Advancements and Challenges of Vacuum‐Processed Organic Photodiodes: A Comprehensive Review by Chan So, Won Jun Pyo, Dae Sung Chung

“…Organic photodiodes (OPDs) have made remarkable strides and now poised to surpass traditional silicon photodiodes (PDs) in various aspects including linear dynamic range (LDR), detectivity, wavelength selectivity, and versatility.[1] Tunable mechanical and optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors, coupled with lower process costs, have propelled OPDs into the spotlight across fields such as wearable light fidelity systems, flexible image sensors, and biomedical imaging.[2–5] While most advanced organic imaging systems to date rely on polymer‐based solution processes, challenges such as the use of toxic organic solvents and reproducibility issues hinder their commercialization.[6,7] Vacuum‐processed OPDs offer a promising alternative, boasting eco‐friendliness and compatibility with large‐scale fabrication facilities.[8,9] In this review, recent advancements and challenges in vacuum‐processed OPDs, an area that has received less attention compared to solution‐processed counterparts, are explored. …”
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Phytomedicine Potential of <i>Oroxylum indicum</i> Root and Its Constituents: Targeting Alzheimer’s Disease by Rattana Summat, Pornthip Waiwut, Supawadee Daodee, Natsajee Nualkaew, Khemjira Phemphunananchai, Puguh Novi Arsito, Yaowared Chulikhit, Orawan Montakantirat, Charinya Khamphukdee, Chantana Boonyarat

“…In cell culture models, <i>O. indicum</i> extract showed an ability to protect neurons from the toxic effects of H₂O₂. Western blot analysis revealed the extract and its major active component, baicalein, downregulated pro-apoptotic markers (cleaved caspase-3, and BAX) upon H₂O₂ exposure. …”
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Antitrypanosomal and Anthelminthic Properties of Ethanol Extracts of Carica papaya Linn. and Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn. by Ahmed Wahab Obeng, Yaw Duah Boakye, Theresa Appiah Agana, Vivian Etsiapa Boamah, James Oppong-Kyekyeku, Abena Amponsaa Brobbey, Francis Adu, Stephen Yao Gbedema, Christian Agyare

“…All the extracts showed weak selective indices (SI) when tested on Jurkat cell lines, which is indicative of a potential toxic effect. When the extracts were screened against P. posthuma worms, only PPSe and CPSe were able to kill the worms after the exposure time at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/mL. …”
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Direct Hot Solid–Liquid Extraction (DH-SLE): A High-Yield Greener Technique for Lipid Recovery from Coffee Beans by Daliane Cláudia de Faria, Maria Eliana Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz, Fábio Junior Moreira Novaes

“…Generally, n-hexane (toxicity grade 5) is used as the solvent (≈300 mL; ≈30 g sample) at boiling temperatures (69 °C) for long times (≤16 h) under a chilled water reflux (≈90 L/h), proportionally aggravated by the number of repetitions and samples determined. …”
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A Standardized Approach to Quantitative Analysis of Nicotine in e-Liquids Based on Peak Purity Criteria Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography by Vinit V. Gholap, Leon Kosmider, Matthew S. Halquist

“…In contrast to conventional cigarettes which are studied well for their toxicity and health effects, long-term clinical data on e-cigarettes are not available yet. …”
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Agent-based risk analysis model for road transportation of dangerous goods by Hassan Kanj, Ajla Kulaglic, Wael Hosny Fouad Aly, Mutaz A.B. Al-Tarawneh, Khaled Safi, Sawsan Kanj, Jean-Marie Flaus

“…These substances, ranging from flammable liquids and explosives to toxic chemicals, play crucial roles in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and research. …”
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IgD Multiple Myeloma Paraproteinemia as a Cause of Myositis by I. Colombo, M. E. Fruguglietti, L. Napoli, M. Sciacco, E. Tagliaferri, A. Della Volpe, V. Crugnola, N. Bresolin, M. Moggio, A. Prelle

“…He underwent both muscle and peripheral nerve biopsy to discriminate between myositis (paraproteinemia versus GVHD), amyloidosis, and thalidomide toxicity. The first muscle biopsy showed an inflammatory pattern with necrotic fibres, macrophagical invasion (CD68 positive), rare interstitial cellular infiltrates (CD8 positive and CD4 negative), widespread anti-HLA positivity and negative antiMAC. …”
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N-Acetylcysteine in Combination with IGF-1 Enhances Neuroprotection against Proteasome Dysfunction-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells by Benxu Cheng, Pinki Anand, Anxiu Kuang, Feroz Akhtar, Virginia L. Scofield

“…Previous studies focused on individual neuroprotective agents and their respective abilities to prevent neurotoxicity following a variety of toxic insults. However, the effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on proteasome impairment-induced apoptosis have not been well characterized in human neuronal cells. …”
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Macrophage-related inflammatory responses to degradation products of biodegradable molybdenum implants by Danyang Liu, Jiahao Chen, Jiannan Zhou, Jingtao Dai, Haotian Qin, Guojiang Wan, Junyu Qian, Ping Li, Jiang Li

“…Both Mo and its degradation products were shown to be non-toxic within macrophage tolerance limits. Nevertheless, morphological changes and pro-inflammatory polarization were observed in cells around Mo-based specimen. …”
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Development of a Highly Biocompatible Antituberculosis Nanodelivery Formulation Based on Para-Aminosalicylic Acid—Zinc Layered Hydroxide Nanocomposites by Bullo Saifullah, Palanisamy Arulselvan, Mohamed Ezzat El Zowalaty, Sharida Fakurazi, Thomas J. Webster, Benjamin Geilich, Mohd Zobir Hussein

“…Most importantly the nanocomposite prepared using zinc nitrate salt was advantageous in terms of yield and free from toxic zinc oxide contamination and had higher biocompatibility compared to one prepared using a zinc oxide precursor. …”
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Acute Exposure to Microcystin-Producing Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa Alters Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Swimming Performance Parameters by Luiza Wilges Kist, Angelo Luis Piato, João Gabriel Santos da Rosa, Gessi Koakoski, Leonardo José Gil Barcellos, João Sarkis Yunes, Carla Denise Bonan, Maurício Reis Bogo

“…These findings indicate that behavior is susceptible to MC-LR exposure and provide evidence for a better understanding of the ecological consequences of toxic algal blooms.…”
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Discovery of a Novel Insecticidal Peptide with a Cystine-Stabilized α-Helix/α-Helix Motif from the Venom of Scorpion <i>Liocheles australasiae</i> by Masahiro Miyashita, Naoya Mitani, Fuki Iwamoto, Mitsuki Hirota, Yoshiaki Nakagawa

“…Since LaIT5 did not show any toxicity against mice, it was concluded that its action is selective for insects.…”
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Insights into the molecular mechanisms and nanoparticle-based therapies for gastric cancer: A review by Smarika Chauhan, Eswar Marcharla, Sneha Hariharan, Saranya Vinayagam, Thanigaivel Sundaram, Priya SD, Swamynathan Ganesan, Maximilian Lackner

“…Accurate detection continues to be difficult and conventional therapies, such as radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy, frequently encounter problems with poor absorption, toxicity, and a lack of specificity. This review aims to explore the role of nanoparticles in the prognosis and diagnosis of gastric cancer. …”
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Continuous Quadrupole Magnetic Separation of Islets during Digestion Improves Purified Porcine Islet Viability by Bradley P. Weegman, Venkata Sunil Kumar Sajja, Thomas M. Suszynski, Michael D. Rizzari, William E. Scott III, Jennifer P. Kitzmann, Kate R. Mueller, Thomas R. Hanley, David J. Kennedy, Paul W. Todd, Appakalai N. Balamurugan, Bernhard J. Hering, Klearchos K. Papas

“…Islet purification by QMS can reduce the detrimental effects of prolonged exposure to toxic enzymes and density gradient solutions and substantially improve islet viability after isolation.…”
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Foxp3 Expression in Liver Correlates with the Degree but Not the Cause of Inflammation by Matthaios Speletas, Nikoletta Argentou, Georgios Germanidis, Themistoclis Vasiliadis, Konstantinos Mantzoukis, Kalliopi Patsiaoura, Pavlos Nikolaidis, Vaios Karanikas, Konstantinos Ritis, Anastasios E. Germenis

“…Liver biopsies obtained from 69 individuals (26 chronic HBV hepatitis, 14 chronic HCV hepatitis, 11 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 8 autoimmune diseases, 2 methotrexate-related toxicity, and 8 controls) were examined, by qRT-PCR, for the mRNA expression of Foxp3, IL-10, TGF-β1, Fas, FasL, TRAIL, caspase-3, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-1β. …”
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Effects of Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors on Itraconazole and Fluconazole Induced Cytotoxicity in Hepatocytes by Nhareet Somchit, Chong Sock Ngee, Azhar Yaakob, Zuraini Ahmad, Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria

“…Collectively, these results confirm the involvement of cytochrome P450 in the cytoprotection in itraconazole induced hepatocyte toxicity. Differences of the effects of SKF 525A on the cytotoxicity induced by itraconazole and fluconazole may be due to the differences on the metabolism of each antifungal drug in vivo.…”
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Systematic analysis of the pharmacogenomics landscape towards clinical implementation of precision therapeutics in Greece by George P. Patrinos, Kariofyllis Karamperis, Margarita-Ioanna Koufaki, Maria Skokou, Zoe Kordou, Eirini Sparaki, Margarita Skaraki, Christina Mitropoulou

“…Abstract Pharmacogenomics (PGx) aims to delineate a patient’s genetic profile with differences in drug efficacy and/or toxicity, particularly focusing on genes encoding for drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. …”
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Brincidofovir Use after Foscarnet Crystal Nephropathy in a Kidney Transplant Recipient with Multiresistant Cytomegalovirus Infection by Romain Vial, Christine Zandotti, Sophie Alain, Alexandre Decourt, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Raj Purgus, Charleric Bornet, Laurent Daniel, Valérie Moal, Tristan Legris

“…Clinical and virological remission was observed after a 21-day course of BCV, despite mild and reversible liver toxicity. However, a new relapse could not be effectively cured by BCV due to a new mutation in the UL54 gene, which is known to confer resistance to cidofovir. …”
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Punica granatum L. (Pomegranate) Extract: In Vivo Study of Antimicrobial Activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis in Galleria mellonella Model by Livia Aparecida Procópio Gomes, Lívia Mara Alves Figueiredo, Ana Luiza do Rosário Palma, Barbara Maria Corrêa Geraldo, Kelly Cristine Isler Castro, Luciana Ruano de Oliveira Fugisaki, Antônio Olavo Cardoso Jorge, Luciane Dias de Oliveira, Juliana Campos Junqueira

“…Injection of high concentration (200, 100, and 25 mg/mL) of PGE showed a toxic effect, leading them to death. A suspension of P. gingivalis (106 cells/mL) was inoculated in the left last proleg and PGE (12.5, 6.25, 3.1, and 2.5 mg/mL) were injected into the right proleg. …”
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Unlocking biochar impacts on abiotic stress dynamics: a systematic review of soil quality and crop improvement by Periyasamy Rathinapriya, Theivanayagam Maharajan, Ravi Jothi, Mayakrishnan Prabakaran, Mayakrishnan Prabakaran, In-Bog Lee, Pyoung-Ho Yi, Seung Tak Jeong

“…Although its benefits for improving soil properties are well-documented, the potential of BC to mitigate various abiotic stresses-such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity-and its effect on plant traits need further exploration. …”
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