, Renyong Jia, Renyong Jia, Renyong Jia, Renyong Jia, Renyong Jia

“…During viral infection, the transport of various proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm plays an important role in the viral lifecycle. …”
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