L’iconographie de la croix sur les sarcophages du haut Moyen Âge en Gaule by Anne Flammin

“…After having been considered a sign of infamy, it became a symbol of victory, a “trophy cross” during the reign of Emperor Constantine. …”
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Supply Chain Risk Prevention and Control Based on Fuzzy Influence Diagram and Discrete Hopfield Neural Network by Xin Su, Maohua Zhong

“…Risk prevention and control is a safety symbol for supply chains. To explore different influence degrees of multirisk factors and multilinks on enterprises, we propose a supply chain risk prevention and control model based on a fuzzy influence diagram and Hopfield neural network. …”
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From the Capitol to the Heartland: Analyzing Congressional Rhetoric and the "Flyover Country" Narrative by Phillip Ardoin

“…Initially a benign geographic descriptor, "flyover country" has transformed into a potent symbol of cultural and political identity, particularly among Republican members of Congress. …”
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Blind separation of asymmetric PCMA signal based on soft information joint correction by Qiang HUANG, Hua PENG, Tian-yun LI, Ke-xian GONG

“…On the basis of a blind separation structure with low complexity,an efficient blind separation algorithm based on soft information joint correction was proposed for asymmetric PCMA to improve the demodulation performance of strong and weak signals.By utilizing the demodulation mutual influence between the strong and weak signals,this algorithm tried to correct the receiving symbols of strong signal with high error probability.Comparing the symbol constellation quality (soft information) of signals before and after correction,it can be decided whether the hard decision values of strong and weak signals need to be modified,which efficiently reduce the demodulation error rate of strong and weak signals.The simulation results show that,the demodulation error rate of strong and weak signals can be reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude after joint correction especially when the signal to noise ratio of strong signal is higher than 17 dB,and the computational complexity of this algorithm is lower than that of the conventional reconstruction cancellation algorithm.…”
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25 Gbit/s transmission performance using duo-binary detection with 10 Gbit/s-PON receiver by Yongjia YIN, Yong GUO, Zhuang MA

“…IEEE has formed the 100 Gbit/s-EPON Task Force to develop next 100 Gbit/s-PON standards，and the duo-binary(DB) detection is one of the baseband technology options.25 Gbit/s DB detection transmission performance with 10 Gbit/s-PON receiver was been experimentally demonstrated.Because the bandwidth of 10 Gbit/s- PON receiver is obviously limited,the 25 Gbit/s DB output signal from 10 Gbit/s-PON receiver will be affected by the inter-symbol interference(ISI).The experiment results show that the system receiving sensitivity based on direct decision method is only -22 dBm.However,the system receiving sensitivity can be up to -24.5 dBm by using the most simplified maximum likelihood sequence estimation(MLSE) soft decision method.…”
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SINR performance analysis of DFT spread generalized multi-carrier system by RUI Yun1, LI Ming-qi1, ZHOU Qin-ying1, ZHANG Xiao-dong1, YI Hui-yue1, HU Hong-lin1

“…A signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio（SINR） performance analysis method of discrete fourier transform spread generalized multi-carrier（DFT-S-GMC） system was proposed.The closed-form SINR expression based on simpli-fied frequency-domain equivalent implementation structure and MMSE equalization for receiver is derived by channel frequency response and noise variance,considering inter-block（IFBT symbol） residual interference multiplexed in time domain.Moreover,it can be easily extended to multi-receive antenna.By simulation results,it is shown that with pro-posed equivalent SINR,the BLock error rate（BLER） performance of DFT-S-GMC over slow fading channel is well matched with that over AWGN channel.…”
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Decision-aided-based multiple blind PN code estimation algorithm of asynchronous CDMA signal by Zhaoyang QIU, Tianyun LI, Xiangming CHEN

“…Aiming at the problem of blind estimation of multi-user pseudo-code of multi-path asynchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) signal,using the finite element (FA) characteristic of transmitted symbol,a decision aid (DA) method based on maximum likelihood was proposed.A two-step iterative estimation structure for PN code,transmitted bit and channel was designed to realize the estimation of multiple user code in asynchronous CDMA system with superior performance.Moreover,the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of PN code estimation in asynchronous CDMA signal was derived to evaluate the performance of proposed method.Simulation indicates significant improvement in performance which is close to the theory bound of the proposed method compared to commonly-used iterative least square with projection (ILSP) method.The method can also achieve superior estimation when the user number increases.…”
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A low-complexity detection algorithm for quadrature spatial modulation systems by Kai LUO, Junwei HUANG, Pengguang ZHOU, Hao XU, Can WU

“…To tackle the issues of the uncertainty number of the activated antennas and high computational complexity of maximum likelihood (ML) detection algorithm in quadrature spatial modulation (QSM),a low-complexity detec-tion algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the system model was reconstructed into a new model suitable for low-complexity detection algorithms in fixed active antennas systems based on compressed sensing (CS) signal re-construction theory.Then,based on the idea of orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm and reconstructed model,a candidate set of activated antennas was obtained.Lastly,using ML algorithm to search the candidate,the index of activated antennas and the modulation symbol were selected.Simulation results show that the proposed de-tector is capable of achieving about 90% reduction in complexity with low performance loss compared with ML al-gorithm.…”
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De la compétence de service aux compétences de coordination et d’orchestration : Autour du conseiller funéraire by Sandrine Caroly, Pascale Trompette

“…In describing the funeral director, who is the symbol of funeral services, we gain access to the main skill registries of funeral operators during the entire provision of services, which include: the handling of the deceased, the public service, and the funeral ritual. …”
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Kaffeehausliteraten und Exilliteratur im Kontext von Marc Augés Pariser Bistro: Kracauer, Roth und Kesten by Jan T. Schlosser

“…The café is no longer a positive symbol of joie de vivre. The disillusionment over the city and the café marked by uniformity, anonymity and a lack of history forms the leitmotif of Roth’s and Kracauer’s texts. …”
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‘Whose Gold Is This?’ The Gold of the Dutch Golden Coach by Annemarie de Wildt

“…An exhibition at the Amsterdam Museum (2021-2022) exposed the Golden Coach's complex history along these three layers of interpretation, leading to its transformation from a national symbol to a colonial object and contributing to broader discussions of slavery and colonialism in the Netherlands. …”
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Graham Greene’s Journey Without Maps and the Fascination of the Abomination by John AIREY

“…‘Civilisation’, of which Christianity is often used as a symbol in the text, is on the wrong track according to the narrator since it is based on the repression, if not the distortion, of a part of reality. …”
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Le biopic du sportif américain by Rémi Fontanel

“….), paving the way towards a progressive or populist symbol for the nation.…”
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Loop interference suppression based on space projection in full-duplex MIMO relays by Ji-song YANG, Hao LIU, Chen SUN

“…The system model including base station,full duplex MIMO relay and user station was established,and then obtained the loop interference matrix.While the case that loop interference signal's maximum multipath delay was greater than the symbol period was taken into account,signal space projection filters were designed to suppress the loop interference according to the space expanded by loop feedback interference matrix.Confronted the loop interference ma-trix full rank or not,filter design was based on subspace projection or null space projection algorithm.It was discussed that the projection algorithm how to influence the residual interference signal and the bit error rate of the relay station.Theoretical analysis and simulation results prove that the proposed space projection algorithm has ideal effect on sup-pressing loop interference.…”
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Non-coherent demodulation algorithm of MSK based on differential composite by Wenbiao TIAN, Peng WANG, Guosheng RUI, Yang ZHANG

“…The algorithm extends the range of MSK demodulation anti-Doppler frequency offset, and is superior to similar algorithm in complexity and decision delay time, slightly higher than 1 symbol differential algorithm corresponding value, which provides a new means for demodulation of MSK under Doppler frequency offset.…”
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Pilot-assisted non-cyclic prefixed SFBC-OFDM by REN Shu-bo, SHANG Yong, GUO Jun-qi, XIANG Hai-ge

“…Unlike in the traditional cyclic prefixed SFBC-OFDM system, the transmitted sequence of the proposed system was designed in the way that block-type pilot sequences and OFDM symbols derived from the SFBC scheme had been arranged alternately without any cyclic prefix （CP） before each OFDM symbol. …”
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Two-Weight, Weak-Type Norm Inequalities for Fractional Integral Operators and Commutators on Weighted Morrey and Amalgam Spaces by Hua Wang

“…Let 0<γ<n and Iγ be the fractional integral operator of order γ, Iγfx=∫ℝnx−yγ−nfydy and let b,Iγ be the linear commutator generated by a symbol function b and Iγ, b,Iγfx=bx⋅Iγfx−Iγbfx. This paper is concerned with two-weight, weak-type norm estimates for such operators on the weighted Morrey and amalgam spaces. …”
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Underwater acoustic OFDM channel equalization based on virtual time reversal mirror by Yan-ling YIN, Gang QIAO, Song-zuo LIU

“…To solve the problem of the severe inter-symbol interference of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication caused by underwater acoustic multipath channel,a virtual time reversal channel equalization scheme was proposed.VTRM was able to shorten the channel impulse response and alleviate the phase distortion caused by the acoustic channel for its characteristic of the temporal compression and phase conjugation in frequency domain.The matching pursuit (MP) algorithm was applied to estimate the channel impulse response which could estimate the channel amplitude,time delay and phase accurately.It provided the channel information for the VTRM channel equalization.It also improved a lot compared to the traditional matching correlation channel estimation method which couldn't estimate the channel phase and the estimation precision was low.The simulation,pool trail and Songhua lake experiment show that the performance of VTRM channel equalization is better than that of the PTRM and LS channel equalization in the OFDM underwater acoustic communication.…”
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Comparing Optimal Portfolio Performance Based on Skew-Normal Distribution and Skew-Laplace-Normal Distribution: A Mean-Absolute Deviation-Entropy Approach by Hila Rezaei, Gholamhossien Golarzi, Omid Karimi

“…Additionally, upon analyzing the descriptive statistics of the symbols, it's evident that the kurtosis of most stock symbols is substantial. …”
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From Law Book to Legal Book: The Origin of a Species by Michael Widener

“…These images highlight the book’s function in law as symbol, text, and artifact. The article concludes by pointing to opportunities for collecting, research, and teaching that the broader definition of »legal book« presents for curators and the historians they serve. …”
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