EPIGENETICS TODAY AND TOMORROW by B. F. Vanyushin

“…Epigenetic parameters are very significant for understanding of somaclonal variation mechanisms; characterization of clones and cell cultures, including stem cells at various differentiation stages; and determination of their differentiation directions. …”
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Discovery of a sushi domain-containing protein 2-positive phenotype in circulating tumor cells of metastatic breast cancer patients by Kai Bartkowiak, Parinaz Mossahebi Mohammadi, Paula Nissen, Stefan Werner, David Agorku, Antje Andreas, Maria Geffken, Sven Peine, Karl Verpoort, Thomas M. Deutsch, Laura L. Michel, Andreas Schneeweiss, Verena Thewes, Andreas Trumpp, Olaf Hardt, Volkmar Müller, Sabine Riethdorf, Hartmut Schlüter, Klaus Pantel

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Biosynthesis of Lysosomally Escaped Apoptotic Bodies Inhibits Inflammasome Synthesis in Macrophages by Jiayi Mao, Wenzheng Xia, Yanglin Wu, Minxiong Li, Yun Zhao, Peisong Zhai, Yuguang Zhang, Tao Zan, Wenguo Cui, Xiaoming Sun

“…In this study, engineered apoptotic bodies (BHB-dABs) derived from adipose stem cells loaded with β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) were synthesized via biosynthesis. …”
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An animal model of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome for translational research by Kuo-An Chu, Chia-Yu Lai, Yu-Hui Chen, Fu-Hsien Kuo, I.-Yuan Chen, You-Cheng Jiang, Ya-Ling Liu, Tsui-Ling Ko, Yu-Show Fu

“…To evaluate precisely the therapeutic effect of transplanted stem cells or medications on acute lung injury, we developed an animal model of severe ARDS with lower lung function, capable of keeping the experimental animals survive with consistent reproducibility. …”
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Oncogenic PIK3CA corrupts growth factor signaling specificity by Ralitsa R Madsen, Alix Le Marois, Oliwia N Mruk, Margaritis Voliotis, Shaozhen Yin, Jahangir Sufi, Xiao Qin, Salome J Zhao, Julia Gorczynska, Daniele Morelli, Lindsay Davidson, Erik Sahai, Viktor I Korolchuk, Christopher J Tape, Bart Vanhaesebroeck

“…Dose-dependent expression of PIK3CA H1047R in human cervical cancer and induced pluripotent stem cells corrupted the fidelity of growth factor-induced information transfer, with preferential amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling responses compared to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin receptor signaling. …”
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Advancing the genetic engineering toolbox by combining AsCas12a knock-in mice with ultra-compact screening by Wei Jin, Yexuan Deng, John E. La Marca, Emily J. Lelliott, Sarah T. Diepstraten, Christina König, Lin Tai, Valentina Snetkova, Kristel M. Dorighi, Luke Hoberecht, Millicent G. Hedditch, Lauren Whelan, Geraldine Healey, Dan Fayle, Kieran Lau, Margaret A. Potts, Moore Z. Chen, Angus P. R. Johnston, Yang Liao, Wei Shi, Andrew J. Kueh, Benjamin Haley, Jean-Philippe Fortin, Marco J. Herold

“…We further demonstrate successful in vivo gene editing, using normal and cancer-prone enAsCas12a stem cells to reconstitute the haematopoietic system of wild-type mice. …”
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Insights from the single-cell level: lineage trajectory and somatic-germline interactions during spermatogenesis in dwarf surfclam Mulinia lateralis by Yajuan Li, Huilan Wei, Xiaoting Dai, Lijing Zhang, Liangjie Liu, Xiaomei Chen, Tian Liu, Ya Shu, Yaxin Yang, Shi Wang, Zhenmin Bao, Lingling Zhang

“…Abstract Background Spermatogenesis is a complex process of cellular differentiation that commences with the division of spermatogonia stem cells, ultimately resulting in the production of functional spermatozoa. …”
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Sex-based differences in the long-term fate of hippocampal neurons born after a traumatic brain injury by Hannah C. Downing, Hannah C. Downing, Ashley B. Glover, Jessica E. Gebhardt, Jessica E. Gebhardt, Katherine L. Thompson, Kathryn E. Saatman, Kathryn E. Saatman, Kathryn E. Saatman

“…IntroductionModerate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in an early loss of immature hippocampal granule cells and the activation of typically quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus. Activation of NSCs leads to a robust increase in proliferation and generation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), supporting restoration of the immature neuron population of over a period of 1–2 weeks. …”
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Molecular, Cytogenetic, and Hematological Analysis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients and Discovery of Two Novel Translocations by Muhammad Asif, Abrar Hussain, Abdul Wali, Nazeer Ahmed, Irfan Ali, Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Amir, Muhammad Shafiq, Mahmood Rasool

“…Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a disease of hematopoietic stem cells and is caused by the balanced translocations among the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22, which are called the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. …”
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Development and characterization of a chicory extract fermented by Akkermansia muciniphila: An in vitro study on its potential to modulate obesity-related inflammation by A. Chervet, R. Nehme, C. Defois-Fraysse, C. Decombat, C. Blavignac, C. Auxenfans, B. Evrard, S. Michel, E. Filaire, J.-Y. Berthon, A. Dreux-Zigha, L. Delort, F. Caldefie-Chézet

“…The anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity activities of C-Akm extract were studied by testing the extract (50 μg/mL) on the polarization of THP-1 into macrophages, the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated PBMCs, and the secretion of leptin and adiponectin in adipospheroids derived from human adipose stem cells. Finally, the extract was examined in 3D co-culture model mimicking inflamed obese adipose tissue. …”
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Multi-omic and single-cell profiling of chromothriptic medulloblastoma reveals genomic and transcriptomic consequences of genome instability by Petr Smirnov, Moritz J. Przybilla, Milena Simovic-Lorenz, R. Gonzalo Parra, Hana Susak, Manasi Ratnaparkhe, John KL. Wong, Verena Körber, Jan-Philipp Mallm, George Philippos, Martin Sill, Thorsten Kolb, Rithu Kumar, Nicola Casiraghi, Konstantin Okonechnikov, David R. Ghasemi, Kendra Korinna Maaß, Kristian W. Pajtler, Anna Jauch, Andrey Korshunov, Thomas Höfer, Marc Zapatka, Stefan M. Pfister, Wolfgang Huber, Oliver Stegle, Aurélie Ernst

“…Here we analyse single-cell genomic and transcriptomic alterations linked with chromothripsis in human p53-deficient medulloblastoma and neural stem cells (n = 9). We reconstruct the order of somatic events, identify early alterations likely linked to chromothripsis and depict the contribution of chromothripsis to malignancy. …”
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Four cardiomyopathy patients with a heterozygous DSG2 p.Arg119Ter variant by Takuya Sumida, Shou Ogawa, Shuichiro Higo, Yuki Kuramoto, Ryo Eto, Yoshihiko Ikeda, Congcong Sun, Junjun Li, Li Liu, Tomoka Tabata, Yoshihiro Asano, Mikio Shiba, Yasuhiro Akazawa, Daisuke Nakamura, Takafumi Oka, Tomohito Ohtani, Yasushi Sakata

“…A microforce test using human cardiomyocytes differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) demonstrated reduced contractility in iPSC-CMs carrying a heterozygous truncating variant in DSG2. …”
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Skeletal progenitor LRP1 deficiency causes severe and persistent skeletal defects with Wnt pathway dysregulation by Mohammad Alhashmi, Abdulrahman M. E. Gremida, Santosh K. Maharana, Marco Antonaci, Amy Kerr, Shijian Fu, Sharna Lunn, David A. Turner, Noor A. Al-Maslamani, Ke Liu, Maria M. Meschis, Hazel Sutherland, Peter Wilson, Peter Clegg, Grant N. Wheeler, Robert J. van ‘t Hof, George Bou-Gharios, Kazuhiro Yamamoto

“…Lrp1 deficiency in these stem cells causes joint fusion, malformation of cartilage/bone template and markedly delayed or lack of primary ossification. …”
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A dual role of Cohesin in DNA DSB repair by Michael Fedkenheuer, Yafang Shang, Seolkyoung Jung, Kevin Fedkenheuer, Solji Park, Davide Mazza, Robin Sebastian, Hiroyuki Nagashima, Dali Zong, Hua Tan, Sushil Kumar Jaiswal, Haiqing Fu, Anthony Cruz, Supriya V. Vartak, Jan Wisniewski, Vittorio Sartorelli, John J. O’Shea, Laura Elnitski, Andre Nussenzweig, Mirit I. Aladjem, Fei-Long Meng, Rafael Casellas

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3D bioprinting of engineered exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages through immunomodulatory biomaterial promotes in vivo wound healing and angiogenesis by Sayan Deb Dutta, Jeong Man An, Jin Hexiu, Aayushi Randhawa, Keya Ganguly, Tejal V. Patil, Thavasyappan Thambi, Jangho Kim, Yong-kyu Lee, Ki-Taek Lim

“…Transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) and real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) study revealed that co-culture of fibroblast/keratinocyte/stem cells/endothelial cells in a 3D bioprinted COL@d-ECM/M2-Exo hydrogel upregulated the skin-associated signature biomarkers through various regulatory pathways during epidermis remodeling and downregulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway after 7 days. …”
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Genome-wide transcriptome analysis and drug target discovery reveal key genes and pathways in thyroid cancer metastasis by Minjing Zou, Amal Qattan, Monther Al-Alwan, Hazem Ghebeh, Naif Binjumah, Latifa Al-Haj, Khalid S. A. Khabar, Abdulmohsen Altaweel, Falah Almohanna, Abdullah M. Assiri, Abdelilah Aboussekhra, Ali S. Alzahrani, Ali S. Alzahrani, Yufei Shi

“…Mertk, a member of the TAM (Tyro, Axl, Mertk) family of RTKs, was also overexpressed in Met cells, which led to increased MAPK activation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and enrichment of cancer stem cells. Braf-mutant Met cells developed resistance to BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4720, but remained sensitive to β-catenin inhibitor PKF118-310.ConclusionWe have identified several overexpressed genes/pathways in thyroid cancer metastasis, making them attractive therapeutic targets. …”
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Characteristic of the active substance of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae preparation having radioprotective properties by G. S. Ritter, V. P. Nikolin, N. A. Popova, A. S. Proskurina, P. E. Kisaretova, O. S. Taranov, T. D. Dubatolova, E. V. Dolgova, E. A. Potter, S. S. Kirikovich, Y. R. Efremov, S. I. Bayborodin, M. V. Romanenko, M. I. Meschaninova, A. G. Venyaminova, N. A. Kolchanov, S. S. Bogachev

“…It is supposed that the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA is associated with the participation of RNA molecules in the correct repair of radiation-damaged chromatin in blood stem cells. The hematopoietic pluripotent cells that have survived migrate to the periphery, reach the spleen and actively proliferate. …”
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PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MICE TREATED WITH CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND EXOGENOUS DNA by E. V. Dolgova, V. P. Nikolin, N. A. Popova, A. S. Proskurina, K. E. Orishchenko, E. A. Alyamkina, Ya. R. Efremov, S. I. Baiborodin, E. R. Chernykh, A. A. Ostanin, S. S. Bogachev, T. S. Gvozdeva, E. M. Malkova, O. S. Taranov, V. A. Rogachev, A. S. Panov, S. N. Zagrebelnyi, M. A. Shurdov

“…However, the relative amount of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from day 15 and till the end of the observation constituted 1,2–1,4 %, which corresponds to the wild-type range. …”
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Identification of glutamine as a potential therapeutic target in dry eye disease by Xiaoniao Chen, Chuyue Zhang, Fei Peng, Lingling Wu, Deyi Zhuo, Liqiang Wang, Min Zhang, Zhaohui Li, Lei Tian, Ying Jie, Yifei Huang, Xinji Yang, Xiaoqi Li, Fengyang Lei, Yu Cheng

“…Our study demonstrated that co-treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) yielded the best therapeutic outcome against dry eye, surpassing monotherapy outcomes. …”
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B7-H3 CAR-T cell therapy combined with irradiation is effective in targeting bulk and radiation-resistant chordoma cancer cells by Kun Wang, Gianpietro Dotti, Soldano Ferrone, Yufeng Wang, Yin P Hung, Tao Ma, Giulia Cattaneo, Xinhui Wang, David O Osei-Hwedieh, Tara A Walhart, Joseph H Schwab

“…This study explores the efficacy of B7-H3 chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy in vitro and in vivo.Methods Chordoma cancer stem cells (CCSCs) were identified using flow cytometry, sphere formation, and western blot analysis. …”
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