BACH2 in TRegs Limits the Number of Adipose Tissue Regulatory T Cells and Restrains Type 2 Immunity to Fungal Allergens by Amanda Contreras, Darin L. Wiesner, Brock Kingstad-Bakke, Woojong Lee, John P. Svaren, Bruce S. Klein, M. Suresh

“…Most strikingly, Treg-specific Bach2 deficiency resulted in enhanced fungal protease-induced Type 2 allergic inflammation in the lungs, with no detectable effects on Type 1 responses to systemic or respiratory viral infections. In summary, we ascribe vital roles for Bach2 in peripheral Tregs: as a transcriptional checkpoint to limit precocious differentiation into effector Tregs in lymphoid tissues and as a regulator of the functional program that restrains Type 2 but not Type 1 inflammation in lungs. …”
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Alternative splicing expands the antiviral IFITM repertoire in Chinese rufous horseshoe bats. by Nelly S C Mak, Jingyan Liu, Dan Zhang, Jordan Taylor, Xiaomeng Li, Kazi Rahman, Feiyu Chen, Siddhartha A K Datta, Kin Kui Lai, Zhengli Shi, Nigel Temperton, Aaron T Irving, Alex A Compton, Richard D Sloan

“…The unique IFITM repertoires in different species influence their resistance to viral infections, but the role of IFITMs in shaping the enhanced antiviral immunity of reservoir bat species is unclear. …”
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Problems with studying directional natural selection in humans by S. V. Mikhailova

“…The results obtained by various methods indicate that the direction of human adaptation to new food products has not changed during evolution since the Neolithic; many variants of immunity genes associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in modern populations have undergone positive selection over the past 2–3 thousand years owing to the spread of bacterial and viral infections. For some genetic variants and polygenic traits, an alteration of the direction of natural selection in Europe has been documented, e. g., for those associated with an immune response and cognitive abilities. …”
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Factors affecting heat resilience of drone honey bees (Apis mellifera) and their sperm. by Alison McAfee, Bradley N Metz, Patrick Connor, Keana Du, Christopher W Allen, Luis A Frausto, Mark P Swenson, Kylah S Phillips, Madison Julien, Zoe Rempel, Robert W Currie, Boris Baer, David R Tarpy, Leonard J Foster

“…To address this gap, we tested body mass, viral infections, and population origin as predictors of drone survival and sperm viability in a series of heat challenge assays. …”
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Altered Immune Regulation in Type 1 Diabetes by András Zóka, Györgyi Műzes, Anikó Somogyi, Tímea Varga, Barbara Szémán, Zahra Al-Aissa, Orsolya Hadarits, Gábor Firneisz

“…Genetic susceptibility, the impaired elimination of apoptotic β-cell remnants, altered immune regulatory functions, and environmental factors such as viral infections determine the outcome. Autoreactivity might exist under physiologic conditions and when the integrity of the complex regulatory process is damaged the disease might develop. …”
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The Characteristics and Clinical Analysis of Lorenz Plot of Neonatal Atrial Tachycardia by Fei Zheng, Tingting Yu, Xin Wei, Jie Wen, Hualian Li

“…It was demonstrated that the prevalence of cardiac structural abnormalities, viral infections, myocardial injury, and heart failure was significantly increased in the multifocal atrial tachycardia group. …”
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HIV and the Gut Microbiota, Partners in Crime: Breaking the Vicious Cycle to Unearth New Therapeutic Targets by Kishanda Vyboh, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Vikram Mehraj, Jean-Pierre Routy

“…However, this balance is disrupted in cases of chronic viral infections such as HIV. This virus is capable of drastically altering the immune system and gastrointestinal environment leading to significant changes to the gut microbiota and mucosal permeability resulting in microbial translocation from the gut into the peripheral blood. …”
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Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Patient with Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma by G. Hyun, K. J. Robbins, N. Wilgus, L. Grosso, S. D. Goyal

“…Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome that can be associated with inherited genetic mutations, malignancy, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections. Though the pathogenesis is not fully known, HLH is understood to be a reactive process in the setting of uncontrolled activation of macrophages, CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes, and other immune cells. …”
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Synergistic impacts of propargite exposure and deformed wing virus infection on the health of western honey bees by Chia-Yang Lin, Yu-Chun Lin, Yun-Heng Lu, Shiang-Jiuun Chen, Yu-Hsien Lin, Yao-Kuang Tseng, Yu-Tzu Lin, Yueh-Lung Wu, Rong-Nan Huang

“…This study aimed to elucidate the possible synergistic effects of chemical pesticides and viral infections. Our experiments demonstrated that the Varroa mite-borne deformed wing virus (DWV) by itself had a minimal impact on bees. …”
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Patient with Jaundice, Dyspnea and Hyperferritinemia after COVID-19 by V. R. Grechishnikova, P. E. Tkachenko, M. S. Zharkova, T. P. Nekrasova, V. T. Ivashkin

“…COVID-19 provokes the development of secondary HLH 10 times more often than other respiratory viral infections. The possibility of hemophagocytic syndrome development should be considered, including cases of overlap syndrome with sepsis, in patients with unresolved jaundice, hyperferritinemia after coronavirus infection. …”
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Behavior of liver cirrhosis at the "Arnaldo Milian Castro" Hospital from July 2007 to March 2009 by María Herminia Fajardo González, Merlyn Arce Nuñez, Yosvany Medina Garrido, Lisset Esteva Carral, Marcos Félix Osorio Pagola

“…<strong><br />Conclusion</strong>: cirrhosis has a high rate of incidence and prevalence mainly in the male sex due to the high consumption of alcohol and the viral infections that can be related. More comprehensive studies are needed to increase the amount of knowledge on this issue.…”
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RNA N4‐acetylcytidine modification and its role in health and diseases by Qiang Wang, Yixiao Yuan, Qiang Zhou, YingDong Jia, Jing Liu, GuangJun Xiao, Chunhong Li, Xiulin Jiang

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that ac4C plays a pivotal role in viral infections. Despite numerous studies highlighting the strong correlation between ac4C modification and cancer progression, its detailed roles and molecular mechanisms in normal physiological processes and cancer progression remain incompletely understood. …”
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Elevated Concentration of Defensins in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients by Ehab H. Mattar, Hussein A. Almehdar, Abdullah A. AlJaddawi, Isam ElDin M. Abu Zeid, Elrashdy M. Redwan

“…Defensins can be found in both normal and microbial infected patients, at variable concentrations. Notably, viral infections are often associated with elevated concentrations of defensins. …”
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Polymerase chain reaction for detection of some highly dangerous viral fish disease agents by A. S. Tarasova, A. V. Perchun, V. P. Melnikov

“…Diagnostics is of primary importance in the complex of measures to prevent the spread of viral infections in fish. To date, laboratory diagnostics of viral fish diseases is based on pathogen isolation and its identification using serological methods which require a lot of time and are performed only in large research institutes with specialized laboratories. …”
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Clinical efficacy studies of the vaccine against feline panleukopenia, calicivirus infection and viral rhinotracheitis Carnifel PCH in kittens by T. S. Galkina, A. A. Komarova, A. M. Kiselev

“…Viral infections in cats can cause serious diseases and even death. …”
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Trends and Associations of Chilblains Prevalence with Connective Tissue Diseases, Including COVID-19 Incidence by Argobi Y

“…However, their co-occurrence with autoimmune illnesses and viral infections, particularly COVID-19, has received increased attention. …”
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Production and characterization of nervous necrosis virus vaccine antigens in wild type and CRISPR/Cas9 genome edited Nicotiana benthamiana and edible crop lettuce Lactuca sativa by Iva Andrasevic, Hang Su, Espen Rimstad, Jihong Liu Clarke

“…Disease outbreaks cause more than 6 billion USD loss worldwide annually and possess high risks of spreading to the wild fauna especially by viral infections. Vaccination has been proved to be effective to mitigate these problems and widely used as prophylaxis in aquaculture, but available vaccines against viral nervous necrosis (VNN) are limited currently. …”
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The role of inflammasomes in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic insights by Valentina Arrè, Roberto Negro, Gianluigi Giannelli

“…Hepatocellular carcinoma is among the most frequent forms of primary liver cancer and develops within a context of chronic inflammation, frequently associated with a multitude of risk factors, including viral infections, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. …”
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Investigating the Impact of HTNV Infection on the Gut Microbiota of Wild-Type and NLRX1 Knockout Mice by Wenjie Sun, Yaxin Ding, Ziyu Liu, Shiyuan Hou, Danni Sun, Ruixue Ma, Huarui Kang, Xiaohan Ma, Jiayu Wang, Hongrui Mu, Yunhua Lv, Tianle Gu, Qikang Ying, Fang Wang, Xingan Wu, Rongrong Liu

“…It is becoming increasingly clear that maintaining the equilibrium of gut microbiota homeostasis during viral infections, such as Hantaan virus (HTNV), is of paramount importance. …”
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Adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2 during a persistent infection for 521 days in an immunocompromised patient by Hanno Schmidt, Lea Schick, Jürgen Podlech, Angélique Renzaho, Bettina Lieb, Stefan Diederich, Thomas Hankeln, Bodo Plachter, Oliver Kriege

“…Abstract Immunocompromised patients struggle to adequately clear viral infections, offering the virus the opportunity to adapt to the immune system in the host. …”
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