Efficacy and safety of pseudolaric acid B against Echinococcus multilocularis in vitro and in a murine infection model by Zhuo-ma Dawa, Zhuo-ma Dawa, Ting Zhai, Ting Zhai, Chuan-chuan Liu, Chuan-chuan Liu, Hai-ning Fan, Hai-ning Fan

“…After PAB treatment, the levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes increased and the levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes decreased in the host tissue surrounding the metacestodes and the spleen. The proportions of the Th1 and Th17 cell subpopulations were increased and the proportion of Th2 cell and Treg cell subpopulations was decreased in the host tissue surrounding the metacestodes. …”
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Rescue of in vitro models of CSF1R-related adult-onset leukodystrophy by iluzanebart: mechanisms and therapeutic implications of TREM2 agonism by Kelley C. Larson, Frederick W. Gergits, Abigail J. Renoux, Elizabeth J. Weisman, Borislav Dejanovic, Liyue Huang, Bhaumik Pandya, Donald G. McLaren, Berkley A. Lynch, Richard Fisher, Evan Thackaberry, David Gray, Francois Gaudreault, Christian Mirescu

“…Similar functions have also been ascribed to triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), which shares an analogous microglia enrichment profile and converging intracellular signaling pathway mediated by spleen associated tyrosine kinase (SYK) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K). …”
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Invariant Natural Killer T Cells as Key Players in Host Resistance against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by Joes Nogueira-Neto, Flavio V. Loures, Alessandra S. Schanoski, David A. G. Andrade, Michelangelo B. Gonzatti, Tania A. Costa, Bruno C. Vivanco, Patrícia Xander, Daniela S. Rosa, Vera L. G. Calich, Alexandre C. Keller

“…The deficient innate immune response of Jα18-/- mice to Pb18 infection resulted in increased fungal burden in the lungs and spleen. Besides, the activation of iNKT cells in vivo by administration of the exogenous iNKT ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) improved host resistance to P. brasiliensis infection. …”
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OUR EXPERIENCE IN TREATMENT OF ENTEROATMOSPHERIC FISTULAS FORMED AS A RESULT OF MINE-EXPLOSIVE INJURY by Kyrylo Parkhomenko, Anastasia Drozdova, Kostiantyn Prokopenko, Ivan Parkhomenko

“…. , in 2 - injury of the spleen, in 1 - violation of the integrity of the pelvic bones. …”
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Correlation and diagnostic significance of CD4 T cell subsets and NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: the role of the NLRP3/T-bet/GATA3 axis by Yingnan Hu, Jingyi Tang, Dian Yu, Shuo Su, Jintao Fang, Linying Xia, Wenjun Xu, Weihan Zhu, Ninping Song, Fengyong Wang, Dechang Diao, Wei Zhang

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Phytochemical, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Fruits of Miswak Plant, Salvadora persica L. by Mohammed Al Bratty, Hafiz A. Makeen, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Sohier M. Syame, Ashraf N. Abdalla, Husham E. Homeida, Shahnaz Sultana, Waquar Ahsan, Asaad Khalid

“…It is traditionally known as “miswak” and used as toothbrushes and for the treatment of toothache, gum diseases, boils, chest infection, gonorrhea, headache, spleen troubles, stomachache, and ulcers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study aimed at conducting phytochemical, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial investigations of the fruits (berries) of S. persica collected from the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. …”
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Immunogenic Evaluation of Ribosomal P-Protein Antigen P0, P1, and P2 and Pentameric Protein Complex P0-(P1-P2)2 of Plasmodium falciparum in a Mouse Model by Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska, Leszek Wawiórka, Dawid Krokowski, Nikodem Grankowski, Łukasz Jarosz, Urszula Lisiecka, Marek Tchórzewski

“…An in vitro exposure of spleen lymphocytes from the immunized mice especially to the P1, P2, and P0-(P1-P2)2 protein caused 2-3-fold higher cell proliferation than that in the case of lymphocytes from the nonimmunized animals, suggesting development of immune memory. …”
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Emergency department laparotomy for patients with severe abdominal trauma: a retrospective study at a single regional trauma center in Korea by Yu Jin Lee, Soon Tak Jeong, Joongsuck Kim, Kwanghee Yeo, Ohsang Kwon, Kyounghwan Kim, Sung Jin Park, Jihun Gwak, Wu Seong Kang

“…The other four patients, who had liver laceration, kidney rupture, spleen injury, and pancreas avulsion, succumbed to the injuries. …”
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A developed TaqMan probe-based qPCR was used to quantify the distribution of AMDV in various tissues of infected mink and its prevalence in northern China by Zaixing Yang, Zaixing Yang, Yifan Li, Yuxuan Jiang, Yuxuan Jiang, Jingqi Wu, Zhenhong Guan, Junwei Ge, Lili Zhao

“…Tissue distribution analysis showed that viral loads were generally high in all organs, especially in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen, and the virus was also detected in non-lymphoid tissues such as the brain, confirming the widespread distribution of AMDV throughout the body of mink. …”
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Aberrant B cell receptor signaling responses in circulating double-negative 2 B cells from radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients by Rick Wilbrink, Stefan F.H. Neys, Rudi W. Hendriks, Anneke Spoorenberg, Frans G.M. Kroese, Odilia B.J. Corneth, Gwenny M.P.J. Verstappen

“…Next, we explored B cell subset distribution and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling responses in circulating B cells from 28 r-axSpA patients and 15 HCs, by measuring spleen tyrosine kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation upon α-Ig stimulation using phosphoflow cytometry. …”
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Impact of heavy metal pollution on the use of fishing pond land, a former site of used battery smelting by E. Riani, N.A. Butet, M. Ansori, M.R. Cordova

“…Contaminating heavy metals also cause various damage to fish organs, namely, edema in the kidneys, melano-macrophage centers in the spleen and liver, edema and hyperplasia in the epithelial gills, and fatty degeneration in the liver and its lysed ovary cells.CONCLUSION: Consequently, land in Cinangka Village is still categorized as hazardous, and toxic waste and should not be converted into a fishing pond because the soil is a point source of pollution that contaminates fish with high concentrations of heavy metals and damages their organs. …”
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Robust collection and processing for label-free single voxel proteomics by Reta Birhanu Kitata, Marija Velickovic, Zhangyang Xu, Rui Zhao, David Scholten, Rosalie K. Chu, Daniel J. Orton, William B. Chrisler, Tong Zhang, Jeremy V. Mathews, Benjamin M. Bumgarner, Demirkan B. Gursel, Ronald J. Moore, Paul D. Piehowski, Tao Liu, Richard D. Smith, Huiping Liu, Clive H. Wasserfall, Chia-Feng Tsai, Tujin Shi

“…This method enables reproducible, label-free quantification of approximately 900 and 4600 proteins for single voxels at 20 µm × 20 µm × 10 µm (~1 cell region) and 200 µm × 200 µm × 10 µm (~100 cell region) from fresh frozen human spleen tissue, respectively. It can reveal spatially resolved protein signatures and region-specific signaling pathways. …”
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Research progress on the cupping therapy along meridians in the treatment of constipation after stroke (循经拔罐治疗中风后便秘) by WANG Li (王丽), HUANG Chaoping (黄朝萍), WANG Fang (王芳), MA Xin (马欣), ZHANG Shuai (张帅), LI Yanmin (李艳敏), CHENG Jiangyan (程江艳), WANG Jing (王晶)

“…Cupping therapy along meridians is an effective Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technique for regulating heart, liver, spleen and lung function, dredging the channel, regulating the qi-blood, balancing Yin and Yang, and improing the symptoms of constipation. …”
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A High-Salt Diet Disturbs the Development and Function of Natural Killer Cells in Mice by Xiaokang Zeng, Yan Li, Weibiao Lv, Xinhuai Dong, Chong Zeng, Liming Zeng, Zibo Wei, Xu Lin, Yanning Ma, Qiang Xiao

“…Our results show that the number of NK cells in the spleen and lungs of HSD-fed mice was significantly reduced, which may be due to the inhibition of NK cell proliferation. …”
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Holographic meridian scraping on patient with essential hypertension of phlegm-blood stasis type: A case report of treatment and nursing experience (全息经络刮痧疗法干预痰瘀互结型原发性高血压1例效果观察及护理体... by ZHANG Man (张曼), DONG Chunfang (董春芳), ZHANG Ruoyin (张若荫), XUE Li (薛丽), Deng Yulong (邓玉龙)

“…It can dredge the meridians, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, strengthen the spleen and dry dampness, control the blood pressure level and reduce clinical symptoms, which has positive clinical significance. …”
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The regulatory role of cystatin C in autophagy and neurodegeneration by T. A. Korolenko, A. B. Shintyapina, A. B. Pupyshev, A. A. Akopyan, G. S. Russkikh, M. A. Dikovskaya, V. A. Vavilin, E. L Zavjalov, M. A. Tikhonova, T. G. Amstislavskaya

“…In an experiment on C57Bl/6J mice, cystatin C concentration was significantly higher in brain tissue than in the liver and spleen: an indication of an important function of this cysteine protease inhibitor in the brain. …”
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Tissue- and Cell Type-Specific Expression of the Long Noncoding RNA Klhl14-AS in Mouse by Sara Carmela Credendino, Nicole Lewin, Miriane de Oliveira, Swaraj Basu, Barbara D’Andrea, Elena Amendola, Luigi Di Guida, Antonio Nardone, Remo Sanges, Mario De Felice, Gabriella De Vita

“…We examine the whole expression level of Klhl14-AS in a panel of adult mouse tissues, showing that it is expressed in the thyroid, lung, kidney, testis, ovary, brain, and spleen, although at different levels. In situ hybridization analysis reveals that, in the context of each organ, Klhl14-AS shows a cell type-specific expression. …”
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Validation of a Real Time PCR for Classical Swine Fever Diagnosis by Natanael Lamas Dias, Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior, Anapolino Macedo Oliveira, Érica Bravo Sales, Bruna Rios Coelho Alves, Fernanda Alves Dorella, Marcelo Fernandes Camargos

“…The tissues tested were spleen, kidney, blood, tonsils, and lymph nodes. Sequencing of the positive samples for 5′NTR region was performed to evaluate the specificity of the RT-qPCR. …”
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Mechanistic investigation and the optimal dose based on baicalin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis–A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis by Jinchen Chong, Zepeng Chen, Jiaze Ma, Linhai He, Yijia Zhu, Zhihua Lu, Zhengxi Qiu, Chen Chen, Yugen Chen, Feng Jiang

“…Baicalin significantly modulated various biomarkers: HCS (SMD = -3.91), DAI (MD = -2.75), spleen index (MD = -12.76), MDA (SMD = -3.88), IL-6 (SMD = -10.59), IL-1β (SMD = -3.98), TNF-α (SMD = -8.05), NF-κB (SMD = -5.46), TLR4 (MD = -0.38), RORγ (MD = -0.89), MCP-1 (MD = -153.25), MPO (SMD = -7.34), Caspase-9 (MD = -0.93), Caspase-3 (MD = -0.45), FasL (MD = -1.20)) and enhanced BWC (MD = 0.06), CL (MD = 1.39), ZO-1 (MD = 0.44), SOD (SMD = 3.04), IL-10 mRNA (MD = 3.14), and FOXP3 (MD = 0.45) levels. …”
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A systematic review and meta-analysis: prevalence and clinical implications of anatomical variants of the hepatic portal vein by Juan José Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Benjamín Rodríguez-Osorio, Cristian Salgado-Torres, Pablo Nova-Baeza, Mathias Orellana-Donoso, Alejandro Bruna-Mejías, Roberto Avila-Sepulveda, Álvaro Becerra-Farfán, Macarena Rodríguez-Luengo, Juan Sanchis-Gimeno, Guinevere Granite, Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza

“…Abstract The hepatic portal vein is the main vascular route responsible for collecting blood from the liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines. …”
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