Mitochondrial genome and nuclear ribosomal RNA analysis place Alveonasus lahorensis within the Argasinae and suggest that the genus Alveonasus is paraphyletic by Ben J. Mans, Lidia Chitimia-Dobler, Ronel Pienaar, Minique de Castro, Mehran Khan, Mashal M. Almutairi, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Abid Ali, Ala Tabor

“…The placement into subfamilies illuminate differences in morphological and molecular systematics and is important since it provides insight into evolutionary divergence within this family. …”
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Community Structure of Leaf-Litter Ants in a Neotropical Dry Forest: A Biogeographic Approach to Explain Betadiversity by Rogério Silvestre, Manoel F. Demétrio, Jacques H. C. Delabie

“…A total of 170 litter-dwelling ant species in 45 genera and 11 subfamilies was identified. The data showed that the study areas exhibited different arrangements of ant fauna, with a high turnover in species composition between sites, indicating high beta diversity. …”
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Monitoring of ant species surrounding the ports of South Korea by Dayeong Kim, Heejo Lee, Nanghee Kim, Beom-jun Jang, Dong Eon Kim

“…A total of 316,975 ants belonging to four subfamilies, 26 genera and 44 species were identified as Tetramorium tsushimae, Lasius niger, Brachyponera chinensis and Nylanderia flavipes. …”
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Expression Analysis of Sugarcane Aquaporin Genes under Water Deficit by Manassés Daniel da Silva, Roberta Lane de Oliveira Silva, José Ribamar Costa Ferreira Neto, Ana Carolina Ribeiro Guimarães, Daniela Truffi Veiga, Sabrina Moutinho Chabregas, William Lee Burnquist, Günter Kahl, Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon, Ederson Akio Kido

“…Representatives of the four aquaporin subfamilies (PIP, TIP, SIP, and NIP), already described for higher plants, were identified. …”
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The <i>OsGATA</i> gene family as a promising candidate for applying the CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology to improve the nutritional and yield qualities of rice (<i>Oryza sativa... by E. A. Nesterova, N. A. Shvachko

“…GATA factors are divided into four main classes (A to D), based on the difference in the structure of the zinc finger domain, and into seven subfamilies, depending on the availability of additional domains. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification of the ABC Gene Family in Rosaceae and Its Evolution and Expression in Response to Valsa Canker by Chenglong Du, Hongqiang Yu, Huanhuan Hu, Zhiqi Dou, Cunwu Zuo, Junqiang Niu

“…We identified 3037 ABC genes in 20 plant species, classifying them into eight subfamilies. Comparative analysis revealed significant variations in family size and expansion patterns among species, suggesting adaptive evolution. …”
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Diversity of beetles (Arthropoda, Insecta, Coleoptera) associated with coniferous forests in Honduras by Mauricio Hernández, Mauricio Michel, Joel García, Geisy Dueñas, Marcela Moncada, Kevin Amaya, Yensi Yánez, Alejandra Pinto, Gabriela Matamoros, Alejandro Zamora, Gustavo Fontecha

“…Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the number of families, subfamilies, genera, and species collected per department. …”
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Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury during Heart Transplantation by Giuseppe Vassalli, Giuseppina Milano, Tiziano Moccetti

“…The four best-characterized MAPK subfamilies are the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal- regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAPK, and big MAPK-1 (BMK1/ERK5). …”
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Functional analysis of conserved C. elegans bHLH family members uncovers lifespan control by a peptidergic hub neuron. by G Robert Aguilar, Berta Vidal, Hongzhu Ji, Joke Evenblij, Chien-Po Liao, Hongfei Ji, Giulio Valperga, Christopher Fang-Yen, Oliver Hobert

“…We analyze here the function of 5 Caenorhabditis elegans bHLH genes, falling into 3 phylogenetically conserved subfamilies, which are continuously expressed in a very small number of postmitotic neurons in the central nervous system. …”
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Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Niphon spinosus</i> (Perciformes: Niphonidae): Genome Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis by Maheshkumar Prakash Patil, Jong-Oh Kim, Seung Hyun Yoo, Jiyoung Shin, Ji-Young Yang, Kyunghoi Kim, Gun-Do Kim

“…The resulting phylogenetic trees showed <i>N. spinosus</i> placing as a separate lineage within the family Niphonidae, its close relationship to <i>Trachinus draco</i> (Trachinidae), and the clustering of major subfamilies like Luciopercinae and Percinae of the Percoidei suborder. …”
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Unraveling TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR Transcription Factors in Safflower: A Blueprint for Stress Resilience and Metabolic Regulation by Lili Yu, Xintong Ma, Mingran Dai, Yue Chang, Nan Wang, Jian Zhang, Min Zhang, Na Yao, Abdul Wakeel Umar, Xiuming Liu

“…Here, we report the comprehensive identification and characterization of 26 safflower <i>TCP</i> genes (<i>CtTCPs</i>), categorized into Class I (PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR, PCF) and Class II (CINCINNATA and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA, CIN and CYC/TB1) subfamilies. Comparative phylogenetics, conserved motif, and gene structure analyses revealed a high degree of evolutionary conservation and functional divergence within the gene family. …”
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Genome-Wide Analyses Reveal the Roles of CCT Genes as Regulators of Abiotic Stress Responses in <i>Citrullus lanatus</i> by Yajie Hong, Mengsha Li, Wona Ding, Jun Shi, Zishuo Zheng, Nailin Xing, Qiuping Li

“…In this study, 29 CCT genes from watermelon were categorized into three distinct subfamilies. The ClCCT genes were systematically analyzed, focusing on their physicochemical properties, gene duplication, motifs, structural divergence, promoter regions, and collinearity with genes from other species. …”
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Genome-wide identification of HbVQ proteins and their interaction with HbWRKY14 to regulate the expression of HbSRPP in Hevea brasiliensis by Jiahong Zhu, Long Qu, Liwang Zeng, Ying Wang, Huiliang Li, Shiqing Peng, Dong Guo

“…Results In this study, a total of 21 VQ protein genes (named HbVQ1 ~ HbVQ21) were identified in rubber trees and divided into six subfamilies. Gene structure analysis revealed that most of HbVQs had no introns except for HbVQ5 and HbVQ20. …”
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Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of the AP2/ERF gene family in Prunus dulcis and Prunus tenella: expression of PdAP2/ERF genes under freezing stress during dorma... by Dongdong Zhang, Bin Zeng, Yawen He, Jiangui Li, Zhenfan Yu

“…These genes were categorized into five subfamilies: AP2, DREB, ERF, RAV, and Soloist. The PdAP2/ERF and PtAP2/ERF members both demonstrated high conservation in protein motifs and gene structures. …”
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Genome- and Transcriptome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of bHLH Transcription Factor Family Reveal Their Relevance to Salt Stress Response in Tomato by Jianling Zhang, Xiaoying Liu, Zuozhen Yin, Tiantian Zhao, Dan Du, Jing Li, Mingku Zhu, Yueying Sun, Yu Pan

“…In total, 195 <i>SlbHLHs</i> that were unevenly distributed onto 12 chromosomes were identified from the tomato genome and were classified into 27 subfamilies based on their molecular features. The collinearity between SlbHLHs and interrelated orthologs from 10 plants further revealed evolutionary insights into <i>SlbHLHs</i>. …”
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Structure and Expression Analyses of SVA Elements in Relation to Functional Genes by Yun-Jeong Kwon, Yuri Choi, Jungwoo Eo, Yu-Na Noh, Jeong-An Gim, Yi-Deun Jung, Ja-Rang Lee, Heui-Soo Kim

“…SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) elements are present in hominoid primates and are divided into 6 subfamilies (SVA-A to SVA-F) and active in the human population. …”
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Genome wide identification of MATE and ALMT gene family in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and expression profiling under Al stress condition by Ankita Tripathi, Dharmendra Singh, Jyotika Bhati, Deepti Singh, Jyoti Taunk, Jawaher Alkahtani, Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi, Madan Pal Singh

“…Method and results In this study, 90 MATE and 14 ALMT genes were identified and clustered into four (MATE) and five (ALMT) subfamilies/clades with smaller subgroups. All the MATE and ALMT genes were unevenly dispersed across lentil chromosomes. …”
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Identifikasi Hama dan Penyakit Pada Tanaman Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis) by Ari Monawati, Desi Rhomadhoni, Nur Rokhimah Hanik

“…Broadly speaking, the classification of orchids is divided into 5 subfamilies, 16 tribes (tribes), and 28 subtribes. Phalaenopsis is a genus of orchids which is popular for its diversity and beauty of flowers. …”
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Eggplant Reveals the Key MYB Transcription Factor Involved in Anthocyanin Synthesis by Jiaqi Ai, Wuhong Wang, Tianhua Hu, Haijiao Hu, Yaqin Yan, Jinglei Wang, Yunzhu Wang, Na Hu, Hongtao Pang, Chonglai Bao, Qingzhen Wei

“…Using phylogenetic analysis, we divided them into 33 subfamilies. Members of the SmeMYB gene family are unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes, but are mainly concentrated at the upper and lower ends of the chromosomes. …”
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Molecular Insights Into the Sensory Adaption of the Cave‐Dwelling Leech Sinospelaeobdella wulingensis to the Karst Cave Environment by Xi Wen, Haiyang Xiang, Mengqing Zhang, Aoran Yan, Dongqing Xiang, Jie Zou, Yue Zhang, Xinglong Huang, Zhixiao Liu

“…In contrast, SwTRPs belong to different subfamilies and share diverse identities with TRPs in other species. …”
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