Morphological and Chemical Changes in the Hemolymph of the Wax Moth <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Infected by the Entomopathogenic Fungus <i>Conidiobolus coronatus</i> by Mieczysława Irena Boguś, Agata Kaczmarek, Anna Katarzyna Wrońska, Mikołaj Drozdowski, Lena Siecińska, Ewelina Mokijewska, Marek Gołębiowski

“…Its composition can provide important information about the physiological state of an insect and can have diagnostic significance, which might be particularly important in the case of harmful insects subjected to biological control. <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Linnaeus 1758 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a global pest to honey bee colonies. …”
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Duodenal Organoids From Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Patients Exhibit Absorptive and Barrier Alterations by Alia Hadefi, Morgane Leprovots, Gilles Dinsart, Maryam Marefati, Marjorie Vermeersch, Daniel Monteyne, David Pérez-Morga, Anne Lefort, Frédérick Libert, Laurine Verset, Claire Liefferinckx, Christophe Moreno, Jacques Devière, Eric Trépo, Marie-Isabelle Garcia

“…Biopsies and patient-derived organoid transcriptomes were then analyzed to evaluate if specific intestinal pathways were differentially modulated in MASH subjects. Functional assays were performed to assess the duodenal epithelial absorptive potential and barrier functionality. …”
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Evaluating Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Ultrasound by Togay Evrin, Semih Korkut, Leyla Ozturk Sonmez, Lukasz Szarpak, Burak Katipoglu, Jacek Smereka, Ramazan Guven, Evrim Eylem Akpinar

“…A total of 61 patients with COPD and 40 healthy subjects who had been admitted to Ufuk University Hospital between December 2018 and May 2019 were enrolled. …”
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Search for signals of positive selection of circadian rhythm genes <i>PER1</i>, <i>PER2</i>, <i>PER3</i> in different human populations by A. I. Mishina, S. Y. Bakoev, A. Y. Oorzhak, A. A. Keskinov, Sh. Sh. Kabieva, A. V. Korobeinikova, V. S. Yudin, M. M. Bobrova, D. A. Shestakov, V. V. Makarov, L. V. Getmantseva

“…The comparative analysis performed identified points subject to selection pressure. The SNPs were annotated through the GWAS catalog and manually by analyzing Internet resources. …”
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Ocular inoculation of toad venom: toxic cataract and proteomic profiling by Danni Lyu, Danni Lyu, Shuang Ni, Shuang Ni, Jia Xu, Jia Xu, Sha Zhu, Sha Zhu, Jing-Wei Xu, Jing-Wei Xu, Yixuan Feng, Yixuan Feng, Ce Shi, Ce Shi, Wen Xu, Wen Xu

“…Anterior capsule, nucleus, and cortex specimens from the patient (designated as PT_CAP, PT_PHACO, and PT_CTX, respectively) and age-related cataract controls (C_CAP, C_PHACO, and C_CTX, respectively) were collected and subjected to 4D label-free quantitative proteomics.ResultsA multitude of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the patient’s lens compared to those in the controls. …”
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Study protocol for an observational cohort study of heat stress impacts in pregnancy in The Gambia, West Africa [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Jane E Hirst, Ana Bonell, Abdul Sesay, Leonidas G. Ioannou, Bubacarr Bah, Kris A. Murray, Andy Haines, Sophie E. Moore, David Jeffries, Neil S Maxwell, Ana Vicero-Cabrera, Apolline Saucy, Cally Tan, Emmanuel Okoh, Dorothy Watters, Bakary Sonko, Williams Oluwatosin Adefila, Yahaya Idris, Mam Leigh-Nabou, Jarra Manneh, Andreas Flouris, Sainabou Bojang, Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri, Andrew Prentice

“…The key objectives of the study are to 1) map exposure to heat stress in the cohort and understand what environmental, social and community factors increase the risk of extreme heat exposure; 2) assess the impact of heat stress on maternal health, e.g. heat strain, subjective psychological well-being, sleep and activity level; 3) evaluate how heat stress impacts placenta structure and function; 4) determine how chronic heat exposure impacts birth outcomes; and 5) explore the epigenetic changes in the placenta and infant by heat stress exposure per trimester. …”
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Deep brain stimulation-entrained gamma oscillations in chronic home recordings in Parkinson's disease by Maria Olaru, Amelia Hahn, Maria Shcherbakova, Simon Little, Wolf-Julian Neumann, Reza Abbasi-Asl, Philip A. Starr

“…Methods: We used a sensing-enabled deep brain stimulator system, attached to both motor cortex and subthalamic (n = 15) or pallidal (n = 5) leads, to record 993 h of multisite field potentials, with 656 h recorded prior to initiating stimulation. 13 subjects (20 hemispheres) with Parkinson's disease (1/13 female, mean age 59 ± 9 years) streamed data while at home on their usual antiparkinsonian medication. …”
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The Validity of a Smartphone-Based Application for Assessing Cognitive Function in the Elderly by Jin-Young Min, Duri Kim, Hana Jang, Hyunjoo Kim, Soojin Kim, Seungbo Lee, Yae-eun Seo, Ye-jin Kim, Jong-yoon Kim, Kyoung-Bok Min

“…<b>Conclusions:</b> The smartphone app-based Brain OK test was feasible for assessing cognitive function and acceptable for identifying subjects with cognitive impairment. The results suggest Brain OK complements traditional in-person cognitive assessments and may help enhance cognitive health dialogue between doctors and patients.…”
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Phytochemical Screening and Cytotoxic Properties of Ethanolic Extract of Young and Mature Khat Leaves by Rashad Alsanosy, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Shahnaz Sultana, Ashraf N. Abdalla, Yassin Ibrahim, Mohammed Al Bratty, David Banji, Ibrahim Khardali, Asaad Khalid

“…Ethanolic extracts of young and mature leaves of three khat cultivars were subjected to GC-MS. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the existence of two major clusters. …”
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Endovascular Treatment of Mirror Aneurysms in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: Single Stage or Multiple Stage? by Yunfei Song, Guoqiang Song, Guijing Liu, Limei Mao, Xiuhu An, Chao Peng, Jian Li, Yan Chen, Hongwen Li, Changkai Hou, Bangyue Wang, Yan Zhao, Xiangdong Wang, Gangfeng Yin, Xinyu Yang

“…Throughout the 2‐year follow‐up period, 46 subjects exhibited a modified Rankin scale score ≤2. …”
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Small extracellular vesicles derived from miRNA-486 overexpressed dental pulp stem cells mitigate high altitude pulmonary edema through PTEN/PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway by Changyao Wang, Zhuang Mao, Drolma Gomchok, Xue Li, Huifang Liu, Jingyuan Shao, Hu Cao, Guanzhen Xue, Lin Lv, Junzhao Duan, Tana Wuren, Hua Wang

“…The rat HAPE model was established by exposing subjects to a simulated high-altitude, low-oxygen environment within a specialized chamber. …”
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Detection of Body Packs in Abdominal CT scans Through Artificial Intelligence; Developing a Machine Learning-based Model by Sayed Masoud Hosseini, Seyed Ali Mohtarami, Shahin Shadnia, Mitra Rahimi, Peyman Erfan Talab Evini, Babak Mostafazadeh, Azadeh Memarian, Elmira Heidarli

“…Nonetheless, the development of a tailored dataset for object detection, like body packs, requires careful curation by subject matter specialists to ensure successful training. …”
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Difference in Antibody Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens in Japanese Tuberculosis Patients Infected with the Beijing/Non-Beijing Genotype by Jingge Zhao, Beata Shiratori, Masao Okumura, Hideki Yanai, Makoto Matsumoto, Chie Nakajima, Kazue Mizuno, Kenji Ono, Tetsuya Oda, Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Yugo Ashino, Takashi Matsuba, Takashi Yoshiyama, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Toshio Hattori

“…Compared to the HCs, the MTB infected subjects showed higher titers of anti-Ag85B IgG (positivity 58.2%) and anti-ACR IgG (positivity 48.2%). …”
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Effect of ripasudil after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C: a multicentre, randomised, prospective clinical study by Kazuyuki Hirooka, Eri Nitta, Yoshiaki Kiuchi, Masaki Tanito, Shunsuke Nakakura, Tetsuya Baba, Hideaki Okumichi, Aisyah Muhlisah, Ariyanie Nurtania, Hiromitsu Onoe, Yotaro Matsuoka

“…Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) changes, success rate, and number of eyedrops were compared for both groups.Results A total of 17 and 15 subjects dropped out in the ripasudil group and non-ripasudil group, respectively. …”
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Adiponectin Expression Is Modulated by Long-Term Physical Activity in Adult Patients Affected by Cystic Fibrosis by Rita Polito, Ersilia Nigro, Ausilia Elce, Maria Ludovica Monaco, Paola Iacotucci, Vincenzo Carnovale, Marika Comegna, Monica Gelzo, Federica Zarrilli, Gaetano Corso, Giuseppe Castaldo, Aurora Daniele

“…This study evaluated the levels of adiponectin and leptin in adult healthy subjects, in patients with CF and their correlation with long-term physical activity. …”
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Cross-species comparisons between pigs and mice reveal conserved sex-specific intraspinal inflammatory responses after spinal cord injury by Reena Kumari, Gabrielle V. Hammers, Robert H. Hammons, Andrew N. Stewart, Steven M. MacLean, Tracy Niedzielko, Lonnie E. Schneider, Candace L. Floyd, John C. Gensel

“…Methods Adult (gonad-intact) male and female Yucatan miniature swine were subjected to either SCI or sham (laminectomy-only) injury. …”
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Driving brain state transitions via Adaptive Local Energy Control Model by Rong Yao, Langhua Shi, Yan Niu, HaiFang Li, Xing Fan, Bin Wang

“…Eventually, the network similarity between patients and healthy subjects reached baseline levels. These offer evidence that the ALECM can effectively quantify the cost characteristics of brain state transitions, providing a theoretical foundation for accurately predicting the efficacy of electromagnetic perturbation therapies in the future.…”
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Impact of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 (ERAP1) and 2 (ERAP2) on neutrophil cellular functions by Irma Saulle, Irma Saulle, Fiona Limanaqi, Micaela Garziano, Micaela Garziano, Maria Luisa Murno, Valentina Artusa, Valentina Artusa, Sergio Strizzi, Matteo Giovarelli, Carsten Schulte, Jacopo Aiello, Mario Clerici, Mario Clerici, Claudia Vanetti, Mara Biasin

“…IntroductionEndoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 (ERAP1) and 2 (ERAP2) modulate a plethora of physiological processes for the maintenance of homeostasis in different cellular subsets at both intra and extracellular level.Materials and methodsIn this frame, the extracellular supplementation of recombinant human (rh) ERAP1 and ERAP2 (300 ng/ml) was used to mimic the effect of stressor-induced secretion of ERAPs on neutrophils isolated from 5 healthy subjects. In these cells following 3 h or 24 h rhERAP stimulation by Western Blot, RT-qPCR, Elisa, Confocal microscopy, transwell migration assay, Oxygraphy and Flow Cytometry we assessed: i) rhERAP internalization; ii) activation; iii) migration; iv) oxygen consumption rate; v) reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; granule release; vi) phagocytosis; and vii) autophagy.ResultsWe observed that following stimulation rhERAPs: i) were internalized by neutrophils; ii) triggered their activation as witnessed by increased percentage of MAC-1+CD66b+ expressing neutrophils, cytokine expression/release (IL-1β, IL-8, CCL2, TNFα, IFNγ, MIP-1β) and granule enzyme secretion (myeloperoxidase, Elastase); iii) increased neutrophil migration capacity; iv) increased autophagy and phagocytosis activity; v) reduced ROS accumulation and did not influence oxygen consumption rate.ConclusionOur study provides novel insights into the biological role of ERAPs, and indicates that extracellular ERAPs, contribute to shaping neutrophil homeostasis by promoting survival and tolerance in response to stress-related inflammation. …”
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The prevalence of online food delivery service usage and its association with anthropometric measurements in Muscat, Oman; a cross-sectional study by Ahmed Yahya Al Kharusi, Safa Khamis Ambusaidi, Marwa Abdullah Al Raisi, Haitham Mohammed Al Mahrouqi, Asma Ali Al Kendi, Muna Mohammed Almatrushi, Mohammed Juma Al Abdali, Sanjay Jaju, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi

“…A consecutive sampling was used for enrolling subjects. A self-administered questionnaire was used and the study was conducted from January 2023 to June 2023. …”
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A persona-based exploration of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis seeking behavior and its implication for communication strategic planning: Evidence from Thailand by Jitjayang Yamabhai, Patoo Cusripituck, Teerawan Mingbualuang, Nareerat Sangkachai, Wimwiga Sakchainanon, Chanatda Tungwongjulaniam, Onphirul Yurachai, Ratana Theerawat, Anuwat Wiratsudakul

“…This study aimed to identify and characterize different personas of individuals regarding their PEP-seeking behavior and develop tailored communication strategies to encourage PEP adoption among these distinct groups effectively. We categorized our subjects, residing in two districts of Chonburi province, Thailand, into three groups: (i) individuals with a history of dog bites who underwent PEP; (ii) individuals bitten by dogs who did not receive PEP; and (iii) individuals who had never been bitten. …”
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