Both CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytes Participate in the IFN-γ Response to Filamentous Hemagglutinin from Bordetella pertussis in Infants, Children, and Adults by Violette Dirix, Virginie Verscheure, Françoise Vermeulen, Iris De Schutter, Tessa Goetghebuer, Camille Locht, Françoise Mascart

“…Infant CD4+ T-cell responses to bacterial infections or vaccines have been extensively studied, whereas studies on CD8+ T-cell responses focused mainly on viral and intracellular parasite infections. …”
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The Conservative Physiology of the Immune System. A Non-Metaphoric Approach to Immunological Activity by Nelson M. Vaz, Gustavo C. Ramos, Vitor Pordeus, Claudia R. Carvalho

“…Historically, immunology emerged as a biomedical science, concerned with host defense and production of anti-infectious vaccines. In the late 50s, selective theories were proposed and from then on, immunology has been based in a close association with the neo-Darwinian principles, such as random generation of variants (lymphocyte clones), selection by extrinsic factors (antigens)—and, more generally, on genetic determinism and functionalism. …”
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Optimization of Conditions for Production of Soluble <i>E. coli</i> Poly(A)-Polymerase for Biotechnological Applications by Igor P. Oscorbin, Maria S. Kunova, Maxim L. Filipenko

“…In vitro, PAP 1 is used to prepare libraries for RNAseq and to produce mRNA vaccines. However, <i>E. coli</i> PAP 1’s toxicity and instability in low-salt buffers complicate its expression and purification. …”
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Changing Landscape of Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis and Implication on Public Health by John Allonce, Mohammed Ahsan, Angelina Browne, Rebecca Witherell, Mark Rasnake

“…With the increasing prevalence of NTHi and its increase in invasive patterns, it is crucial to implement vaccination strategies and develop new vaccines targeting NTHi.…”
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Pangenome Analysis of Helicobacter pylori Isolates from Selected Areas of Africa Indicated Diverse Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes by Biigba Yakubu, Edwin Moses Appiah, Andrews Frimpong Adu

“…The challenge facing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection management in some parts of Africa is the evolution of drug-resistant species, the lack of gold standard in diagnostic methods, and the ineffectiveness of current vaccines against the bacteria. It is being established that even though clinical consequences linked to the bacteria vary geographically, there is rather a generic approach to treatment. …”
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Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Martín Brizuela, María Carolina Palermo, Tomás Alconada, María Macarena Sandoval, Eugenia Ramirez Wierzbicki, Joaquín Cantos, Paula Gagetti, Agustín Ciapponi, Ariel Bardach, Silvina Ruvinsky

“…<h4>Objectives</h4>To estimate the pneumococcal nasopharyngeal burden in all age groups in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) before, during, and after the introduction of pneumococcal vaccine conjugate (PVC).<h4>Methods</h4>Systematic literature review of international, regional, and country-published and unpublished data, together with reports including data from serotype distribution in nasopharyngeal carriage in children and adults from LAC countries following Cochrane methods. …”
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hpvPDB: An Online Proteome Reserve for Human Papillomavirus by Satish Kumar, Lingaraja Jena, Sangeeta Daf, Kanchan Mohod, Peyush Goyal, Ashok K. Varma

“…Affluent information in this reserve could be of help for researchers involved in structural virology, cancer research, drug discovery, and vaccine design.…”
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Alternative treatment methods for bovine mastitis: prospects and limitations (review) by V. D. Zubareva, O. V. Sokolova, M. V. Bytov, A. S. Krivonogova, S. V. Volskaya

“…This review describes the following alternative remedies: probiotics, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, phage enzymes (endolysins), nanoparticles, plant extracts, essential oils and immunobiological agents (vaccines). Understanding the mechanisms of their action will allow recommending the best treatment option for mastitis in each specific case. …”
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Retroviral and Lentiviral Vectors for the Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Inès Dufait, Therese Liechtenstein, Alessio Lanna, Christopher Bricogne, Roberta Laranga, Antonella Padella, Karine Breckpot, David Escors

“…They have been used for some time for gene therapy and the development of gene vaccines. Recently retroviral and lentiviral vectors have been used to generate tolerogenic dendritic cells, key professional antigen presenting cells that regulate immune responses. …”
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A stumbling block in pancreatic cancer treatment: drug resistance signaling networks by Jinming Liu, Biao Zhang, Bingqian Huang, Kexin Zhang, Fujia Guo, Zhizhou Wang, Dong Shang, Dong Shang

“…Targeted matrix therapy, targeted metabolic therapy, targeted mutant gene therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, cancer vaccines, and other emerging therapies have shown great therapeutic potential, but results have been disappointing. …”
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Development and characterization of a reverse genetics system for the lineage II Chicava strain of Machupo virus in a guinea pig model. by Emily Mantlo, Junki Maruyama, John T Manning, Rachel A Reyna, Cheng Huang, Slobodan Paessler

“…<h4>Background</h4>Machupo virus (MACV) is a New World mammarenavirus (hereafter referred to as "arenavirus") and the etiologic agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF). No vaccine or antiviral therapy exists for BHF, which causes up to 35% mortality in humans. …”
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Seroprevalence Study of Dengue at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan by Ashina Singla, Afreen Ali, Himanshi Galav, Ved Prakash Mamoria

“…In the absence of specific treatments and vaccines for dengue fever (DF), vector control is the only method by which the spread of dengue can be prevented. …”
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The Efforts to Implement a Malaria Elimination Strategy in The Highly Endemic Malaria Region of Papua Province, Indonesia by Erni Juwita Nelwan

“…Indonesia has recently completed a malaria vaccine trial, the IDSPZV1, which included the PfSPZ Vaccine and PfSPZ-CVac (CQ), conducted among soldiers deployed to Papua Province, New Guinea, for 10 months. …”
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Multiple outbreaks for the same pandemic: Local transportation and social distancing explain the different 'waves' of A-H1N1pdm cases observed in México during 2009 by Marco Arieli Herrera-Valdez, Maytee Cruz-Aponte, Carlos Castillo-Chavez

“…The limited impact of the late arrival of the vaccine is also analyzed.…”
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A Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Recombinant Human Insulin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by B. A. Moussa, F. Farouk, H. M. E. Azzazy

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Artificial intelligence-driven rational design of ionizable lipids for mRNA delivery by Wei Wang, Kepan Chen, Ting Jiang, Yiyang Wu, Zheng Wu, Hang Ying, Hang Yu, Jing Lu, Jinzhong Lin, Defang Ouyang

“…Abstract Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have proven effective in mRNA delivery, as evidenced by COVID-19 vaccines. Its key ingredient, ionizable lipids, is traditionally optimized by inefficient and costly experimental screening. …”
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4-Aminoquinoline as a privileged scaffold for the design of leishmanicidal agents: structure–property relationships and key biological targets by Angel H. Romero, Francisco Delgado

“…At the moment, there are neither approved vaccines nor effective drugs for the treatment of human leishmaniasis for any of its three typical clinical manifestations, and, importantly, the drugs of clinical use have several side effects, require complex administration regimens, present high cost, and are ineffective in many populations due to pathogen resistance. …”
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Changes in the Profile of Antibiotic Prescriptions by Dentists in Brazil during the Pandemic by Fernando de Sá Del Fiol, Isaltino Pereira de Andrade-Jr, Marcus Tolentino da Silva, Silvio Barberato-Filho, Luciane Cruz Lopes, Cristiane de Cassia Bergamaschi

“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, people worldwide, including the scientific community, were insecure and fearful. The lack of vaccines at the beginning of the pandemic and the high mortality rate led to a search for alternative treatments for COVID-19. …”
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Interaction of toll-like receptors and ACE-2 with different variants of SARS-CoV-2: A computational analysis by Azadeh Zahmatkesh, Elham Salmasi, Reza Gholizadeh

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Single cell RNA sequencing improves the next generation of approaches to AML treatment: challenges and perspectives by Zahra Khosroabadi, Samaneh Azaryar, Hassan Dianat-Moghadam, Zohreh Amoozgar, Mohammadreza Sharifi

“…Generated data of the transcriptional profile of the AML could even allow the development of cancer vaccines and CAR T-cell therapies while saving valuable time and alleviating dangerous side effects of chemotherapy and HSCT in vivo. …”
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