The influence of farm connectedness on foot‐and‐mouth disease outbreaks in livestock by Jean B. Contina, Rachel L. Seibel, Bhim Chaulagain, Karasi B. Mills, Michael J. Tildesley, Christopher C. Mundt

“…We used a spatially explicit stochastic model to simulate FMD outbreaks on livestock farm operations in four UK counties. …”
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Do current maternal health staffing and bed occupancy benchmarks work in practice? Results from a simulation model by Giorgia Gon, Carolin Vegvari, Rebecca F Baggaley, Said Mohammed Ali, Salma Abdi Mahmoud, Farhat Jowhar

“…In low-income settings, high birth rates and a relative lack of medical resources mean that an efficient use of resources and skilled staff is important in ensuring quality of intrapartum and postpartum care.Methods We use a stochastic, individual-based model to explore whether WHO resourcing benchmarks are sufficient to ensure consistent quality of care. …”
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Precise and interpretable neural networks reveal epigenetic signatures of aging across youth in health and disease by David Martínez-Enguita, Thomas Hillerton, Julia Åkesson, Daniel Kling, Maria Lerm, Mika Gustafsson

“…While traditional models are effective, their interpretability is limited by their dependence on small and potentially stochastic sets of CpG sites. Here, we propose that the reliability of DNAm age clocks should stem from their capacity to detect comprehensive and targeted aging signatures.MethodsWe compiled publicly available DNAm whole-blood samples (n = 17,726) comprising the entire human lifespan (0–112 years). …”
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Mixture of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus Pumilus Modulates Community Structures of Rice Rhizosphere Soil to Suppress Rice Seedling Blight by Jiang Nan, Qiu Jiehua, Tian Dagang, Shi Huanbin, Liu Zhiquan, Wen Hui, Xie Shuwei, Chen Huizhe, Wu Meng, Kou Yanjun

“…Furthermore, this mixture led to higher stochastic assembly (average |βNTI| < 2) and reduced selection pressures on rice rhizosphere bacteria compared with individual strain applications. …”
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Hybrid Prophet-NAR Model for Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting by Winita Sulandari, Yudho Yudhanto, Etik Zukhronah, Isnandar Slamet, Hilman Ferdinandus Pardede, Paulo Canas Rodrigues, Muhammad Hisyam Lee

“…The proposed PropNAR integrated the strengths of the Prophet model in capturing deterministic structures, such as trends, seasonality, and holiday effects with the NAR model&#x2019;s ability to handle nonlinear stochastic relationships. Additionally, SSA-based bagging is employed to manage data uncertainties, and ensemble techniques are applied to further refine the forecasting accuracy. …”
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Exploring the subtle and novel renal pathological changes in diabetic nephropathy using clustering analysis with deep learning by Tomohisa Yabe, Yuko Tsuruyama, Kazutoshi Nomura, Ai Fujii, Yuto Matsuda, Keiichiro Okada, Shogo Yamakoshi, Yuya Hamabe, Shogo Omote, Akihiro Shioya, Norifumi Hayashi, Keiji Fujimoto, Yuki Todo, Tatsuro Tanaka, Sohsuke Yamada, Akira Shimizu, Katsuhito Miyazawa, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Kengo Furuichi

“…Diabetic clusters that mainly contained glomerular images from diabetes cases (Clusters 0, 1, and 2) and non-diabetic clusters that mainly contained glomerular images from non-diabetes cases (Clusters 8 and 9) were distinguished in the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis. Grad-CAM demonstrated that the outer portions of glomerular capillaries in diabetic clusters had characteristic lesions. …”
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A novel framework unveiling the importance of heterogeneous selection and drift on the community structure of symbiotic microbial indicator taxa across altitudinal gradients in amp... by Jin Zhou, Zhidong Liu, Sishuo Wang, Jing Li, Lin Zhang, Ziyan Liao

“…In different altitude groups, we found that heterogeneous selection governed the community structure of symbiotic microbes across DSUs, while stochastic processes tended to increase with altitude. …”
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Comparative temporal response of toxicity for the neonicotinoid clothianidin and organophosphate dimethoate insecticides in two species of solitary bee (Osmia bicornis and Osmia co... by Helen Hesketh, Jan Baas, Elma Lahive, Alexander G. Robinson, David J. Spurgeon, Matthew S. Heard

“…Here we investigate the life-time toxicity of two insecticides, the organophosphate dimethoate and neonicotinoid clothianidin, for two mason bee species, Osmia bicornis and O. cornuta using a toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic stochastic death model taken from Dynamic Energy Budget (DEBtox) theory. …”
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Early antiretroviral therapy in SIV-infected rhesus macaques reveals a multiphasic, saturable dynamic accumulation of the rebound competent viral reservoir. by Brandon F Keele, Afam A Okoye, Christine M Fennessey, Benjamin Varco-Merth, Taina T Immonen, Emek Kose, Andrew Conchas, Mykola Pinkevych, Leslie Lipkey, Laura Newman, Agatha Macairan, Marjorie Bosche, William J Bosche, Brian Berkemeier, Randy Fast, Mike Hull, Kelli Oswald, Rebecca Shoemaker, Lorna Silipino, Robert J Gorelick, Derick Duell, Alejandra Marenco, William Brantley, Jeremy Smedley, Michael Axthelm, Miles P Davenport, Jeffrey D Lifson, Louis J Picker

“…Taken together, these data highlight the heterogeneity of the RCVR between RMs, the stochastic establishment of the very early RCVR, and the saturability of the RCVR prior to peak viral infection.…”
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Forecasting Weather using Deep Learning from the Meteorological Stations Data : A Study of Different Meteorological Stations in Kaski District, Nepal by Supath Dhital, Kapil Lamsal, Sulav Shrestha, Umesh Bhurtyal

“…Averaging and linear interpolation techniques were used to fill out the missing values and outliers were detected using Box Plot and replaced with threshold value for each parameter. Stochastic Gradient Descent and Adam optimizer are used to optimize the LSTM model. …”
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Small molecule metabolites drive plant rhizosphere microbial community assembly patterns by Yanwei Ma, Heqi Wang, Yalong Kang, Tao Wen

“…Variable selection (βNTI &gt;2) drove phylogenetic turnover in ST, while stochastic processes (|βNTI| &lt; 2) dominated in CK. …”
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Quantitative Analysis of Energy Storage Demand in Northeast China Using Gaussian Mixture Clustering Model by Yiwen Yao, Yu Shi, Jing Wang, Zifang Zhang, Xin Xu, Xinhong Wang, Dingheng Wang, Zilai Ou, Zhe Ma

“…This paper analyzes power supply data from Northeast China and models the stochastic characteristics of new energy generation. …”
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Health systems efficiency in China and ASEAN, 2015–2020: a DEA-Tobit and SFA analysis application by Jing Kang, Rong Peng, Zhen Li, Fen Huang, Yujun Chen, Jun Feng, Junyuan Wei, Fu Yu, Xiaorong Su, Xianjing Qin, Qiming Feng

“…Objective To evaluate the health systems efficiency in China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries from 2015 to 2020.Design Health efficiency analysis using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier approach analysis.Setting Health systems in China and ASEAN countries.Methods DEA-Malmquist model and SFA model were used to analyse the health system efficiency among China and ASEAN countries, and the Tobit regression model was employed to analyse the factors affecting the efficiency of health system among these countries.Results In 2020, the average technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of China and 10 ASEAN countries’ health systems were 0.700, 1 and 0.701, respectively. …”
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Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysisResearch in co... by Suvesh Shrestha, Angelina Addae, Cecily Miller, Nazir Ismail, Alice Zwerling

“…Methods: To inform WHO guideline development group (GDG) on tNGS we developed a stochastic decision analysis model and assessed cost-effectiveness of tNGS for DST among rifampicin resistance individuals. …”
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Impact of short-term soil disturbance on cadmium remobilization and associated risk in vulnerable regions by Zhong Zhuang, Hao Qi, Siyu Huang, Qiqi Wang, Yanan Wan, Huafen Li

“…This study highlights the potential of hybrid data-driven approaches, combining machine learning, mechanistic model and stochastic prediction to simplify the complex environmental process, allowing for integrated risk evaluations.…”
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IbI logics optimization algorithm-based high-order sliding mode control for DSIG within a wind turbine system by Khaled Benzaoui, Abderrahmen Bouguerra, Samir Zeghlache, Ahmed Elsanabary, Saad Mekhilef, Ahmed Bendib, Houssam eddine Ghadbane, Hegazy Rezk

“…The proposed method is superior to the existing techniques, as it uses the IbI, a metaheuristic stochastic algorithm, to optimize the gains of the flux, speed, and current HOSMC controllers simultaneously. …”
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Modeling of Blood Flow Dynamics in Rat Somatosensory Cortex by Stéphanie Battini, Nicola Cantarutti, Christos Kotsalos, Yann Roussel, Alessandro Cattabiani, Alexis Arnaudon, Cyrille Favreau, Stefano Antonel, Henry Markram, Daniel Keller

“…We developed a framework with three key components: coupling between the vasculature and synthesized astrocytic morphologies, a fluid dynamics model to compute flow in each vascular segment, and a stochastic process replicating the effect of astrocytic endfeet on vessel radii. …”
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Area under the Curve-Based Dosing of Vancomycin in Critically Ill Patients Using 6-Hour Urine Creatinine Clearance Measurement by Bita Shahrami, Farhad Najmeddin, Saeideh Ghaffari, Atabak Najafi, Mohammad Reza Rouini, Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh

“…Vancomycin pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for each patient using serum concentration data and a one-compartment model provided by MONOLIX software using stochastic approximation expectation-maximization (SAEM) algorithm. …”
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Integrated movement models for individual tracking and species distribution data by Frances E. Buderman, Ephraim M. Hanks, Viviana Ruiz‐Gutierrez, Michael Shull, Robert K. Murphy, David A. W. Miller

“…We outline a general IMM framework and develop and apply a specific stochastic differential equation model to a case study of telemetry and species distribution data for golden eagles in western North American during spring migration. …”
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Silicon photonic modulators with a 2 × 1 Fabry–Perot cavity by Cao Hengzhen, Xie Jin, Sun Weichao, Zhu Mingyu, Xiang Yuluan, Zhang Gong, Guo Jingshu, Shi Yaocheng, Dai Daoxin

“…In particular, the straight modulation section in the FP cavity is broadened to be far beyond the single-mode regime, alleviating the inherent sensitivity to the variations of waveguide dimensions and thus reducing stochastic resonance-wavelength variations. The Q factor of the FP cavity is manipulated by optimally manipulating the reflection of the AMWGs, and the modulation bandwidth is enhanced to be over 40 GHz by utilizing the optical peaking enhancement effect, which happens when operating at the wavelength slightly detuning to its resonance wavelength. …”
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