An Overview on The Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak by Mariwan Abdulla Hama Salih

“…At the moment nothing can stop the virus from spreading, neither vaccine nor medicines were found to stop the virus and secure life of people of the planet.  …”
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Calreticulin as an Adjuvant In Vivo to Promote Dendritic Cell Maturation and Enhance Antigen-Specific T Lymphocyte Responses against Melanoma by Zheng Gong, Ming Chen, Jie Miao, Chao-Jie Han, Qiao Zhong, Fang-Yuan Gong, Xiao-Ming Gao

“…Our results demonstrate that CRT/39-272 can be used as a potential new adjuvant for tumor vaccines, and this finding may be useful in tumor vaccine development.…”
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Identification of CTL Epitopes on Efflux Pumps of the ATP-Binding Cassette and the Major Facilitator Superfamily of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Yan Lin, Yu Dong, Yanfeng Gao, Ranran Shi, Yubing Li, Xiuman Zhou, Wenwen Liu, Guodong Li, Yuanming Qi, Yahong Wu

“…The epitopes identified here provide a foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of patients infected with drug resistant and the future development of a multiepitope vaccine.…”
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Dengue severity by serotype and immune status in 19 years of pediatric clinical studies in Nicaragua. by Federico Narvaez, Carlos Montenegro, Jose G Juarez, José Victor Zambrana, Karla Gonzalez, Elsa Videa, Sonia Arguello, Fanny Barrios, Sergio Ojeda, Miguel Plazaola, Nery Sanchez, Daniel Camprubí-Ferrer, Guillermina Kuan, Gabriela Paz Bailey, Eva Harris, Angel Balmaseda

“…<h4>Conclusions</h4>These findings demonstrate differences in dengue severity by serotype and immune status and emphasize the critical need for a dengue vaccine with balanced effectiveness against all four serotypes, particularly as existing vaccines show variable efficacy by serotype and serostatus.…”
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Adaptation and Molecular Characterization of Two Malaysian Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Isolates Adapted in BGM-70 Cell Line by Nafi’u Lawal, Mohd Hair-Bejo, Siti Suri Arshad, Abdul Rahman Omar, Aini Ideris

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Emerging Norovirus GII.12 infection in 2010 in Northern Taiwan by Chi-Neu Tsai, Yu-Chung Chang, Hsun-Ching Chao, Yi-Hsiang Hsu, Yuan-Hung Wang, Shih-Yen Chen

“…Norovirus (NoV) has been an emerging pathogen of enteric infections in the post-rotavirus vaccine era. GII.4 have played a major role in NoV infections while other genotypes were reported in sporadic outbreaks. …”
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Twitter (X) and the Commercial Determinants of Health: Characterizing the Most Amplified, Influential, and Connected Voices Driving Twitter Discourse About Tobacco Regulatory Polic... by Nathan A. Silver, Miao Feng, Elexis C. Kierstead, Hy Tran, Steven Binns, Sherry Emery, Barbara A. Schillo

“…We sampled the 100 most followed, amplified (retweets), influential (H index), and connected (betweenness centrality) users at three different time periods: pre-COVID (September 2019 to February 2020), COVID lockdown (March 2020 to March 2021), and post vaccine rollout (April to July 2021) to characterize top users. …”
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Immunological Responses and Epitope Mapping by Tuberculosis-Associated Antigens within the RD1 Region in Japanese Patients by Hideaki Nagai, Maho Suzukawa, Yumi Sakakibara, Ken Ohta, Pedro A. Reche, Koichi Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hoshino

“…Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem worldwide, and hence there is a need for novel vaccines that better induce cellular-mediated immunity (CMI). …”
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Measles neutralising antibody levels in patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin treatment - a sub-analysis of a randomized, cross-over bioequivalence trial. by Vatsala Rajendram, Martyn Paddick, John More

“…Widespread use of the measles vaccine has decreased measles antibody potency in the United States plasma supply. …”
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Immunocompatibility of Bacteriophages as Nanomedicines by Tranum Kaur, Nafiseh Nafissi, Olla Wasfi, Katlyn Sheldon, Shawn Wettig, Roderick Slavcev

“…Recently, phages have been employed as gene-delivery vectors (phage nanomedicine), for nearly half a century as tools in genetic research, for about two decades as tools for the discovery of specific target-binding proteins and peptides, and for almost a decade as tools for vaccine development. As phage applications to human therapeutic development grow at an exponential rate, it will become essential to evaluate host immune responses to initial and repetitive challenges by therapeutic phage in order to develop phage therapies that offer suitable utility. …”
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Тransplastomic tobacco plants producing the hydrophilic domain of the sheep pox virus coat protein L1R by D. K. Beisenov, G. E. Stanbekova, B. K. Iskakov

“…Such vaccines are effective, but potentially dangerous because of the possible virus reversion to a pathogenic state. …”
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Current Status, Challenges, Policies, and Bioethics of Biobanks by Byunghak Kang, Jaesun Park, Sangyun Cho, Meehee Lee, Namhee Kim, Haesook Min, Sooyoun Lee, Ok Park, Bokghee Han

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Prevalence of Sero-Molecular Markers of Hepatitis C and B Viruses among Patients with β-Thalassemia Major in Northern West Bank, Palestine by Kamal Dumaidi, Amer Al-Jawabreh, Fekri Samarah, Maha Rabayaa

“…A follow-up schedule and administration of booster dose of HBV vaccine is strongly recommended for β-thalassemia patients whose anti-HBs level <10 IU/ml.…”
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Factors Affecting Maternal Behavior in Achieving Complete Basic Immunization for Toddlers Aged 12–23 in Banggai Laut Regency, Indonesia by Amrin Madolan, Ridwan M Thaha, Muhammad Syafar, Sudirman Nasir, Nurhaedar Jafar, A Arsunan Arsin

“… Background: Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) is essential to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). However, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Banggai Laut Regency remains low at 67.9%, compared to the national target of 90%. …”
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Factors Affecting Maternal Behavior in Achieving Complete Basic Immunization for Toddlers Aged 12–23 in Banggai Laut Regency, Indonesia by Amrin Madolan, Ridwan M Thaha, Muhammad Syafar, Sudirman Nasir, Nurhaedar Jafar, A Arsunan Arsin

“… Background: Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) is essential to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). However, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Banggai Laut Regency remains low at 67.9%, compared to the national target of 90%. …”
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Torovirus infection in animals: a review by V. А. Mischenko, A. V. Mischenko, T. B. Nikeshina, Yu. V. Brovko, А. I. Kushlubaeva

“…Despite the high activity and field effectiveness of vaccines against rotavirus and coronavirus infections and viral diarrhea, massive neonatal calf diarrheas causing significant economic losses were registered in a number of large-scale livestock farms. …”
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, towards Ebola Viral Disease by Samuel Anu Olowookere, Emmanuel Akintunde Abioye-Kuteyi, Olusegun Kayode Adepoju, Oluwaseun Taiwo Esan, Temitope Michael Adeolu, Tolulope Kola Adeoye, Adesola Adebayo Adepoju, Adedayo Titilayo Aderogba

“…Only 42% had good knowledge while 27% knew that there was no vaccine presently to prevent EVD. About one-quarter (24.2%) had low risk perception. …”
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Genome-wide association study of the fatty liver index in the Taiwanese population reveals shared and population-specific genetic risk factors across ethnicities by Pei Pei Lau, Chun-Yu Wei, Min-Rou Lin, Wan-Hsuan Chou, Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan, Wei-Chiao Chang

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Nipah Virus: A Zoonotic Threat Re-Emerging in the Wake of Global Public Health Challenges by Francesco Branda, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Marta Giovanetti, Mattia Albanese, Erica Binetti, Massimo Ciccozzi, Fabio Scarpa

“…The re-emergence of the Nipah virus (NiV) in Kerala, India, following the tragic death of a 14-year-old boy, underscores the persistent threat posed by zoonotic pathogens and highlights the growing global public health challenge. With no vaccine or curative treatment available, and fatality rates as high as 94% in past outbreaks, the Nipah virus is a critical concern for health authorities worldwide. …”
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Impacts of COVID-19 on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Study by Donna Mendez, Krishna Paul, Jerome L. Yaklic, Dietrich Jehle

“…A subgroup analysis of outcomes was performed based on the mother’s vaccine status. Results: The risks of maternal death (RR = 1.97), maternal intubation (RR = 3.33), and maternal (ICU) admission (RR = 1.76) were significantly higher in pregnant females with COVID-19. …”
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