Protocol for the economic evaluation of metacognitive therapy for cardiac rehabilitation participants with symptoms of anxiety and/or depression by Patrick Doherty, David Reeves, Gemma E Shields, Adrian Wells, Lora Capobianco, Anthony Heagerty, Deborah Buck, Linda M Davies

“…The PATHWAY Group MCT study has been prospectively designed to collect comprehensive self-reported resource use and health outcome data, including the EQ-5D, within a randomised controlled trial study design (UK Clinical Trials Gateway). A within-trial economic evaluation and economic model will compare the cost-effectiveness of MCT plus usual care (UC) to UC, from a health and social care perspective in the UK. …”
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Assessing the Feasibility of Drone‐Mediated Vaccine Delivery: An Exploratory Study by Sumit Aggarwal, Prakamya Gupta, Sivaraman Balaji, Saurabh Sharma, Ajoy Kanti Ghosh, Simmy, Balram Bhargava, Samiran Panda

“…Purpose The present study was conducted to assess the practicality of utilizing drones as a mode for the delivery of vaccines to combat the challenges. Study Design An exploratory study. Methodology Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions and paucity of availability of rules and regulations related to drones in India in 2021, this study was conducted as a exploratory study for which number of regulatory approvals are obtained and it involves five drone missions within the premises of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India on a confined airstrip of 3 km2 to transport simulated vaccine vials using a multi‐rotor top‐load UAS in the normal weather conditions in daylight where dummy vaccine vials (COVID‐19) were packed with cool packs to maintain the temperature. …”
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The association between serum fructosamine and random spot urine fructose levels with the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – an analytical cross-sectional study by H Kamuzinzi, M Kgomo, P Rheeder, N Dada, P Bester

“…Using a cross-sectional study design, 65 patients with three different levels of NAFLD, as detected by imaging, were enrolled. …”
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Skin graft take rate among minor burns – A cohort study to investigate the effect of factors such as burn depth, burn size, and timing of the operation by Sinan Dogan, Arina Mahmoud, Ingrid Steinvall, Elin Albertsson, Elina Bergman, Jamila Halimi, Moustafa Elmasry

“…The conclusion is, however, tempered by the retrospective study design and the relatively low discriminatory power in our study.…”
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Correlation Between the Ratio of Uric Acid to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (UHR) and Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:A Cross-Sectional Study by Wang L, Liu L, Luo H, Wu Y, Zhu L

“…Leran Wang,1 Lei Liu,2 Huilan Luo,3– 5 Yiling Wu,3– 5 Lingyan Zhu3– 5 1Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Lu’an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu’an City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, People’s Republic of China; 4Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, People’s Republic of China; 5Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang City, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lingyan Zhu, Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13870690788, Email zly982387@126.comBackground/Objective: Considering the uncertain relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and uric acid (UA) with diabetic retinopathy (DR),this study investigates the link between Uric Acid to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (UHR) and DR in T2DM patients, evaluating its potential for DR diagnosis and early prediction.Study Design and Data Collection: This retrospective study analyzed 1450 type 2 diabetes patients, divided into NDR and DR groups by retinal exams. …”
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Political economy analysis of health financing reforms in times of crisis: findings from three case studies in south-east Asia by Sophie Witter, Maria Paola Bertone, Sushil Baral, Ghanshyam Gautam, Saugat K. C. Pratap, Aungsumalee Pholpark, Nurmala Selly Saputri, Arif Budi Darmawan, Nina Toyamah, Rizki Fillaili, Valeria de Oliveira Cruz, Susan Sparkes

“…Methods The study adopted a retrospective, comparative case study design, using a shared framework and tools. The case studies mapped the contexts, including economic, political, social trends and any shocks which had recently occurred. …”
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Measuring Bound Attention During Complex Liver Surgery Planning: Feasibility Study by Tim Schneider, Timur Cetin, Stefan Uppenkamp, Dirk Weyhe, Thomas Muender, Anke V Reinschluessel, Daniela Salzmann, Verena Uslar

“…Additionally, the alignment between subjectively determined results and objectively determined results confirms the validity of the study design applied in this research.…”
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Looking under the hood of a hybrid two-way texting intervention to improve early retention on antiretroviral therapy in Malawi: an implementation fidelity evaluation by Robin E. Klabbers, Caryl Feldacker, Jacqueline Huwa, Christine Kiruthu-Kamamia, Agness Thawani, Hannock Tweya

“…Although implementation fidelity monitoring of mHealth interventions is complex, it should be integrated into study design.…”
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Which variables are associated with recruitment failure? A nationwide review on obstetrical and gynaecological multicentre RCTs (2003–2023) by Ben W Mol, Madelon van Wely, L Ramos, J J Duvekot, J B Derks, Fulco van der Veen, Ruben Duijnhoven, H J van Beekhuizen, M J E Mourits, J A M van der Post, E Pajkrt, M A Oudijk, H C J Scheepers, Mariette Goddijn, J Huirne, Marijke C van der Weide, A Kwee, C Willekes, M Y Bongers, Judith Rikken, Romee Casteleijn, S Middeldorp, I M Custers, M P Lambregtse – van den Berg, V Mijatovic, F J M Broekmans, A Hoek, J P de Bruin, M H Mochtar, S Mastenbroek, J P W R Roovers, F Mol, A Vollebregt, C H van der Vaart, K B Kluivers, M E Vierhout, R C Painter, P M A J Geomini

“…In all RCTs, we collected information on variables with a potential effect on recruitment failure, recorded at five levels; patient, doctor, participating centre, study organisation and study design.Results In total, 46 of 83 RCTs (55%) did not achieve their targeted recruitment within the preplanned study period with a maximal extension period of 6 months. …”
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Increased Mortality After Lower Extremity Amputation in a Danish Nationwide Cohort: The Mediating Role of Postoperative Complications by Brix ATH, Petersen TG, Nymark T, Schmal H, Lindberg-Larsen M, Rubin KH

“…Secondarily, to examine the mediation role of post-amputation complications.Study Design and Setting: With data from the Danish National Patient Registry, 11,695 first-time MLEAs in patients aged ≥ 50 years were identified between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021, along with 58,466 unamputated persons matched 1:5 by year of birth, sex, and region of residence. …”
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Clinical Features and Genetic Characteristics of XLID Patients With KDM5C Gene Mutations: Insights on Phenotype–Genotype Correlations From 175 Previous Cases and Identification of... by Mohammad‐Reza Ghasemi, Zahra Esmaeilizadeh, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Hossein Sadeghi, Saman Bagheri, Farzad Hashemi‐Gorji, Morteza Sheikhi Nooshabadi, Rasoul Madannezhad, Toktam Sadat Tavabe Ghavami, Reza Mirfakhraie, Mohammad Miryounesi

“…This study also conducted a narrative review of the literature to identify key clinical and genetic characteristics of XLID caused by mutations in the KDM5C gene. Study Design Whole‐exome sequencing was performed on the proband's DNA, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm and analyze the identified variant in a 20‐month‐old male patient with motor and speech delays. …”
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High HDL-C and high LDL-C are risk factors of pterygium in a population-based cross-sectional study in Southern China: the Dongguan Eye Study by Liang Zhang, Min Zhang, Ying Cui, Lixin Zhang, Guanrong Zhang, Qingyang Liu, Haike Guo, Qianli Meng, Siwen Zang, Chun-Han Lo, Yanlei Chen, Jin Zeng

“…Objectives To investigate the relationship between serum lipids and pterygium in a large-scale rural population aged 40 years or older from Southern China.Study design The Dongguan Eye Study was a cross-sectional population-based study from September 2011 to February 2012.Setting The area was set in the rural area of Dongguan, Southern China.Participants Adult rural population aged 40 or older.Methods Participants underwent physical, haematological and ophthalmic examinations.Primary and secondary outcome measures The frequency and risk factors of pterygium.Results A total of 11 357 participants were eligible for inclusion and 8952 (78.8%) participants were enrolled for the systemic and ophthalmic examinations. …”
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Lansia Aktif dan Berdaya: Studi Perilaku Prososial pada Kader Surabaya Hebat by Widya Annisa Royani, Cicilia Larasati Rembulan

“…The research method used was qualitative with an instrumental case study design. Participants were selected using purposive sampling technique, with characteristics of Surabaya Hebat cadres who have been active for at least 2 years in Lontar Village Surabaya, aged 60 years and above. …”
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Exploring urban-rural inequalities of maternal healthcare utilization in Bangladesh by A.T.M. Shariful Alam, Shorful Alam, Kashfia Mobasshira, S.M. Nuruzzaman Anik, Mohammad Nayeem Hasan, Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury, Md Jamal Uddin

“…This study aims to assess the impact of different factors and describe the urban-rural inequalities in maternal healthcare service utilization. Methods & study design: This study's analysis is based on data extracted from the 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), following STROBE guidelines. …”
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Assessing five-year trend and socio-demographic determinants of caesarean section delivery in Ghana by Alfred Kwesi Manyeh, Anthony Ofosu, Anthony Kolsabilik Kuug, Atsu Ayi, Comfort Dede Tetteh, Saviour Edem Vidzro, Christopher Tetteh Odopey, Angela Nana Esi Ackon, Evelyn Acquah, Desmond Klu, Mustapha Immurana, Maxwell Ayindenaba Dalaba, Hubert Amu

“…Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing secondary data extracted from the District Health Information Management System 2 (DHIMS-2) database covering a period of five years (2017–2021). …”
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The Language-Learning Potential of Writing for Learners of Spanish: Languaging and Task Complexity in Foreign Language Writing by Marcela Ruiz-Funes

“…It focused on the language-learning potential of writing for learners of Spanish as a foreign language (FL) at a southeast university in the United States. A multiple case study design was adopted. The students worked individually on two writing tasks of different levels of cognitive complexity and were asked to think-aloud while composing. …”
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A quantitative amplitude of vagus nerve obtained by intraoperative neuromonitoring predicts postoperative vocal cord paralysis among patients in thyroid/parathyroid surgery as a se... by Hiroshi Katoh, MD, FACS, Riku Okamoto, MD, Kanako Naito, MD, Tomoya Mitsuma, MD, Mariko Kikuchi, MD, Takaaki Tokito, MD, Takeshi Naitoh, MD, FACS, Naoki Hiki, MD, Yusuke Kumamoto, MD, Takafumi Sangai, MD

“…Accordingly, the universal usefulness of quantitative amplitude value per se among patients were assessed. Study design: IONM using a 4-step method (Vagus nerve (V1)-RLN (R1)-R2-V2) was applied to 777 RLNs (510 patients). …”
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Digital health data security practices among health professionals in low-resource settings: cross-sectional study in Amhara Region, Ethiopia by Ayenew Sisay Gebeyew, Wondwossen Zemene, Binyam Chaklu Tilahun, Nebyu Demeke Mengestie, Berhanu Fikade Endehabtu, Zegeye Regasa Wordofa, Mitiku Kassaw Takillo, Gedefaw Belete Ashagrie, Melaku Molla Sisay

“…Method A cross-sectional study design supplemented by a qualitative purposive sampling method was used to measure the digital data security practices of health professionals. …”
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Neural Correlates of Irritability and Potential Moderating Effects of Inhibitory Control by Mariah DeSerisy, Jacob W. Cohen, Huiyu Yang, Bruce Ramphal, Paige Greenwood, Kahini Mehta, Michael P. Milham, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, David Pagliaccio, Amy E. Margolis

“…Irritability is thought to be associated with disruptions in processing of reward, threat, and cognitive control; however, empirical study of these associations at both the behavioral and neural level have yielded equivocal findings that may be driven by small sample sizes and differences in study design. Associations between irritability and brain connectivity between cognitive control and reward- or threat-processing circuits remain understudied. …”
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The efficacy of conservative management of micro-traumatic posterior shoulder instability by Lyn Watson, Prof DocBAppSci(Physio) GradDip, Simon Balster, BPhty(Hon), BSc (Hon), Sarah Warby, PhDB Physio (Hon), Ross Lenssen, BHSc(Physiotherapy), Gregory Hoy, MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA, FACSP, Shane Barwood, MBBS, FRACS, Jacqui French, BPhysio, Bonnie Kerr, BHth ScMSports Physio, Sam Lawrence, DPT, BAppSc, PGCert, Charlotte Ganderton, PhDB Physio (Hon), Katherine Davis, BHuman Movt (ExSci), MPhysio, Tania Pizzari, PhDB Physio (Hon)

“…Methods: In the single-group study design, 24 shoulders in 22 sporting participants (17 male, 5 females; mean age, 21.1 years, standard deviation 10.1 years) diagnosed with microtraumatic PSI undertook the Watson Posterior Instability Program (WIP-p) over 24 weeks. …”
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