Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System by Costas Tsioufis, Athanasios Kordalis, Dimitris Flessas, Ioannis Anastasopoulos, Dimitris Tsiachris, Vasilios Papademetriou, Christodoulos Stefanadis

“…Among the characteristics of patients with RH, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and aldosterone excess are covering a great area of the mosaic of RH phenotype. Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity is present in all these underlying conditions, supporting its crucial role in the pathophysiology of antihypertensive treatment resistance. …”
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Relevance of Sympathetic Nervous System Activation in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome by Alicia A. Thorp, Markus P. Schlaich

“…It is less readily acknowledged that activation of the sympathetic nervous system is integral in energy homeostasis and can exert profound metabolic effects. …”
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Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System by Jeanie Park

“…One mechanism underlying increased cardiovascular risk in patients with renal failure includes overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Multiple human and animal studies have shown that central sympathetic outflow is chronically elevated in patients with both end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). …”
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Metabolic control of ovarian function through the sympathetic nervous system: role of leptin by Camila Astudillo-Guerrero, Alfonso H. Paredes, Jorge Escobar, Daniela Fernandois, Rafael Barra, Gonzalo Cruz

“…Some of these hormones are leptin, insulin, and GLP-1 that act directly in the hypothalamus to activate the sympathetic nervous system. In this minireview, we propose that leptin could be an important regulator of sympathetic innervation in reproductive tissues. …”
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Exendin-4 Exacerbates Burn-Induced Morbidity in Mice by Activation of the Sympathetic Nervous System by Xiao-Jing Ji, Ji-Wei Hao, Guang-Lei Li, Ning Dong, Xin-Qi Wang, Min Zhou, Qing-Hong Zhang, Yong-Ming Yao

“…Exendin-4 suppresses T cell function and promotes organ inflammation through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, while elicits Th2 switch via GLP-1R in burn injury.…”
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Focusing on Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 and the Sympathetic Nervous System: Potential Impact in Diabetic Retinopathy by Lakshini Y. Herat, Vance B. Matthews, P. Elizabeth Rakoczy, Revathy Carnagarin, Markus Schlaich

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The Brain-Heart Connection in Takotsubo Syndrome: The Central Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, and Catecholamine Overload by Xiaopu Wang, Junyu Pei, Xinqun Hu

“…The current understanding of the pathogenesis of TTS suggests that sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation plays a central role. …”
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Psychological Stress and the Cutaneous Immune Response: Roles of the HPA Axis and the Sympathetic Nervous System in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis by Jessica M. F. Hall, desAnges Cruser, Alan Podawiltz, Diana I. Mummert, Harlan Jones, Mark E. Mummert

“…Herein, we will review the roles of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system on the cutaneous immune response. …”
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Coupling Bio-Resonance Neurotechnology (BRNT) and Dual Hemispheric Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Reduces Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Generali... by Sunder K, Makale MT, Makale M, Bodhanapati J, Murphy KT, Dennen CA, Baron D, Thanos PK, Hanna C, Ashford Jnr JW, Lewandrowski KU, Blum K

Subjects: “…parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems…”
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Relationships of Adrenoceptor Polymorphisms with Obesity by Kazuko Masuo, Gavin W. Lambert

“…Reduced energy expenditure and resting metabolic rate are predictive of weight gain, and the sympathetic nervous system participates in regulating energy balance through thermogenesis. …”
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Local sympathetic nerve depletion does not alter vitiligo progression in a mouse model by Zhichao Hu, Zhichao Hu, Ting Chen, Ting Chen, Ting Chen, Daoming Chen

“…Vitiligo, an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by melanocyte loss, has long been associated with sympathetic nervous system activity. Clinical observations have suggested links between psychological stress, sympathetic activation, and vitiligo progression. …”
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Obesity-Related Metabolic Syndrome: Mechanisms of Sympathetic Overactivity by Maria Paola Canale, Simone Manca di Villahermosa, Giuliana Martino, Valentina Rovella, Annalisa Noce, Antonino De Lorenzo, Nicola Di Daniele

“…The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome has increased worldwide over the past few years. Sympathetic nervous system overactivity is a key mechanism leading to hypertension in patients with the metabolic syndrome. …”
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Heart Rate Monitoring During Behavioral Stress Tests in Bold and Shy Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) by Eleftherios Kasiouras, Gautier Riberolles, Albin Gräns, Andreas Ekström, Johan Höjesjö, Jonathan A. C. Roques, Erik Sandblom, Lynne U. Sneddon

“…To determine whether personality affects the sympathetic nervous system, heart rate was measured during three potentially stressful events as a proxy for sympathetic nervous system responses. …”
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Renal Denervation Influences Angiotensin II Types 1 and 2 Receptors by Hajaralsadat Hosseini-Dastgerdi, Fatemeh Kharazmi, Ali-Asghar Pourshanazari, Mehdi Nematbakhsh

“…Another aspect of this interaction is that the sympathetic nervous system affects the function and expression of local RAS receptors, mainly Ang II receptors. …”
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Present Evidence of Determinants to Predict the Efficacy of Renal Denervation by Hao Zhou, Yanping Xu, Weijie Chen, Liang Wang, Huaan Du, Hang Liu, Zhiyu Ling, Yuehui Yin

“…Renal denervation (RDN) has been evidenced by series of clinical trials for its efficacy and safety to treat overactivated sympathetic nervous system induced diseases. However, the results were inconsistent and not all patients benefited from RDN. …”
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The Cushing Reflex: Oliguria as a Reflection of an Elevated Intracranial Pressure by K. Leyssens, T. Mortelmans, T. Menovsky, D. Abramowicz, Marcel Th. B. Twickler, L. Van Gaal

“…We hypothesize that the Cushing reflex is translated towards the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with a subsequent reduction in medullary blood flow and oliguria. …”
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Essential Hypertension: An Approach to Its Etiology and Neurogenic Pathophysiology by Juan J. Bolívar

“…Evidence indicating that this anomaly in the pressure natriuresis relationship arises from a sympathetic nervous system dysfunction is briefly formulated, and the most widely accepted pathophysiologic proposal to explain the development of this sympathetic dysfunction is described, with commentaries about novel action mechanisms of some drugs currently used in essential hypertension treatment.…”
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Spontaneous Bladder Rupture in a Catatonic Schizophrenia Patient by Megumi Miyakoshi, Takayuki Arai, Shin Kurose, Masataka Kaji, Jun Nakane, Mitsumoto Onaya, Akihiro Koreki

“…Catatonia is a psychiatric emergency in schizophrenia that often leads to excessive activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Urinary retention in catatonia is often underestimated but has potentially detrimental consequences. …”
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Pseudopheochromocytoma Associated with Domestic Assault by H. M. Le, G. Carbutti, D. Ilisei, E. Bouccin, X. Vandemergel

“…Unlike pheochromocytoma, there is no catecholamines overproduction in this pathology: hypertensive peaks are caused by a hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, which is often triggered by a psychological trauma in the past. …”
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A Possible Change Process of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Prolonged Chronic Stress and Its Ultimate Implications for Health by Rui Tian, Gonglin Hou, Dan Li, Ti-Fei Yuan

“…At the early stage of stress, the activated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) axis can upregulate the levels of glucocorticoid (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs), respectively, and then they in turn inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines directly or indirectly while promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. …”
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