Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle from Shahrekord, Iran by M. Rahmani Dehkordi, Z. Hemati, M. Ghorbanpour, R. Goethe, L. Abdolmohammadi Khiav

Case report: Kinetics of viral load, immunoglobulins, and cytokines in a fatal case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by Moufid Mhamadi, Moufid Mhamadi, Ousseynou Sene, Arfang Diamanka, Moundhir Mhamadi, Marie Pedapa Mendy, Andy Mahine Diouf, Mignane Ndiaye, Mamadou Aliou Barry, Samba Niang Sagne, Mahfouz Cissé Traoré, Amadou Alpha Sall, Gamou Fall, Ndongo Dia, Oumar Faye

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Common protocol for validation of the QCOVID algorithm across the four UK nations by Ronan A Lyons, Aziz Sheikh, Vahe Nafilyan, Frank Kee, Carol Coupland, Julia Hippisley-Cox, Chris Robertson, Ben Humberstone, Jane Lyons, Christopher R Cardwell, Steven Kerr

“…At the time of writing, it is being used in important policy-making decisions by the UK and devolved governments for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic, including deliberations on shielding and vaccine prioritisation. There are four statistical validations exercises currently planned for the QCOVID algorithm, using data pertaining to England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, respectively. …”
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Brucella induces an unfolded protein response via TcpB that supports intracellular replication in macrophages. by Judith A Smith, Mike Khan, Diogo D Magnani, Jerome S Harms, Marina Durward, Girish K Radhakrishnan, Yi-Ping Liu, Gary A Splitter

“…The Brucella intracellular replicative niche in macrophages and dendritic cells thwarts immune surveillance and complicates both therapy and vaccine development. Currently, host-pathogen interactions supporting Brucella replication are poorly understood. …”
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Optimizing a low-temperature preservation technique for Bacillus anthracis strains by A. P. Rodionov, E. A. Artemeva, L. A. Melnikova, D. M. Sahibullina

“…The currently used anthrax vaccines are produced using various strains of Bacillus anthracis. …”
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High content analysis of primary macrophages hosting proliferating Leishmania amastigotes: application to anti-leishmanial drug discovery. by Nathalie Aulner, Anne Danckaert, Eline Rouault-Hardoin, Julie Desrivot, Olivier Helynck, Pierre-Henri Commere, Hélène Munier-Lehmann, Gerald F Späth, Spencer L Shorte, Geneviève Milon, Eric Prina

“…<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Human leishmaniases are parasitic diseases causing severe morbidity and mortality. No vaccine is available and numerous factors limit the use of current therapies. …”
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The Evolution of Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy against HIV-1 Infection: Improvements and Outlook by Hager Mohamed, Vandana Miller, Stephen R. Jennings, Brian Wigdahl, Fred C. Krebs

“…Dendritic cells have thus been recognized as a valuable tool in the development of immunotherapeutic approaches and vaccines effective against HIV-1. The advancements in dendritic cell vaccines in cancers have paved the way for applications of this form of immunotherapy to HIV-1 infection. …”
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Recent advances in bacterial outer membrane vesicles: Effects on the immune system, mechanisms and their usage for tumor treatment by Shuo Xiang, Qiufang Yao, Arshad Khan, Dong Wang

“…Consequently, OMVs hold great promise for applications in tumor immunotherapy, tumor vaccine development, and drug delivery. This article provides an overview of the structural composition and immune mechanisms of OMVs, details various OMVs modification strategies, and reviews the progress in using OMVs for tumor treatment and their anti-tumor mechanisms. …”
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Examining Effects of the COVID-19 National Lockdown on Ambient Air Quality Across Urban India by Chimurkar Navinya, Girish Patidar, Harish C. Phuleria

“…Abstract Lockdown seems the most effective way to prevent the spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as no vaccine is currently available in the market to cure it. …”
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CaMKII-dependent non-canonical RIG-I pathway promotes influenza virus propagation in the acute-phase of infection by Shinichiro Hama, Miho Watanabe-Takahashi, Hiroki Nishimura, Jumpei Omi, Masakazu Tamada, Takashi Saitoh, Katsumi Maenaka, Yuta Okuda, Aoi Ikegami, Asami Kitagawa, Koudai Furuta, Kana Izumi, Eiko Shimizu, Takashi Nishizono, Makoto Fujiwara, Tomohiro Miyasaka, Shigeo Takamori, Hiroshi Takayanagi, Keizo Nishikawa, Toshihiko Kobayashi, Noriko Toyama-Sorimachi, Makoto Yamashita, Toshiya Senda, Takatsugu Hirokawa, Haruhiko Bito, Kiyotaka Nishikawa

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Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in five US jurisdictions: Comparison of Delta and Omicron variants. by Julia M Baker, Jasmine Y Nakayama, Michelle O'Hegarty, Andrea McGowan, Richard A Teran, Stephen M Bart, Lynn E Sosa, Jessica Brockmeyer, Kayla English, Katie Mosack, Sanjib Bhattacharyya, Manjeet Khubbar, Nicole R Yerkes, Brooke Campos, Alina Paegle, John McGee, Robert Herrera, Marcia Pearlowitz, Thelonious W Williams, Hannah L Kirking, Jacqueline E Tate

“…In the multivariable model, a pattern of increased transmission risk was observed with increased time since a household contact's last COVID-19 vaccine dose in Delta households, although confidence intervals overlapped (0-3 months relative risk = 0.8, confidence interval: 0.5-1.2; 4-7 months relative risk = 1.3, 0.9-1.8; ≥8 months relative risk = 1.2, 0.7-1.8); no pattern was observed in Omicron households. …”
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Anti-DENV-ED3 antibody cross-talks generate immune interference among the four DENVs by Md. Din Islam, Sanjida Yesmin, Tahmina Sharmin, Md. Ayoub Khan, Yutaka Kuroda, M. Monirul Islam

“…Such intrinsic features of DENV1~4 ED3s may lead to ‘antigen interference’, limiting both the understanding of dengue etiology and the success of dengue vaccine development, which needs to neutralize all four DENV serotypes equivalently.…”
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<i>Bacillus anthracis</i> strain differentiation based on SNP and VNTR loci by E. A. Anisimova, N. A. Fakhrutdinov, D. A. Mirgazov, E. A. Dodonova, I. A. Elizarova, M. E. Gorbunova, N. I. Khammadov, L. I. Zainullin, K. A. Osyanin

“…In the study, seven strains of B. anthracis obtained from soil samples and animal carcasses were investigated using vaccine strain STI-1 as a reference. For molecular genetic characterization of these bacteria, analysis of 12 SNPs and variability analysis of eight VNTR loci were carried out. …”
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The Impact of Zinc Supplementation on the Course of Infections by Justyna Woźniak, Ewelina Kopczyńska, Piotr Kulej, Wiktor Biesiada, Justyna Weronika Kmieć, Anna-Mariia Chernysh, Aleksandra Dusińska, Jakub Waszczyński, Kamila Fuczyło, Karolina Stankevič

“…Clinical studies confirmed its effectiveness in reducing respiratory infections, improving vaccine responses, and decreasing complications in vulnerable individuals. …”
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Knowledge and attitudes about human papillomavirus infection and prevention methods among medical science students in Novi Sad, Serbia: a cross-sectional study by Nikola Denda, Nemanja Maletin, Aleksandar Rašković, Dušan Prodanović, Zoran Golušin, Biljana Vučković, Marko Nemet, Milica Paut Kusturica

“…Students who stated that they plan to get vaccinated in the following period answered the questions correctly in a higher percentage (87.5% versus 80.1%, p = 0.01). …”
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Paediatric Contacts of Adult COVID-19 Patients: Clinical Parameters, Risk Factors, and Outcome by Ammara Farooq, Taimur Khalil Sheikh, Fibhaa Syed, Tehmina Mustafa

“…Majority of the contacts had been vaccinated with the BCG vaccine. Testing for COVID-19 was done in only 77 (56%) contacts, 25 (32%) by the government team, and 52 (67%) privately. …”
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Kinship and Leprosy in the Contacts of Leprosy Patients: Cohort at the Souza Araújo Outpatient Clinic, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 1987–2010 by Daiane Santos dos Santos, Nadia Cristina Duppre, Anna Maria Sales, José Augusto da Costa Nery, Euzenir Nunes Sarno, Mariana Andréa Hacker

“…Once the treatment of the index case was initiated, other factors lost their significance, and the index case bacteriological index and BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine) protection had a greater impact. Our findings suggested that both genetic susceptibility and physical exposure play an important role in the epidemiology of leprosy, but it was not possible establishing the role of genetic factor. …”
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Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) by Karlygash B. Zikibayeva, Asset A. Svanbayev, Nurlan N. Akhmetsadykov, Kamshat N. Kudaibergenova, Shynar N. Akhmetsadykova, Ernur N. Nurolda, Aidyn I. Kydyrmanov

“…Using official data, laboratory diagnostics, and surveys, we identified high prevalence rates and virulent strains, exposing gaps in vaccination coverage and biosecurity practices. Continuous monitoring, improved vaccination strategies, and robust biosecurity measures are essential to reduce disease impact and ensure sustainable poultry farming.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan. …”
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Measles Outbreak among Previously Immunized Adult Healthcare Workers, China, 2015 by Zhengyi Zhang, Yuan Zhao, Lili Yang, Changhong Lu, Ying Meng, Xiaoli Guan, Hongjin An, Meizhong Zhang, Wenqin Guo, Bo Shang, Jing Yu

“…Measles is caused by measles virus belonging to genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. Vaccination has played a critical role in controlling measles infection worldwide. …”
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Screening of Insertion Sites and Tags on EV-A71 VP1 Protein for Recombinant Virus Construction by Miaomiao Kang, Xiangyi Li, Xiaohong Li, Rui Yu, Shuo Zhang, Jingjing Yan, Xiaoyan Zhang, Jianqing Xu, Buyong Ma, Shuye Zhang

“…We expect the tagged recombinant EV-A71 to be a useful tool for studying the various stages of the enterovirus life cycle and for virus purification, immunoprecipitation, and research in immunology and vaccine development. Furthermore, this study serves as a proof of principle and may help develop similar tags in enteroviruses, for which there are fewer available tools.…”
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