Noninvasive Monitoring of Pneumococcal Meningitis and Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy in an Experimental Mouse Model by Jagath L. Kadurugamuwa, Kshitij Modi, Jun Yu, Kevin P. Francis, Carlos Orihuela, Elaine Tuomanen, Anthony F. Purchio, Pamela R. Contag

“…A mouse model was established by lumbar (LP) or intracisternal (IC) injection of bioluminescent S. pneumoniae into the subarachnoid space. Bacteria replicated initially at the site of inoculation and spread progressively from the spinal cord to the brain or from the brain down to the cervical part of the spinal column and to the lower vertebral levels. …”
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Early and Ultraearly Administration of Tranexamic Acid in Traumatic Brain Injury: Our 8-Year-Long Clinical Experience by Nurdan Acar, Mustafa Emin Canakci, Ugur Bilge

“…Subdural hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage were the most common findings on brain CT scans. …”
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Targeted Regulation Of Cgrp Gene Expression by A. F. Russo, P. L. Durham

“…Conversely, CGRP is depleted in perivascular nerve terminals from patients who have suffered vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. We have investigated the mechanisms controlling CGRP expression in the trigeminal ganglia neurons, which provide virtually all of the CGRP innervation to the cerebral vasculature. …”
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Meta-Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Rodent Models of Hemorrhagic Stroke by Conglin Wang, Bo Yan, Pan Liao, Fanglian Chen, Ping Lei

“…The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of SCEVs therapy in rodent models of hemorrhagic stroke, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). …”
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Pulmonary and Meningeal Cryptococcosis after Corticosteroid Therapy for Autoimmune Hepatitis: Coexistence of Cryptococci within Pulmonary Cancer Nodule by Takashi Yuri, Ayako Kimura, Katsuhiko Yoshizawa, Yuko Emoto, Yuichi Kinoshita, Airo Tsubura

“…Autopsy disclosed encapsulated yeast in the lungs and subarachnoid space characteristic of Cryptococcus. The pulmonary nodule was found to be squamous cell carcinoma coexisting with C. neoformans within and around the cancer cell nests.…”
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Real-Time Ultrasound-Guided Spinal Anaesthesia: A Prospective Observational Study of a New Approach by P. H. Conroy, C. Luyet, C. J. McCartney, P. G. McHardy

“…Identification of the subarachnoid space has traditionally been achieved by either a blind landmark-guided approach or using prepuncture ultrasound assistance. …”
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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome with Stroke in Puerperal Woman with High Titer of Anti-Phospholipid IgM Antibody by Hiroto Hirashima, Masahiro Iwamoto, Tadashi Ozawa, Shigeyoshi Kijima, Shigeki Matsubara, Akihide Ohkuchi

“…Intracerebral hemorrhage involving an area of 2 cm in diameter in the right frontal lobe and subarachnoid hemorrhage with PRES were confirmed. Seizure recurred 2 days after the initial episode. …”
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Fat droplets in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces of the brain by Mark Reed, Christopher Miller, Cortney Connor, Jason S. Chang, Forshing Lui

“…Pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the epidural, subdural, or subarachnoid space and can cause confusion, nausea, seizures and focal neurological symptoms. …”
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Advanced Imaging Modalities in the Detection of Cerebral Vasospasm by Jena N. Mills, Vivek Mehta, Jonathan Russin, Arun P. Amar, Anandh Rajamohan, William J. Mack

“…The pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is complex and is not entirely understood. …”
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Controversies in the Anesthetic Management of Intraoperative Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysm by Tumul Chowdhury, Andrea Petropolis, Marshall Wilkinson, Bernhard Schaller, Nora Sandu, Ronald B. Cappellani

“…Despite great advancements in the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), outcomes following SAH rupture have remained relatively unchanged. …”
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Relative Contributions of Intracranial Pressure and Intraocular Pressure on Lamina Cribrosa Behavior by Junfei Tong, Deepta Ghate, Sachin Kedar, Linxia Gu

“…An axially symmetric finite element model of the posterior eye was constructed with an elongated optic nerve and retro-orbital subarachnoid space ensheathed by pia and dura mater. …”
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A Study to Compare the Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Bupivacaine Alone with Intrathecal Bupivacaine Midazolam Combination in Patients Undergoing Elective Infraumbilical Surgery by Anirban Chattopadhyay, Souvik Maitra, Suvadeep Sen, Sulagna Bhattacharjee, Amitava Layek, Sugata Pal, Kakali Ghosh

“…Each patient in group “B” received hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg along with 0.4 mL of normal saline in the subarachnoid block, and patients of group “BM” received 12.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine along with preservative free midazolam 0.4 mL (2 mg). …”
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Ruptured Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm in Infective Endocarditis: A Natural History by Isabel Kuo, Theodore Long, Nathan Nguyen, Bharat Chaudry, Michael Karp, Nerses Sanossian

“…He subsequently developed subarachnoid hemorrhage during antibiotic treatment, and a large intracranial aneurysm was discovered on CT Angiography. …”
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Redefining Onyx HD 500 in the Flow Diversion Era by Richard Tyler Dalyai, Ciro Randazzo, George Ghobrial, L. Fernando Gonzalez, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, Aaron S. Dumont, Robert H. Rosenwasser, Pascal Jabbour

“…All aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation, and three aneurysms presented as acute subarachnoid hemorrhages. Complete aneurysm occlusion was present in 19 of 21 patients (90%). …”
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Correlation between cognitive status and tomographic findings in patients with neurocysticercosis. Ecuador, 2019 – 2020 by Jorge Luis Anaya González, Francisco López-Muñoz, Erlen Carmona Alvarez-Builla, Adriana Edit Miniet Castillo

“…<br /><strong>Results</strong>: among the tomographic findings, lesions greater than 1 cm (32.2%), multiple (30.1%), located in the parietal region (34.4%) and subarachnoid (46.2%) enhance. The cognitive evaluation showed normal results in 74.2% of the cases, as well as mild to moderate dementia in 9.7% of the patients. …”
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Characterization of patients with cerebrovascular diseases in the acute stage according to traditional Chinese diagnosis by Omar Morejón Barroso, Zaida Pérez Meneses, Ernesto Julio Bernal Valladares, Leticia Varela Castro

“…Intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhages: 62.5% severe tense attack; and 71.4% liver fire. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: 15% as severe flaccid type attack; and 17.6% liver Yin deficiency syndrome. …”
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Multiple isolated spinal aneurysms – A rare condition with uncertain treatment strategies: A case report and literature review by F.M.C. Lioi, D. Dahlberg, J. Sundseth, K.B. Olsen, H.L. Lilleby, B. Nedregaard, M.K.H. Wiedmann

“…Results: A 67-year-old woman with spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage and spinal cord compression due to a ruptured radiculo-pial artery aneurysm was treated surgically. …”
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A review on intrathecal administration of medications for leptomeningeal metastases in solid tumors by Xuemei Wang, Chi Yao, Li Quan, Junxiang Zhou

“…It occurs when tumor cells infiltrate the subarachnoid space and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), spreading throughout the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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The Development of Simple Scoring System to Predict Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Patients with Stroke by In-Hui Pak, Se-Ryong Han, Chol-Ho Sin, Hyo-Song Kim, Un-Ryong Rim

“…The variables with significant difference between the non-UTI group and the UTI group were age (non-UTI versus UTI, 56.4 ± 7.2 vs. 59.0 ± 12.8; p<0.001), female (244 (24.2) vs. 176 (36.1), p<0.001), 300 ≦ SI (smoking index) (16 (2.4) vs. 48 (12.0), p<0.001), alcohol > 25 g/d (292 (29.0) vs. 184 (37.7), p<0.001), poststroke hyperglycemia (120 (10.3) vs. 163 (33.4), p<0.001), indwelling of urinary catheter (157 (15.6) vs. 351 (72.0), p<0.001), GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) on admission (11.2 ± 3.9 vs. 8.5 ± 4.0, p=0.038), and WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgeons) (in subarachnoid hemorrhage) on admission (2.9 ± 1.7 vs. 3.5 ± 1.5, p<0.001). …”
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Nanotherapeutics for Meningitis: Enhancing Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier by Hitaishi Sharma, Kannan Badri Narayanan, Shampa Ghosh, Krishna Kumar Singh, Prarthana Rehan, Aparajita Dasgupta Amist, Rakesh Bhaskar, Jitendra Kumar Sinha

“…Meningitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes, surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and this inflammatory process spreads throughout the subarachnoid space. The traditional drug delivery methods pose a disadvantage in limiting the capacity of crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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