Effects of milk extracellular vesicles from Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss heat-stressed dairy cows on bovine mammary epithelial cells by S. Castellani, L. Basiricò, A. Maggiolino, C. Lecchi, P. De Palo, U. Bernabucci

“…Integrity of the milk sEV membranes was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and presence of EV markers through western blotting. …”
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Photo-Fenton Degradation of RB5 Dye in Aqueous Solution Using Fe Supported on Mexican Natural Zeolite by José Domenzain-Gonzalez, José J. Castro-Arellano, Luis A. Galicia-Luna, Luis Lartundo-Rojas

“…These samples were also characterized by the following techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine crystalline phases of mineral, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to observe the elemental composition of the material where the main element was Fe as Fe2p, Mössbauer to establish the phases in the material which were magnetite (Fe3O4), fayalite, and chlorite, Raman to corroborate that magnetite clusters in natural material were presented, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by which magnetite nanoparticles were observe on zeolite surface. …”
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Non-lytic spread of poliovirus requires the nonstructural protein 3CD by David Aponte-Diaz, Jayden M. Harris, Tongjia Ella Kang, Victoria Korboukh, Mohamad S. Sotoudegan, Jennifer L. Gray, Neela H. Yennawar, Ibrahim M. Moustafa, Andrew Macadam, Craig E. Cameron

“…Using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy to monitor PV-induced autophagosome biogenesis, for the first time, we show that virus-induced autophagic signals yield normal autophagosomes, even in the absence of virions. …”
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Spironolactone Protects against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Wenjuan Liu, Wei Gong, Min He, Yemei Liu, Yeping Yang, Meng Wang, Meng Wu, Shizhe Guo, Yifei Yu, Xuanchun Wang, Fei Sun, Yiming Li, Linuo Zhou, Shengmei Qin, Zhaoyun Zhang

“…Cardiac structure was investigated with transmission electron microscopy and pathological examination; immunohistochemistry was performed to detect nitrotyrosine, collagen-1, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and F4/80 expression; and gene expression of markers for oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and energy metabolism was detected. …”
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Mechanism of Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac in Water by a Novel Carbon Nitride by LIU Zi’ang, GAO Yifang, LIU Chao, LI Wenjun, LIU Xiaona, LI Bo, QIAN Tianwei

“…PCN was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. …”
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MSC-EVs and UCB-EVs promote skin wound healing and spatial transcriptome analysis by Ruonan Li, Haotian Wang, Xiaolong Wang, Yanbin Yang, Kai Zhong, Xuemei Zhang, Heping Li

“…MSC-EVs and UCB-EVs were isolated using ultracentrifugation and identified using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. …”
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Inhibition of the mTOR Pathway Exerts Cardioprotective Effects Partly through Autophagy in CLP Rats by Wen Han, Hao Wang, Longxiang Su, Yun Long, Na Cui, Dawei Liu

“…After treatment, pathological changes were determined by H&E staining, cardiac functions by echocardiography, the distribution of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC-3) type II and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1a) by immunohistochemical staining, and autophagic vacuoles by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the mTOR signaling pathway and LC3II, p62, and HIF-1a expression were measured by western blotting. …”
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Migrasomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: a new therapeutic agent for ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice by Weifeng Gu, Tingting Zheng, Wen Li, Xinkai Luo, Xiaowei Xu, Ying Wang, Chaoming Mao, Yongbin Ma, Liyang Dong

“…Characterization of hUCMSC-derived migrasomes were carried out by transmission electron microscopy and western blot analysis. The therapeutic effects of migrasomes on airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and periodic-acid schiff (PAS) staining, and their mechanism were further testified by immunofluorescent staining, real-time PCR and flow cytometry. …”
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PTOV1 exerts pro-oncogenic role in colorectal cancer by modulating SQSTM1-mediated autophagic degradation of p53 by Yongli Fan, Yuqin Li, Xia Luo, Shiqi Xiang, Jia Hu, Jingchun Zhan, Weilong Chang, Rui Deng, Xianwen Ran, Yize Zhang, Yudie Cai, Weiwei Zhu, Huifen Wang, Zhibo Liu, Di Wang

“…Immunofluorescence assay, western blot and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were used to evaluated the effects of PTOV1 on autophagy. …”
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Biosynthesis, characterization, and in-vitro anticancer effect of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles using Acalypha indica Linn: In-silico approach by Luailik Madaniyah, Saidun Fiddaroini, Elok Kamilah Hayati, Moh. Farid Rahman, Akhmad Sabarudin

“…Characterization of the synthesized AgNPs was conducted using various techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confirming the successful synthesis, stability, and spherical morphology of the nanoparticles, with an average diameter of 7 nm and a zeta potential of −24.51 mV. …”
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αAsarone alleviates neuronal injury by facilitating autophagy via miR-499-5p/PDCD4/ATG5 signaling pathway in ischemia stroke by Yonghuan Yan, Linfang Wu, Lu Wang, Dandan Wang, Mengting Huang, Jinyong Peng, Jinyong Peng, Yingying Huang, Yingying Huang, Yingying Huang

“…To further clarify the protective effect of αAsarone in vivo, TTC staining, neurological function score, H&E staining, Nissl staining, Laser speckle contrast imaging, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence colocalization, WB and RT-qPCR were performed in the MCAO mice.ResultsαAsarone was observed to inhibit the apoptosis of neuronal cells, and enhance autophagy. …”
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Compatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Lycopersicon esculentum peels by Esraa Ali, Samah H. Abu-Hussien, Esraa Hesham, Shimaa Ahmed, Habiba Mostafa, Ahmed Gamal, Salwa M. El-Sayed, Bahaa Hemdan, Ashraf Bakry, Naglaa M. Ebeed, Hesham Elhariry, Ahmed Galal, Basma T. Abd-Elhalim

“…UV–visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize biosynthesized Le-AgNPs. …”
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Enhancement of densification and mechanical property of (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ti0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)N high-entropy bulk ceramic via silicon carbide addition by Wuyang Song, Youjun Lu, Lutong Yang, Maohui Li, Xiao Zhang, Bo Ma, Chuyun Wang, Yanmin Wang, Jinfeng Li, Xiang Liu

“…The crystal structure, phase composition, and grain size/morphology of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. …”
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Study on interface structure and thermal conductivity regulation of Cu–In composite thermal interface materials by Jie Zhang, Nan Wu, Hong Guo, Zhongnan Xie, Mingmei Sun, Hui Yang, Ximin Zhang, Yulin Liu, Xinbo He

“…The Cu–In composite material's characteristic interfacial structure was examined through the use of transmission electron microscopy. Theoretical models were employed to determine the thermal conduction patterns across various CuIn phase interfaces. …”
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Disruption of Energy Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis in Honglian Type-Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (HL-CMS) Rice Pollen by Wang Mingyue, Zhao Weibo, Feng Xiaoya, Chen Yi, Li Junhao, Fu Jinmei, Yan Yingchun, Chu Zhaohui, Huang Wenchao

“…HL-CMS is characterized by gametophytic sterility, where the aborted pollen grains are empty, and the tapetal layer remains intact. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe mitochondrial morphological changes at the microspore stage, revealing significant mitochondrial alterations, characterized by the formation of 'large spherical mitochondria', occurred at the binucleate stage in the YA line. …”
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Hydrogel loaded with cerium-manganese nanoparticles and nerve growth factor enhances spinal cord injury repair by modulating immune microenvironment and promoting neuronal regenera... by Zhaoyang Gong, Zhenhao Chen, Dachuan Li, Xiao Lu, Jianwei Wu, Hanqiu Sun, Ximeng Wang, Siyang Liu, Xinlei Xia, Feizhou Lu, Jianyuan Jiang, Chi Sun, Hongli Wang, Feng Zeng, Xiaosheng Ma

“…Methods CeMn nanoparticles (NP) and CeMn NP-polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanozymes were synthesized via sol–gel reaction and DSPE-mPEG modification. Transmission Electron Microscopy, Selected-Area Electron Diffraction, X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy confirmed their crystalline structure, mixed-valence states, and redox properties. …”
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Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles by Nayyar Iqbal, Miral Javed, Ramy M. Khoder, Areej Areej, Renyu Zheng, Shanbai Xiong, Ibrahim Khalifa, Hassan Barakat, Youming Liu

“…CO2-NBs were generated in distilled water with a self-developed high-pressure nano-jet homogenization method and characterized by size, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained nanobubble’s mean size and zeta potential were 229.96 ± 17.44 nm and −15.9 ± 1.27 mV, respectively. …”
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Asiaticoside Attenuates Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Hippocampal CA1 Neuronal Ferroptosis via Activating BDNF/Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway by Zhou A, Feng HY, Fan CN, Wang J, Yuan ZY, Xu GH, Li CF, Huang WF, Yi LT

“…In addition, asiaticoside suppressed the expression of ferroptosis markers, including ferritin light chain (FLC) and transferrin receptor only in CA1 region. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) further confirmed that asiaticoside preserved mitochondrial integrity in CA1 neuronal cells.Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that asiaticoside exerts its antidepressant-like effects through the modulation of BDNF/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway against neuronal ferroptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region.Keywords: asiaticoside, antidepressant, ferroptosis, BDNF, Nrf2, GPX4…”
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Dominant spoilage bacteria in crayfish alleviate ultrasonic stress through mechanosensitive channels but could not prevent the process of membrane destruction by Zechuan Dai, Lingyun Meng, Sai Wang, Jiao Li, Xiangzhao Mao

“…The results showed compromised cell membrane, decreased membrane fluidity, hyperpolarized membrane potential, and disrupted succinate-coenzyme Q reductase. Transmission electron microscopy revealed significant fragmentation of S. baltica, whereas A. veronii, with its thick cell wall and outer capsule membrane, demonstrated enhanced resistance to ultrasound. …”
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Impaired ARID1A expression attenuated the immune response in gastric cancer via histone acetylation by Yu Tang, Ruizhi Zhang, Gan Mao, Chong Li, Yisong Gao, Xuebing Zhou, Wenxiang Nie, Tianyu Song, Suao Liu, Kaixiong Tao, Peng Zhang, Wei Li

“…Chromatin DNA accessibility was determined through MNase digestions, transmission electron microscopy, and ChIP-seq. The impact of ARID1A expression and epigenetic inhibitors on tumor immunity in mice was assessed using flow cytometry. …”
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