Comparison of global transcriptomes for nontyphoidal Salmonella clinical isolates from pediatric patients with and without bacteremia after their interaction with human intestinal... by Buyandelger Batsaikhan, Pei-Chun Lin, Katsumi Shigemura, Yu-Wei Wu, Reo Onishi, Pei-Ru Chang, Hung-Yen Cheng, Shiuh-Bin Fang

“…Certain Salmonella Pathogenicity Island (SPI)-1 genes (sipC, sipA, sicA, sipD, and sipB), SPI-2 genes (ssaP, ssrA, and ssaS), and six SPI-4 genes (siiA, siiB, siiC, siiD, siiE, and siiF) remained upregulated in the bacteremic blood-derived strains but significantly downregulated in the nonbacteremic strains after their interaction with Caco-2 cells. …”
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Applying an Ecology Metaphor in a Mixed Methods Analysis of High School Science Program Infrastructure by Niyazi Erdogan, Carol L. Stuessy

“…A sequential exploratory mixed methods approach guided research on the science program infrastructures (SPI) of a sample of 28 high schools representing 1,370 high schools in a large southwestern state. …”
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Drought Trends in the Iberian Peninsula over the Last 112 Years by P. Páscoa, C. M. Gouveia, A. Russo, R. M. Trigo

“…SPI and SPEI were calculated with a 12-month time scale, using data from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) database. …”
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Effects of Trichinella spiralis and its serine protease inhibitors on intestinal mucosal barrier function by Ruibiao Wang, Yuheng Zhang, Zhixin Li, Jingbo Zhen, Qiankun Li, Qi Zhang, Yuqi Yang, Xueting Liu, Yixin Lu

“…There was also increased expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR-1, TLR-2, TLR-4) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β). Recombinant SPIs (rKaSPI, rAdSPI) were purified, co-cultured with intestinal epithelial cells (IPECs), and used in mouse models. …”
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Synchronicity analysis of meteorological variables on agricultural drought in the Loess Plateau, China by Fang Liu, Hongbo Zhang, Yihang Li, Zhiyuan Ning, Shuai Hao

“…The synchronization analysis shows that the lag times for SPI, STI, SWI, and SNR early warnings of drought are 65.7 days, 60.5 days, 52.8 days, and 55.8 days, respectively. …”
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Elevation of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity Induced by Amplified Insulin Response in Low Glutathione Levels in Rat Liver by Misako Taniguchi, Nobuko Mori, Chizuru Iramina, Akira Yasutake

“…Of rats on the 10% SPI diet, GSH levels were lower and the enzyme activities were higher than of those fed on an SAA-supplemented diet. …”
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The Detection of Pest Contaminants in Chocolate Using Visible-Near-Infrared Single-Pixel Imaging Technology by Hidemasa Taketoshi, Tetsuya Inagaki, Satoru Tsuchikawa, Te Ma

“…This study aimed to develop a visible-near-infrared single-pixel imaging (Vis-NIR-SPI) method to detect small insects inside food. …”
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The effect of auditor's competence, experience, professional ethics, and auditor's professional skepticism on the auditor's ability in detecting fraud by Salman Jumaili, Sri Rahayu, Rahayu Rahayu

“…This study analyzes the influence of competence, experience of auditors, professional ethics, and professional skepticism of auditors on the ability of auditors to detect fraud (Survey of SPI Members of State Universities in Indonesia). …”
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Water Risk and Mining Firms’ Stock Return by Maryam Davallou, Shirin Mehrali

“…Also, the effect of drought hazard index, firm size, and covariance of market return with SPI on the value at risk of firms were investigated. …”
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Variation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) under Changing Climate: Kadolkele Mangrove Forest, Sri Lanka by Randika K. Makumbura, Upaka Rathnayake

“…The measurements of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were used to produce the leaf area index (LAI), which was then combined with the standard precipitation index (SPI) to estimate the health of the mangroves. The climate scenario, RCP8.5, was used to forecast future SPI (2021–2100), and LAI was modeled under the observed (1991–2019) and expected (2021–2100) drought events. …”
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Assessment of Meteorological Drought in Korea under Climate Change by Jaewon Kwak, Soojun Kim, Jaewon Jung, Vijay P. Singh, Dong Ryul Lee, Hung Soo Kim

“…For the spatial characterization of drought, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) is calculated from the 45 observatories in Korea and the spatial distribution is also estimated based on the joint probability analysis using the copula method. …”
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Agricultural Drought Assessment using Remote Sensing Data (Case study: Tuyserkan County) by Maedeh Malmir, Kamran Shayesteh, Iman Pazhouhan

“…Generally, the results of the VCI and SPI indices largely confirm the results of the NDVI index. …”
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Analysis of Drought Spatial Statistics in Iran by saeed javizadeh, zahra hejazizadeh

“…The results of Moran index for drought showed that the values for different years during the statistical period have a positive and close to one, indicating that the SPI drought index data has spatial self-correlation and cluster pattern. …”
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Quality improvement of plant-based white chocolate enriched with encapsulated blueberry juice by Rossi Indiarto, Natallina Wiranto Putri, Fetriyuna Fetriyuna, Edy Subroto, Arif Nanda Irawan, Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Mohd Nizam Lani

“…The results indicated that substituting SPI and AM significantly affected the physicochemical and sensory characteristics, except for springiness, cohesiveness, and aroma. …”
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Evaluation of four gridded climate products for streamflow and drought simulations in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia by Hongrong Du, Mou Leong Tan, Kwok Pan Chun, Fei Zhang

“…Most GCPs effectively identified drought events in 1998, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2015 under SPI-1 and SPI-3, but the intensity of dryness varied slightly among the products.…”
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Asociación entre algunos índices de sequía e impactos socio-productivos en el Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica by Luis Eduardo Quesada-Hernández, Hugo G. Hidalgo, Eric J. Alfaro

“…Estos datos se compararon con los siguientes 6 índices mediante una regresión logística: el Índice Normalizado de Precipitación a escalas de 6 y 12 meses (conocidos como SPI 6 y SPI 12 respectivamente), el Índice de Severidad de Sequía y el Índice Hidrológico de Palmer (conocidos como PDSI y PHDI, respectivamente), el Índice de Reconocimiento de Sequía (conocido como RDI) y el Índice Modificado de Anomalía de Lluvia (conocido como mRAI), todos previamente aplicados en América Central. …”
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Analysis of Changes in Precipitation and Drought in Aksu River Basin, Northwest China by Yuhu Zhang, Wanyuan Cai, Qiuhua Chen, Yunjun Yao, Kaili Liu

“…In this study, precipitation and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) trends were analyzed through applying linear regression, Mann–Kendall, and Spearman’s Rho tests at the 5% significance level. …”
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Meteorological Drought Index Mapping in Bangladesh Using Standardized Precipitation Index during 1981–2010 by Md. Anarul Haque Mondol, Iffat Ara, Subash Chandra Das

“…In this paper, the meteorological drought has been shown by using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method and illustrated through the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method across Bangladesh. …”
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Drought monitoring in Ardabil province by means of SEPI fuzzy index developed based on the fuzzy logic by behroz Sobhani, ata gafarigilandeh, akbar goldost

“…There‌fore, the investigation into drought with SEPI index is better than SPI index. Studies associated to drought on the basis of SEPI index shows that drought process is increasing in Ardabil province. …”
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Modern Diplomacy and the Changing Nature of International Politics in the 21st Century by Marc E. Oosthuizen

“…[ii] To further scrutinise the phenomena driving change and influencing modern diplomacy, the research utilises specific and relevant international political issues such as post-Cold War international politics, the hegemonic decline of the US, the rise of China, the problems in the Middle East, nuclear disarmament, climate change, Globalisation, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), the COVID-19 pandemic and diplomatic inflation.   1) Haynes 2011, 5-6, 8; Stern 2015; Spies 2019a, 42-43. [ii]) Haynes 2011, 8; Sharp 1999, 33; Spies 2019a, 42-43. …”
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