Associations of Abnormal Sleep Duration and Chronotype with Higher Risk of Incident Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study by Gan Zhang, Wen Cao, Zhuoya Wang, Kailin Xia, Binbin Deng, Dongsheng Fan

“…Despite the limitations imposed by the study design and the subjectivity of sleep information, our findings suggest that sleep disturbances may influence the risk of developing ALS.…”
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Designing a sustainable closed-loop supply chain using robust possibilistic-stochastic programming in pentagonal fuzzy numbers by Seyyed Jalaladdin Hosseini Dehshiri, Maghsoud Amiri, Mostafa Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, Mehdi Keshavarz-Ghorabaee, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Jurgita Antuchevičienė

“…Using Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers (PFNs) has higher comprehensiveness and accuracy than triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers due to taking into account higher uncertainty, less lack of information, and taking into account maximum subjectivity Decision-Makers (DMs). There is a gap in the literature regarding the use of PFNs in SCLSC problems. …”
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Sexuality post gynaecological cancer treatment: a qualitative study with South African women by Jennifer Moodley, Sorrel Pitcher, Nazia Fakie, Tracey Adams, Lynette Denny

“…On average, the participants were between 12 and 30 months post treatment.Results Women expressed how their sexual functioning post treatment was both nuanced and complex, how heteronormative gender expectations influenced their intimate relationships, and how they experienced a re-embodiment of their sexual subjectivity post treatment. Participants felt that more sexual functioning information from healthcare providers, as well as peer support groups, would assist them in navigating the sexuality changes they experienced.Conclusions The findings of this study broaden conceptualisations of sexuality post treatment by detailing the ways that it is complex, nuanced, relational and ever shifting. …”
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COMPARISON MEASUREMENT AND CALCULATION OF BRAIN TUMOR IN MRI MODALITIES UTILISING SPIN-ECHO PULSE SEQUENCE T1-WEIGHTED CONTRAST AND DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING APPLICATIONS by Maizza Nadia Putri, Kusworo Adi, M.Irwan Katili, Sidin Hariyanto, Dwi Rochmayanti

“…Background: Evaluation of brain tumor MRI image results performed by radiologists employing the linear measurement method has several weaknesses and is sensitive to subjectivity. Purpose: To compare the results of measurements and calculations of brain tumors utilizing the linear measurement method on the Siemens 1.5 Tesla MRI modality employing pulse sequence spin echo with T1 contrast weighting compared with the results of measurements and calculations of brain tumors utilizing the active contour segmentation method. …”
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Association Analysis of Food Risk Factors Based on Improved FP-growth Algorithm by YU Jiabin, MA Xinyue, ZHAO Zhiyao, WANG Xiaoyi, ZHANG Xin, CUI Xiaoyu, BAI Yuting, CHEN Shuaixiang

“…In order to solve the problems of strong subjectivity and low targeting in sampling decision-making that exist in food safety surveillance sampling, this study proposed a correlation analysis method based on an improved Frequent Pattern-growth (FP-growth) algorithm for food risk factors. …”
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METHOD AND ALGORITHMS OF CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS OF RELIABILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH MULTIVARIATE DATA by E. M. Farhadzadeh, A. Z. Muradaliyev, T. K. Rafiyeva, S. A. Abdullayeva

“…Some factors, such as lack of operating experience and subjectivity of the intuitive approach lead to the essential risk of making the incorrect decision. …”
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Out-of-distribution generalization for segmentation of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer by Yiannis Varnava, Kiran Jakate, Richard Garnett, Dimitrios Androutsos, Pascal N. Tyrrell, April Khademi

“…We provide the first evidence for computing equivalence margins that are data-dependent, which reduces subjectivity. The proposed framework shows the ensembled models constructed from models that generalized across both tumor and normal patches enhanced performance, achieving an F1 score of 0.81 for LNM classification on unseen ID and OOD samples. …”
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Displacing the Christian Theodicy of Hell: Yi Kwangsu’s Search for the Willful Individual in Colonial Modernity by Jun-Hyeok Kwak, Mengxiao Huang

“…Second, in comparison with Lu Xun’s sympathetic relocation of Christian spirituality within the traditional Chinese imaginaries of hell in his longing for modern subjectivity, we explore Yi’s hybrid religiosity within colonial modernity, the vitality of which cannot be confined within the simple dichotomy between Western and non-Western cultures. …”
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Evaluating approaches for integrating species distributions in spatial conservation planning by Jason M. Winiarski, Amy A. Shipley, Drew N. Fowler, Matthew D. Palumbo, Jacob N. Straub

“…The WWHCS DST relies on waterfowl habitat suitability layers derived through expert opinion in lieu of species distributions, a common approach in DSTs. Given the subjectivity of expert opinion, model‐driven species distributions such as those available from community science projects could provide more reliable information and better identify areas for waterfowl conservation. …”
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Features of nutrition of women and children in Ishim district of Omsk region during the Great Patriotic War by A. A. Frolova

“…The periodical press presented by the local newspaper «Hammer and Sickle» helps to reconstruct the picture of everyday life of the Ishim people during the Great Patriotic War. Despite the subjectivity of the sources, based on the memories of the participants in the events, one can draw up a single picture of everyday life, identify the features of this period. …”
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THE ANTROPOLOGY OF GENDER BY VASIL ROSANOV AND THE ETHICS OF SEXUAL DIFFERENCE BY LUCE IRIGARAY by I. V. Tolstov, V. M. Petrushov

“…The important similarity between Rozanov’s and Irigaray’s concepts is the assertion of female subjectivity as equivalent to male one. The female equivalent of sexuality by Rozanov manifests itself in the concept of "cunnicentrism", but by Irigaray, it is in the metonymy of "two lips". …”
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Authority and Moral Conflicts in the Films of Adébáyọ Fálétí: Àfọ̀njá, Gáà, Ṣawo Ṣẹ̀gbẹ̀rì and the Yorùbá Cosmopolis by Olayinka Agbetuyi

“…In addition, he stated that cultural studies deal with subjectivity and identity or how we come to be the kinds of people we are. …”
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Voice analysis and deep learning for detecting mental disorders in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study by Hikaru Ooba, Jota Maki, Hisashi Masuyama

“…Traditional screening tools, such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), present limitations due to subjectivity and time constraints in clinical settings. …”
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Indice de vulnerabilidad estructural ante los efectos de remoción en masa en edificaciones de mampostería basado en conjuntos difusos Structural vulnerability index to the effects... by Esperanza Maldonado Rondón, Gustavo Chio Cho

“…Due to the imprecision and subjectivity of the opinions, data was processed by means of fuzzy logic techniques. …”
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DEFINING THE CONCEPTS & APPROACHES IN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE STUDIES by Ali Asadpour

“…These approaches represented the movement from documentation to interpretation, objectivity to subjectivity, and primitive to ordinary in the studies. …”
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The functional instrumental test of flexion-extension motion in the radiocarpal joint: reference parameters by Dmitry V. Skvortsov, Danila A. Lobunko, Galina Е. Ivanova

“…The current approaches, such as Clinical scales and Questionnaires, are being criticized for subjectivity and insufficient precision. It is necessary to develop an instrumental method for evaluating the functions of the upper limb, the method that is applicable in the clinical settings. …”
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Using Attention for Improving Defect Detection in Existing RC Bridges by Sergio Ruggieri, Angelo Cardellicchio, Andrea Nettis, Vito Reno, Giuseppina Uva

“…However, surveying RC bridges presents several challenges, such as the high costs and effort required by the surveyors, the subjectivity in assessing identified defects, and the possible lapses of attention when inspections are systematically repeated on different bridges. …”
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A decision-making method for supplier selection in industrial manufacturing industry: A mathematical framework of integrating analytical hierarchical process and reliability risk e... by Chandan Chandra Sheel, S M Atikur Rahman, Tarapada Bhowmick

“…The AHP is utilized for multi-attribute decision-making among various vendors, effectively addressing the inherent biases, vagueness, and subjectivity in human decision-making. The Eigenvalue of the AHP is calculated in Excel using specific formulas, with the consistency index being determined each time. …”
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Influence of human settlements factors on the spatial distribution patterns of traditional villages in Liaoning province by Guiqiao Tao, Xueming Li, Shenzhen Tian, Hang Li, Yishan Song

“…However, the existing literature is one-sided and subjectivity in revealing the influencing factors, making it difficult to form accurate and comprehensive protection policies. …”
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Professional judgement: a social practice perspective on a multiple mini-interview for specialty training selection by Chris Roberts, Annette Burgess, Karyn Mossman, Koshila Kumar

“…Much of the published research focuses on the psychometrics of selection and the impact of rater subjectivity. Within the context of selecting for entry into specialty postgraduate training, we used an interpretivist and socio-constructivist approach to explore how and why interviewers make judgments in high stakes selection settings whilst taking part in an MMI. …”
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