Pirfenidone regulates seizures through the HMGB1/TLR4 axis to improve cognitive functions and modulate oxidative stress and neurotransmitters in PTZ-induced kindling in mice by Mansi Dahalia, Sparsh Gupta, Haya Majid, Divya Vohora, Nidhi

“…Pirfenidone significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, transforming growth factor-β, tumor necrosis factor- α, high-mobility group box-1, and toll-like receptor-4, elevated gamma-aminobutyric acid, decreased glutamate levels, modulated aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. …”
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Suppressing GDF15 enhances the chemotherapeutic effect of 5 FU on MSI-H CRC by regulating the ferroptosis pathway SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 by Zhi min Huang Fu, Ming Xiao, Hailun Xie, Shuxian Zhang, Tang Yi, Qingshu Li, Ming Li, Yalan Wang

“…Abstract Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily and is related to metabolism, injury, and aging. …”
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3,5,6,7,8,3’,4’- Heptamethoxyflavonoid inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition by regulating oxidative stress and autophagy through MEK/ERK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalin... by Yiting Wang, Zhiheng Ma, Weiwen Peng, Qinglian Yu, Wenjie Liang, Liu Cao, Zhuqiang Wang

“…However, it remains unclear whether and how HMF alleviates transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of HMF on TGF-β1-induced EMT in human alveolar Type II epithelial cells (A549) and its underlying mechanism. …”
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Ameliorative effect of curcuminoids in liver fibrosis rat model via regulating GIPC1 gene and modulating MMP-8/TIMP-3 balance mediated by miR-483-5p by Rana Mostafa Adel, Sara Mostafa Kamal, Eman Adel Sherif, Sara Hatem El-shafiey

“…We aimed to explore CURC’s effect on declining the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-6 (interleukin-6), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta1), regulating GIPC1 expression, and adjusting MMP-8/TIMP-3 balance mediated by miRNA-483-5p (microRNA-483-5p) in TAA (thioacetamide)-induced liver fibrotic albino Wistar rat model. …”
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不同剂量苯那普利对自发性高血压大鼠肾小球硬化的影响

“…【目的】 观察超大剂量血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂干预能否进一步抑制肾小球硬化65377;【方法】 30只8周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠随机分为模型对照组(M组),大剂量(10 mg·kg-1·d-1)苯那普利治疗组(LT组),超大剂量(50 mg·kg-1·d-1)苯那普利治疗组(HT组),以10只Wistar-Kyoto大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto rats,WKY)为正常对照组(N组)65377;检测各组大鼠的血压65380;血清肌酐及24 h尿蛋白;RT-PCR和免疫组织化学方法分别检测肾组织转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factor,TGF-β1)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子(Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor,PAI-1)的mRNA和蛋白表达;肾组织石蜡切片评估肾小球胶原沉积程度,采用MASSON染色65377; 【结果】 1)TGF-β1和PAI-1的mRNA和蛋白表达:LT组和HT组的TGF-β1和PAI-1 的mRNA和蛋白表达被抑制(P < 0.01);两治疗组间无统计学差异(P > 0.05)65377;2)肾小球胶原沉积:LT组和HT组的胶原面积/肾小球面积比值均明显减低(0.17 ± 0.15, 0.18 ± 0.11 vs 0.30 ± 0.28; P = 0.001);两治疗组间无统计学差异(0.17 ± 0.15 vs 0.18 ± 0.11; P=0.404)65377;【结论】 大剂量与超大剂量血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂均能降低血压,减少蛋白尿,抑制肾组织TGF-β1和PAI-1的mRNA和蛋白表达,延缓肾小球硬化;但超大剂量血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂不能进一步的抑制肾小球硬化65377;…”
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Evaluation of the Diversities in the Inflammatory Responses in Cats With Bacterial and Viral Infections by Songul Erhan, Bengu Bilgic, Ezgi Ergen, Mert Erek, Elif Ergul Ekiz, Mukaddes Ozcan, Mehmet Erman Or, Banu Dokuzeylul, Erdal Matur

“…Total and differential leukocyte counts, C‐reactive protein (CRP), transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) concentrations were assessed in the blood samples collected from sick and healthy animals. …”
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Comparison of Immunomodulation Properties of Porcine Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Derived from the Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Dermal Skin Tissue by Sun-A Ock, Raghavendra Baregundi Subbarao, Yeon-Mi Lee, Jeong-Hyeon Lee, Ryoung-Hoon Jeon, Sung-Lim Lee, Ji Kwon Park, Sun-Chul Hwang, Gyu-Jin Rho

“…Accordingly, we herein investigated the capacity of MSCs derived from several tissue sources to modulate both proinflammatory (interferon [IFN] γ and tumor necrosis factor [TNF] α) and immunosuppressive cytokines (transforming growth factor [TGF] β and interleukin [IL] 10) employing xenogeneic human MSC-mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) test. …”
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Regeneration of Rabbit Auricular Cartilage After the Intravenous Stem Cell Injection by Pavlo Virych, Nadiia Shuvalova, Anton Karas, Galina Karas, Svitlana Chaika, Tetiana Kucherenko, Ganna Minina, Marina Timchenko, Oleg Melnykov, Yurii Minin

“…In addition, the amount of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the blood serum were determined. …”
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In vitro and in vivo studies on bioactive hydroxyapatite-coated magnesium for glaucoma drainage implant by Huanhuan Gao, Yi Chen, Xia Chen, Liandi Huang, Hao Yao, Xiaomin Zhu, Min Tang, Yong Wang, Xiangji Li, Lin Xie

“…In vitro experiments showed the surface modification of Mg affects the adhesion behavior and the reorganization of cytoskeleton of Human Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence found that Mg@HA regulates the adhesion and motility of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts mainly by down-regulating the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in the canonical transforming growth factor-beta (TGF - β) signaling pathway. …”
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Lipid nephrotoxicity mediated by HIF-1α activation accelerates tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy by Zebo Hu, Qianwen Zhu, Ying Wang, Xue Deng, Hui Yang, Mingjun Zhou, Jiyuan Zhang, Hao Wang, Haosen Wang, Lin Wang, Cui Zhang, Shu Li

“…Moreover, the protein expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in diabetic kidneys were decreased by YC-1 treatment. …”
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Exposure to Air Pollution Exacerbates Inflammation in Rats with Preexisting COPD by Jing Wang, Ya Li, Peng Zhao, Yange Tian, Xuefang Liu, Huihui He, Rui Jia, Brian G. Oliver, Jiansheng Li

“…PM2.5 exposure resulted in greater lung function decline and histopathological changes, as reflected by increased Mucin (MUC) 5ac, MUC5b, Collagen I, Collagen III, and the profibrotic cytokine α-smooth muscle-actin (SMA), transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1 in lung tissues. PM2.5 also aggravated inflammation, increasing neutrophils and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and cytokines including Interleukin- (IL-) 1β, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-4. …”
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Effects of kelp phlorotannins on the growth, immunity, intestinal health and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by Zhikai Zhang, Yan Chi, Yongheng Du, Feng Li, Ning Ma, Song Qin

“…The intestinal health of sea cucumbers was also enhanced by phlorotannins, as expressed by the higher intestine fold height, up-regulation of tight junction genes (ZO-1 and occludin) and down-regulation of two proinflammatory genes (interleukin 17 and transforming growth factor - beta). In conclusion, the present work reported the promoting effects of phlorotannins on growth and disease resistance of sea cucumbers, which could be attributed to the abilities to improve the immunity, redox homeostasis and intestinal healthy condition. …”
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The Role of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Agents in Rabbit Eye Model of Open-Globe Injury by Xiao Zhao, Han Han, Yinting Song, Mei Du, Mengyu Liao, Xue Dong, Xiaohong Wang, Ferenc Kuhn, Annette Hoskin, Heping Xu, Hua Yan

“…Vitreous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were significantly increased in rabbit eyes after OGI. …”
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Whole transcriptome analysis and construction of gene regulatory networks of granulosa cells from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by Yuan Yuan, Daiterigele, Qian Zhang, Chen Du

“…The target genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and the cell cycle. …”
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The landscape of alternative polyadenylation during EMT and its regulation by the RNA-binding protein Quaking by Daniel P. Neumann, Katherine A. Pillman, B. Kate Dredge, Andrew G. Bert, Caroline A. Phillips, Rachael Lumb, Yesha Ramani, Cameron P. Bracken, Brett G. Hollier, Luke A. Selth, Traude H. Beilharz, Gregory J. Goodall, Philip A. Gregory

“…Using 3’ end anchored RNA sequencing, we mapped the alternative polyadenylation (APA) landscape following Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β-mediated induction of EMT in human mammary epithelial cells and found APA generally causes 3’UTR lengthening during this cell state transition. …”
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Decreased Soluble Receptor of Advanced Glycation End Product Levels Correlated with Inflammation in Silicosis by Heliang Liu, Jingjing Ma, Tian Jiang, Enhong Li, Xiaokun Zhao, Ying Wang, Jie Cui, Xiaohui Hao, Lingli Guo

“…In this study, serum from subjects with silicosis (n=59) or from healthy controls (HC, n=14) was analyzed for the secretion of sRAGE, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). …”
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Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Participate in Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease Partly via TGF-β1 Signal Pathway by Cuiping Liu, Ludan Qin, Jingya Ding, Luping Zhou, Chenlin Gao, Ting Zhang, Man Guo, Wei Huang, Zongzhe Jiang, Yang Long, Yong Xu

“…The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), fibronectin (FN), collagen1, IL-4Rα, and IL-13Rα1 in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) induced by IL-4, IL-13, or high glucose was analyzed by ELISA or qPCR. …”
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Peripheral Expression of IL-6, TNF-&#945; and TGF-&#946;1 in Alzheimer's Disease Patients by Gamze Güven, Pınar Köseoğlu, Ebba Lohmann, Bedia Samancı, Erdi Şahin, Başar Bilgiç, Haşmet Ayhan Hanağası, Hakan Gürvit, Nihan Erginel-Ünaltuna

“…Therefore, we analyzed serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-&#946;1) levels and mRNA expressions of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&#945;) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AD patients and controls. …”
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MKRN1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by activating the TGF-β signalling pathway through SNIP1 protein degradation by Yi Zhang, Qin-shan Li, Hong-lin Liu, Hong-ting Tang, Han-lin Yang, Dao-qiu Wu, Yu-ying Huang, Li-cheng Li, Li-hong Liu, Meng-xing Li

“…Furthermore, SNIP1 inhibits transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling, and MKRN1 promotes TGF-β signalling by degrading SNIP1 to induce EMT in CRC cells. …”
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Extracellular Vesicles from Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats by Masatsugu Ohara, Shunsuke Ohnishi, Hidetaka Hosono, Koji Yamamoto, Kohei Yuyama, Hideki Nakamura, Qingjie Fu, Osamu Maehara, Goki Suda, Naoya Sakamoto

“…AMSC-EVs significantly decreased the number of Kupffer cells (KCs) in the liver of rats with NASH and the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (Tnf-) α, interleukin- (Il-) 1β and Il-6, and transforming growth factor- (Tgf-) β. Furthermore, AMSC-EVs significantly decreased fiber accumulation, KC number, and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation in rats with liver fibrosis. …”
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