Integrated transmission expansion planning incorporating fault current limiting devices and thyristor-controlled series compensation using meta-heuristic optimization techniques by Abdulaziz Almalaq, Khalid Alqunun, Rabeh Abbassi, Ziad M. Ali, Mohamed M. Refaat, Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem

“…The ten meta-heuristic algorithms considered in this study include Sinh Cosh Optimizer, Walrus Optimizer, Snow Geese Algorithm, Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer, Electric Eel Foraging Optimization, Kepler Optimization Algorithm (KOA), Dung Beetle Optimizer, Sea-Horse Optimizer, Special Relativity Search, and White Shark Optimizer (WSO). …”
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2D physically unclonable functions of the arbiter type by V. N. Yarmolik, A. A. Ivaniuk

“…The problem of constructing a new class of physically unclonable functions of the arbiter type (APUF) is being solved, based on the difference in delay times for the inputs of numerous modifications of the base element, due to both an increase in the number of inputs and the topology of their connection. Such an  approach allows building two-dimensional physically unclonable functions (2D-APUF), in which, unlike  classical APUF, the challenge generated for each basic element selects a pair of paths not from two possible, but from a larger number of them. …”
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Legal aspects of functional security standardisation of the Internet of Things by P. S. Klimushyn, V. Ye. Roh, T. P. Kolisnyk

“…The architecture of the Internet of Things environments has been defined as a multi-level, heterogeneous system with a complex topology and the use of innovative technologies. The single phenomenon of IoT security has been identified as a complex concept that includes functional security and information security with their interconnection, contradictions, challenges and risks. …”
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A 5.5–7.5‐GHz band‐configurable wake‐up receiver fully integrated in 45‐nm RF‐SOI CMOS by Rui Ma, Florian Protze, Frank Ellinger

“…Based on an uncertain intermediate frequency (IF) super‐heterodyne receiver (RX) topology, the WuRX analogue front‐end (AFE) incorporates a 5.5–7.5‐GHz band‐tunable low‐power low‐noise amplifier, a low‐power Gilbert mixer, a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO), a 100‐MHz IF band‐pass filter (BPF), an envelope detector, a comparator, a pulse generator and a current reference. …”
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Gene expression analysis reveals mir-29 as a linker regulatory molecule among rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and dementia: Insights from systems biology approach... by Devi Soorya Narayana S, Vino Sundararajan

“…We identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and constructed a gene-gene interaction network. Subsequently, topology analysis for hub gene identification, cluster and functional enrichment, and regulatory network analysis were performed. …”
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Deep Learning-Based Dynamic Stable Cluster Head Selection in VANET by Muhammad Asim Saleem, Zhou Shijie, Muhammad Umer Sarwar, Tanveer Ahmad, Amarah Maqbool, Casper Shikali Shivachi, Maham Tariq

“…VANET is the spontaneous evolving creation of a wireless network, and clustering in these networks is a challenging task due to rapidly changing topology and frequent disconnection in networks. The cluster head (CH) stability plays a prominent role in robustness and scalability in the network. …”
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Development of multi-agent information security management system by I. P. Khavina, Yu. V. Hnusov, O. O. Mozhaiev

“…Now there are security analysis systems, for example, that examine the security elements settings of workstations and servers operating systems, analyze the network topology, look for unprotected network connections, examine the settings of firewalls. …”
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Decoding Gestures in Electromyography: Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks for Generalizable and Interpretable Classification by Hunmin Lee, Ming Jiang, Jinhui Yang, Zhi Yang, Qi Zhao

“…Despite these achievements, prevailing methodologies often overlook the intrinsic physical configurations and interconnectivity of multi-channel sensory inputs, resulting in a failure to adequately capture relational information embedded within the connections of deployed EMG sensor network topology. This oversight poses a significant challenge, impeding the extraction of crucial features from collaborative multi-channel EMG inputs and subsequently constraining model performance, generalizability, and interpretability. …”
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Research on water and fertilizer irrigation system of tea plantation by Xuetao Jia, Ying Huang, Yanhua Wang, Daozong Sun

“…Result showed that both time delay and congestion of network increased as the network scale varied from 5, 10, and 15 to 20 nodes. The topology stabilization time gets prolonged simultaneously. …”
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Prediction of the Influential Factors on Eating Behaviors: A Hybrid Model of Structural Equation Modelling-Artificial Neural Networks by Maryam M. Kheirollahpour, Mahmoud M. Danaee, Amir Faisal A. F. Merican, Asma Ahmad A. A. Shariff

“…The hybrid model (SEM-ANN) was conducted using multilayer perceptron (MLP) with feed-forward network topology. Moreover, Levenberg–Marquardt, which is a supervised learning model, was applied as a learning method for MLP training. …”
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Penerapan Mekanisme Komunikasi Multi-hop pada Bluetooth Low Energy by Agung Setia Budi, Muhammad Hanif Azhar Efendi, Adhitya Bhawiyuga, Mochammad Hannats Hanafi Ichsan

“…Pada penelitian ini, topologi yang digunakan adalah topologi tree, dan hardware yang digunakan adalah ESP32. …”
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Graph Neural Network-Based Approach for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks on Voltage Stability by Shahriar Rahman Fahim, Rachad Atat, Cihat Kececi, Abdulrahman Takiddin, Muhammad Ismail, Katherine R. Davis, Erchin Serpedin

“…Simulations were performed on the Iberian power system topology, featuring 486 buses. The proposed model achieves 98.11% average detection rate, which represents a significant enhancement of 10-25% compared to the cutting-edge detectors. …”
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Base editing HbS to HbG-Makassar improves hemoglobin function supporting its use in sickle cell disease by Zachary Kostamo, Manuel A. Ortega, Chavonna Xu, Patricia R. Feliciano, Elizabeth Budak, Daisy Lam, Valerie Winton, Rebecca Jenkins, Archita Venugopal, Margaret Zhang, John Jamieson, Brent Coisman, Kennedy Goldsborough, Britney Hernandez, Celeste K. Kanne, Erica N. Evans, Jordan Zgodny, Yankai Zhang, Jawa Darazim, Ashwin Patel, Michael A. Pendergast, John Manis, Adam J. Hartigan, Giuseppe Ciaramella, Seung-Joo Lee, S. Haihua Chu, Vivien A. Sheehan

“…Purified HbG appears normal and does not polymerize under hypoxia. The topology of the hemoglobin fold with the βΕ6Α mutation is similar to HbA in the oxy and deoxy states. …”
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Improving the efficiency of an optical-to-terahertz converter using sapphire fibers by N. V. Zenchenko, D. V. Lavrukhin, I. A. Glinskiy, D. S. Ponomarev

“…The integrated efficiency of a large-area photoconductive THz emitter was determined taking into account the microstrip topology of the array with a characteristic size of feed strips proportional to the gap width in the OTC and with the upper (masking) metal layer. …”
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Exploration of the Mountainous Urban Rail Transit Resilience Under Extreme Rainfalls: A Case Study in Chongqing, China by Chenhui Liu, Xue Su, Zhichun Wu, Yingjun Zhang, Cuizhu Zhou, Xiangguo Wu, Yong Huang

“…By introducing the metro ridership and topological shortest distances, a network service efficiency function is developed, and the importance of nodes is quantified using service efficiency index and topological importance index. …”
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Determination of the melanin and anthocyanin content in barley grains by digital image analysis using machine learning methods by E. G. Komyshev, M. A. Genaev, I. D. Busov, M. V. Kozhekin, N. V. Artemenko, A.  Y. Glagoleva, V. S. Koval, D. A. Afonnikov

“…The U-Net network model based on the  EfficientNetB0 topology showed the best performance in the holdout set (the value of the “accuracy” parameter was 0.821).…”
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The study of five-level inverters with various PWM by O. A. Lysenko, A. A. Okhotnikov, V. A. Zakharenko, V. Yu. Kobenko

“…The converter considered is a five-level voltage inverter. As the topology of the converter, the structure of the inverter on H-bridges is considered. …”
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Fully CMOS Boost Converter Operating at 2.65 GHz for Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting by Pedro Mendonca Dos Santos, Ricardo Alexandre Marques Lameirinhas, Catarina P. Correia V. Bernardo, Joao Paulo Neto Torres, Antonio Serralheiro, Rafael Vieira, Nuno Lourenco

“…Experimental results also show that the proposed inductor-based fully CMOS DC-DC boost converter has a record low silicon footprint (0.13 mm2) and highest power density (1.1 mW/mm2) when compared with other counterparts resorting to the same boost topology. The fully integrated solution can be used in the power management units of stand-alone or remote integrated systems, for several applications such as biomedical or IoT, usually characterised for ultra-low voltage photovoltaic applications.…”
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The steady-state level of plasma membrane ceramide is regulated by neutral sphingomyelinase 2 by Anne G. Ostermeyer-Fay, Abhay Kanodia, Ranjana Pathak, Maria Jose Hernandez-Corbacho, Aarnoud C. van der Spoel, Yusuf A. Hannun, Daniel Canals

“…The diversity in the ceramide structure, leading to tens of ceramide species and the discrete distribution based on subcellular topology, could explain the wide variety of functions attributed to this bioactive lipid. …”
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High-Coercivity Ferrimagnet Co₂FeO₂BO₃: XMCD Insights into Charge-Ordering and Cation Distribution by Mikhail S. Platunov

“…The findings underline the suitability of Co₂FeO₂BO₃ for applications in extreme environments, such as low temperatures and high magnetic fields, where its unique magnetic topology and anisotropy can be harnessed for advanced technologies, including materials for space exploration and quantum devices. …”
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