Evaluating the controlled reopening of nightlife during the COVID-19 pandemic: a matched cohort study in Sitges, Spain, in May 2021 (Reobrim Sitges) by Mercè Marzo-Castillejo, Joan Colom, Betlem Salvador-González, Josep Basora, Oriol Cunillera Puértolas, Sara Contreras-Martos, Darío López Gallegos, Mateo Acedo Anta, Jesús Almeda Ortega

“…A control group was paired by exact age, gender, residence municipality, socioeconomic index, previous SARS-CoV-2-confirmed infection and vaccination status, in a 1:5 ratio, from the primary care electronic health records.Primary outcome Evidence of infection at electronic health records by SARS-CoV-2 at 14-day follow-up.Results Among the 391 participants (median age 37 years; 44% (n=173) women), no positive SARS-CoV-2 cases were detected at 14 days, resulting in a cumulative incidence estimation of 0 (95% CI 0 to 943) per 100 000 inhabitants. …”
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Azithromycin to prevent acute lower respiratory infections among Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children (PETAL trial): study protocol for a multicentre, int... by Anne B Chang, Keith Grimwood, Yuejen Zhao, Gabrielle B McCallum, Catherine A Byrnes, Heidi Smith-Vaughan, Peter S Morris, Christine Connors, Adrian Trenholme, Shirley Lawrence, Joshua Francis, Kobi L Schutz, Mark D Chatfield, Nevio Sarmento, Robyn L. Marsh, Emily R Bowden, Nicholas Fancourt, Adriano Vieira, Kim M Hare, Dennis Bonney, Felicity Marwick, Bronwyn Karvonen, Carolyn Maclennan, Milena Santos Lay, Endang Soares da Silva

“…Despite the high burden and long-term consequences of severe ALRIs, clinical, evidence-based and feasible interventions (other than vaccine programmes) that reduce ALRI hospitalisations in children are limited. …”
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Evaluating the Efficacy of a Serious Game to Deliver Health Education About Invasive Meningococcal Disease: Clustered Randomized Controlled Equivalence Trial by Lauren Bloomfield, Julie Boston, Martin Masek, Lesley Andrew, Donna Barwood, Amanda Devine

“… BackgroundInvasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a serious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease that can be life-threatening. …”
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Seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels and humans in the Al-Qassim region of Saudi Arabia and its implications for public health by Abdulaziz M. Almuzaini, Abdullah S. M. Aljohani, Ahmed I. Alajaji, Ayman Elbehiry, Adil Abalkhail, Abdulrahman Almujaidel, Sahar N. Aljarallah, Hazem R. Sherif, Eman Marzouk, Abdelmaged A. Draz

“…Additionally, studies should differentiate between vaccinated and nonvaccinated camels, and standardizing serological tests for diagnosing brucellosis should be prioritized.…”
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Comparison of clinical and virological features in pediatric and adult dengue cases at Insein General Hospital during Myanmar’s 2022 dengue season by Htin Lin, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Yin Mon Wint Zin, Khin Theingi Myint, Win Kay Khine, Khine Mya Nwe, Aye Aye Thant, Thin Thin Shwe, Win Mar, Khin Sandar Aye, Khaing Moe Aung, Yuki Takamatsu, Wah Wah Aung, Yi Yi Kyaw, Takeshi Urano, Kouichi Morita, Hlaing Myat Thu

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Extracellular vesicles from fifth-stage larval Angiostrongylus cantonensis upregulate cholesterol biosynthesis and suppress NLRP2-associated inflammatory responses in mouse astrocy... by Chien-Ju Cheng, Lian-Chen Wang, Lichieh Julie Chu, Kuang-Yao Chen, Ching-Yun Huang, Kuo-Lun Lan, Kuo-Yang Huang

“…This study highlights the immunomodulatory roles of L5 EVs in non-permissive hosts, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets and vaccine candidates against A. cantonensis.…”
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IL-2-armored peptide-major histocompatibility class I bispecific antibodies redirect antiviral effector memory CD8+ T cells to induce potent anti-cancer cytotoxic activity with lim... by John S. Schardt, Even Walseng, Kim Le, Chunning Yang, Pooja Shah, Ying Fu, Kausar Alam, Cathryn R. Kelton, Yu Gu, Fengying Huang, Jia Lin, Wenhai Liu, Andrew Dippel, Hanzhi Zhang, Kathy Mulgrew, Stacy Pryts, Vijaykumar Chennupati, Hung-Chang Chen, Jessica Denham, Xiaoru Chen, Pallab Pradhan, Yuling Wu, Colin Hardman, Chihao Zhao, Michael Kierny, Yang Song, Simon J. Dovedi, Saso Cemerski, Yariv Mazor

“…Overall, IL-2-armored GPS represents an attractive approach for treating cancer with the potential for inducing vaccine-like antiviral T cell expansion, immune cell redirection as a TCE, and significantly widened TI due to reduced cytokine release.…”
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Exploring the role of ESR1 mutations in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer T cell immune surveillance disruption by Morgane Lopez, Laurie Spehner, Fabrice André, Julien Viot, Evan Seffar, Amélie Marguier, Elsa Curtit, Guillaume Meynard, Erion Dobi, Sylvain Ladoire, Romain Boidot, Romain Loyon, Valentin Derangere, François-Clément Bidard, Christophe Borg, Laura Mansi, Marie Kroemer

“…Then the immunogenicity of ESR1-derived peptides was assessed in Peripheral-Blood-Mononuclear-Cells from 31 healthy donors (HD) and 25 patients with metastatic HR-positive BC by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. A vaccination assay on a humanized mouse model (HLA-A2/DR1) was used to validate the immunogenicity and the presentation of these peptides. …”
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Deciphering the functional roles of PE18 and PPE26 proteins in modulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis and immune response by Aquib Ehtram, Mohd Shariq, Neha Quadir, Neha Quadir, Salma Jamal, Manjunath Pichipalli, Sheeba Zarin, Sheeba Zarin, Javaid Ahmad Sheikh, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham, Seyed E. Hasnain, Seyed E. Hasnain

“…The ability of PE18 and PPE26 to induce effector T-cell responses highlights their potential as targets for host-directed therapies or vaccine development against TB. Further studies focusing on their structure-function relationships and interactions with host proteins could accelerate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.…”
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Knowledge, attitude, and perception of Pakistani populations toward monkeypox: a cross-section study by Humayun Yousaf, Abdul Qadeer, Muhammad Sohail, Maqbool Khan, Muhammad Farooq, Zakir Khan, Dalia Fouad, Yu-Chia Liu, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen, Chien-Chin Chen

“…Around more than half of the participants, 52.64% (1824), believe that those who receive the chickenpox vaccination are protected against Mpox. It’s interesting to note that most research participants felt favorably about Mpox. …”
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Incidence and predictors of respiratory tract infections among birth cohorts in Ethiopia, 2023 by Fekade Demeke Bayou, Mastewal Arefaynie, Anissa Mohammed, Abiyu Abadi Tareke, Awoke Keleb, Natnael Kebede, Yawkal Tsega, Bayu Hailemariam Mersha, Abel Endawkie, Shimels Derso Kebede, Kaleab Mesfin Abera, Eyob Tilahun Abeje, Ermias Bekele Enyew, Chala Daba, Lakew Asmare

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Co-infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza A/B among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Monireh Golpour, Hossein Jalali, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Masoumeh Rezaei Talarposhti, Tahoora Mousavi, Ali Asghar Nadi Ghara

“…In this approach, high vaccination coverage against seasonal influenza and SARS-CoV-2 could reduce the risk of co-infection in the recent pandemic.…”
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Chemical Synthesis, Efficacy, and Safety of Antimalarial Hybrid Drug Comprising of Sarcosine and Aniline Pharmacophores as Scaffolds by Jean Baptiste Niyibizi, Peter G. Kirira, Francis T. Kimani, Fiona Oyatsi, Joseph K. Ng’ang’a

“…Currently, there is no effective vaccine for malaria control. In addition, although there are effective drugs for treatment of malaria, this could be lost to the drug resistance in different Plasmodium species. …”
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Placental malaria infection is associated with downregulation of STAT-6 and ANG-1 in decidual macrophages by Fred Owino, Fred Owino, Fred Owino, Caroline Kijogi, Caroline Kijogi, Caroline Kijogi, Omu Anzala, Omu Anzala, Edwin Walong, Obiero Jael, Steven G. Nyanjom, Agola Lelo Eric, Bernard N. Kanoi, Bernard N. Kanoi, Jesse Gitaka, Jesse Gitaka

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Policy brief: Optimising antimicrobial usage in paediatric inpatient hospital settings by J Cloete, M Karsas, T Chetty, A Pillay, M Archary, D Moore, T Reddy, Y Balakrishna, F Nakwa, R Lancaster, A Goga, P Jeena

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Population genetic analysis of clinical Mycobacterium abscessus complex strains in China by Xiangchen Li, Xiangchen Li, Yelei Zhu, Yewei Lu, Kunyang Wu, Yang Che, Xiaomeng Wang, Weixin Wang, Junli Gao, Junshun Gao, Zhengwei Liu, Zhengwei Liu, Zhuxian Zhou

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Advancing poliovirus eradication: lessons learned from piloting direct molecular detection of polioviruses in high-risk and priority geographies by Paula L. Marcet, Brandon Short, Ashley Deas, Hong Sun, Chelsea Harrington, Shahzad Shaukat, Muhammad Masroor Alam, Marycelin Baba, Adedayo Faneye, Prossy Namuwulya, Lea Necitas Apostol, Tamer Elshaarawy, John Kofi Odoom, Peter Borus, Shelina Moonsamy, Yogolelo Riziki, Marie Claire Endegue Zanga, Mesfin Tefera, Anfumbom K. W. Kfutwah, Salmaan Sharif, Varja Grabovac, Cara C. Burns, Nancy Gerloff

“…A multi-laboratory demonstration project was conceived to field-test the DD-ITD method by GPLN laboratories from the WHO African, Western Pacific, and Eastern Mediterranean regions, where wild serotype 1 or vaccine-derived polioviruses still circulate. Strategically selected laboratories were tasked to simultaneously process stool suspensions with the current gold-standard VI method and the new DD-ITD strategy. …”
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Antiviral efficacy of fluoxetine in early symptomatic COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial (PLATCOV)Research in context by Podjanee Jittamala, Simon Boyd, William H.K. Schilling, James A. Watson, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Tanaya Siripoon, Viravarn Luvira, Elizabeth M. Batty, Phrutsamon Wongnak, Lisia M. Esper, Pedro J. Almeida, Cintia Cruz, Fernando R. Ascencao, Renato S. Aguiar, Najia K. Ghanchi, James J. Callery, Shivani Singh, Varaporn Kruabkontho, Thatsanun Ngernseng, Jaruwan Tubprasert, Wanassanan Madmanee, Kanokon Suwannasin, Amornrat Promsongsil, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, Kittiyod Poovorawan, Manus Potaporn, Attasit Srisubat, Bootsakorn Loharjun, Walter R.J. Taylor, Farah Qamar, Abdul Momin Kazi, M. Asim Beg, Danoy Chommanam, Sisouphanh Vidhamaly, Kesinee Chotivanich, Mallika Imwong, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas P.J. Day, Mauro M. Teixeira, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, Nicholas J. White

“…All patients had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose and 67% were female (182/271). In the primary analysis, viral clearance rates following fluoxetine were compatible with a small or no increase relative to the no study drug arm (15% increase; 95% credible interval (CrI): −2 to 34%). …”
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Hepatitis B and C Viruses’ Infection and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Hospitals in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia by Mulat Dagnew, Yihenew Million, Mucheye Gizachew, Setegn Eshetie, Gashaw Yitayew, Lakachew Asrade, Mulat Adefris, Feleke Moges, Moges Tiruneh

“…Thus, the provision of health education on hepatitis B and C viruses’ transmission, vaccination, and screening of all pregnant women routinely are essential for the prevention of these viruses.…”
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Individual and community level factors associated with household level food insecurity of Ethiopia: multilevel mixed effects analysis of 2021 Performance Monitoring for Action Ethi... by Eyob Ketema Bogale, Tadele Fentabel Anagaw, Misganaw Guadie Tiruneh, Eneyew Talie Fenta, Destaw Endeshaw, Ousman Adal, Abiyu Abadi Tareke, Natnael Kebede, Amare Mebrat Delie

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