Detecting shallow subsurface anomalies with airborne and spaceborne remote sensing: A review by Adam M. Morley, Tamsin A. Mather, David M. Pyle, J-Michael Kendall

“…In this paper, we categorise the ground indicators and potential field characteristics of a general subsurface anomaly before reviewing and documenting over seventy air and space subsurface detection techniques using: photogrammetry, multispectral sensors, thermal infrared, hyperspectral imaging, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), airborne gravity and aeromagnetics. …”
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Heavy Rain Episodes Identified by L-band InSAR and Limitations of Split-Spectrum Method in Indonesia by Naufal Setiawan, Masato Furuya

“…For the first time, we apply L-band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to observe heavy rain in Indonesia. …”
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Retrieving Multiaspect Point Clouds From a Multichannel K-Band SAR Drone by Peter Brotzer, Emiliano Casalini, David Small, Alexander Damm, Elias Mendez Dominguez

“…Satellite and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems are frequently used for topographic mapping. …”
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Mine Geological Environment Monitoring and Risk Assessment in Arid and Semiarid Areas by Jiaqi Jin, Chicheng Yan, Yixuan Tang, Yilong Yin

“…Based on the above background, this thesis takes the coal mining area in the arid and semiarid regions as an example; applies the theories of ecology, coal mining subsidence, geodesy, and ecological restoration; uses remote sensing in synthetic aperture radar (SAR), geographic information system (GIS), and mathematical modelling to reveal the ecological evolution law of the mining area; measures the ecological damage of the mining area; and then proposes a reasonable ecological restoration strategy. …”
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FEVT-SAR: Multicategory Oriented SAR Ship Detection Based on Feature Enhancement Vision Transformer by Minding Fang, Yu Gu, Dongliang Peng

“…Issues such as complex noise interference and the long-tail distribution of data present many challenges to the multicategory ship detection task in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. This article proposes an efficient multicategory-oriented SAR ship detector, which adopts a powerful lightweight feature enhancement vision transformer (FEViT) backbone for a comprehensive feature representation in SAR ship images and, hence, is referred to as FEVT-SAR. …”
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Lateral flexure of Erebus Ice Tongue due to ocean current forcing and fast ice coupling by Rodrigo Gomez-Fell, Wolfgang Rack, Oliver J. Marsh, Heather Purdie

“…A three-year time series (2017–2020) of synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) and differential interferometry (DInSAR) is used to observe the lateral flexure of the 10 km long Erebus Ice Tongue as a result of ocean currents. …”
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Surface Multi-Hazard Effects of Underground Coal Mining in Mountainous Regions by Xuwen Tian, Xin Yao, Zhenkai Zhou, Tao Tao

“…Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology and the logistic subsidence prediction method, this study investigated the evolution of surface subsidence induced by underground mining activities and its impact on the triggering of multiple surface hazards. …”
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Space-based long term condition monitoring of cold region pavement with PS-InSAR by Yusheng Jiang, Xiong Yu

“…This study demonstrates space-based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology as a potential way to monitor seasonal pavement elevation change in cold region. …”
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Rapid Flood Monitoring Using Sentinel-1 and Landsat-8 Images (Case study: Kashkan River, Poldakhter City) by Peyman Peymankhah, Sara Attarchi, Meysam Moharrami

“…Flood is known as one of the natural disasters that cause financial and human losses not only in developing countries but also in the developed countries. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors are an essential data source for flood crisis planners and experts, because they have the ability to image the earth's surface independently of weather conditions and time of the day. …”
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Coseismic deformation and seismogenic structure of the 2024 Hualien Earthquake measured by InSAR and GNSS by Jiangtao Qiu, Lingyun Ji, Liangyu Zhu, Yongsheng Li, Chuanjin Liu, Qiang Zhao

“…In this study, we employed ascending and descending orbit Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and utilized differential interferometry (InSAR) technique to obtain the co-seismic deformation field of this event. …”
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Dual-Polarimetric SAR Measurements to Observe Liquefaction Surface Manifestations by Ferdinando Nunziata, Anna Verlanti, Nicola Angelo Famiglietti, Maurizio Migliaccio, Annamaria Vicari

“…In this study, a methodology is proposed to use dual-polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to identify the spatial distribution of soil liquefaction. …”
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Oscillatory response of Larsen C Ice Shelf flow to the calving of iceberg A-68 by Katherine A. Deakin, Frazer D. W. Christie, Karla Boxall, Ian C. Willis

“…Here, we use high temporal resolution Sentinel-1A/B synthetic aperture radar-derived observations to assess the velocity response of Larsen C Ice Shelf (LCIS) to the calving of colossal iceberg A-68 in 2017. …”
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Mapping hierarchical wetland characteristics by optical-SAR integration with collaborative spatial-spectral-temporal learning by Linwei Yue, Meiyue Wang, Chengpeng Huang, Qing Cheng, Qiangqiang Yuan, Huanfeng Shen

“…The learning-based integration of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite imagery is known to be effective in promoting the accuracy of wetland land-cover classification. …”
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Mapping the forests and their spatiotemporal changes in the Yellow River Basin (Gansu section) in China from 2008 to 2018 by Quanfu Niu, Mingzhi Liu, Bo Liu, Gang Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Xiujie Liu, Weiming Cheng, Kegong Li

“…Utilizing PALSAR (Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) and Landsat data, this study gathered forest/non-forest samples and formulated classification rules using the backscatter coefficients from PALSAR’s HH, HV, HH-HV, and HH/HV polarizations to generate monthly 30-meter forest data. …”
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Antarctic ice-shelf meltwater outflows in satellite radar imagery: ground-truthing and basal channel observations by Jakob Stanley Hamann, Thomas Arney, James David Kirkham, Paul Wachter, Karsten Gohl

“…In this study, we utilize Sentinel-1A synthetic aperture radar satellite imagery combined with shipboard measurements of water temperature and salinity to investigate the presence of surficial meltwater plumes along the Antarctic coastline. …”
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Fast 3D Transmission Tower Detection Based on Virtual Views by Liwei Zhou, Jiaying Tan, Jing Fu, Guiwei Shao

“…Advanced remote sensing technologies leverage extensive synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite data and high-resolution airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data to swiftly capture comprehensive 3D information about electrical grid assets and their surrounding environments. …”
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Speckle Filtering Impact on Land Cover Mapping Using the Combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images (Case study: Bandar Mahshahr) by Mohammad Hossein Hajarian, Sara Attarchi, Seyyed Kazem Alavi Panah

“…Accurate and up to date maps play an important role in urban planning. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors provides unique information from the Earth surface due to their imaging capabilities in all-weather condition. …”
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Multisegment Parallel Coregistration of Sentinel-1 SAR Time-Series Images by Combining OpenMP With MPI by Yonghui Kang, Yonghong Zhang, Hong'an Wu, Jujie Wei, Xiaoxue Sun, Yue Zuo

“…Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, with its wide-swath imaging capabilities, provides crucial data for large-area interferometric SAR (InSAR) surface deformation monitoring. …”
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Aftershock Spatiotemporal Activity and Coseismic Slip Model of the 2022 Mw 6.7 Luding Earthquake: Fault Geometry Structures and Complex Rupture Characteristics by Qibo Hu, Hongwei Liang, Hongyi Li, Xinjian Shan, Guohong Zhang

“…To better understand the underlying driving mechanisms, this study first uses the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique to obtain static surface displacements, which are then combined with Global Positioning System (GPS) data to invert the coseismic slip distribution. …”
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An Imaging Method for Marine Targets in Corner Reflector Jamming Scenario Based on Time–Frequency Analysis and Modified Clean Technique by Changhong Chen, Wenkang Liu, Yuexin Gao, Lei Cui, Quan Chen, Jixiang Fu, Mengdao Xing

“…In the corner reflector jamming scenario, the ship target and the corner reflector array have different degrees of defocusing in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image due to their complex motions, which is unfavorable to the subsequent target recognition. …”
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