Three-way relationships between gut microbiota, helminth assemblages and bacterial infections in wild rodent populations by Bouilloud, Marie, Galan, Maxime, Dubois, Adelaide, Diagne, Christophe, Marianneau, Philippe, Roche, Benjamin, Charbonnel, Nathalie

“…We applied analyses of community and microbial ecology to evaluate the interactions between the gut bacteriota, the gastro-intestinal helminths and the pathogenic bacteria detected in the spleen. We identified important variations of the gut bacteriota composition and diversity among bank voles. …”
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Histomorphological Study of Rodenticide Poisoning: An Autopsy-based Crosssectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India by P Narmadha Priya, Jayalakshmy Pechimuthu, V Palaniappan, Teleflo Boopathy, Jeevanandham Anbazhagan, Jeevitha Muniraj

“…Autopsy specimens, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, spleen and brain, were preserved in formalin and subjected to gross and microscopic examination by a pathologist. …”
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Effects of pesticide dichlorvos on liver injury in rats and related toxicity mechanisms by Pengcheng Zhang, Zixian Zhou, Jiaqi Yao, Yuhong Jiang, Hang Lei, Zhijun Xie, Juan Li, Xianlin Zhao, Lv Zhu, Meihua Wan, Ling Liu, Wenfu Tang

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MBD2 Regulates Th17 Cell Differentiation and Experimental Severe Asthma by Affecting IRF4 Expression by Aijun Jia, Yueling Wang, Wenjin Sun, Bing Xiao, Yan Wei, Lulu Qiu, Lin Mu, Li Xu, Jianmin Li, Xiufeng Zhang, Da Liu, Cong Peng, Dongshan Zhang, Xudong Xiang

“…In the model, MBD2 and IRF4 protein expression increased in the lung and spleen cells. Under overexpression or silencing of the MBD2 and IRF4 gene, the differentiation of Th17 cells and IL-17 secretion showed positive changes. …”
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Exposure to Subclinical Doses of Fumonisins, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Affects Immune Response, Amino Acid Digestibility, and Intestinal Morphology in Broiler Chickens by Revathi Shanmugasundaram, Laharika Kappari, Mohammad Pilewar, Matthew K. Jones, Oluyinka A. Olukosi, Anthony Pokoo-Aikins, Todd J. Applegate, Anthony E. Glenn

“…Higher mycotoxin groups T2 to T6 had a reduction in the digestibility of amino acids methionine (<i>p</i> < 0.05), aspartate (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and serine (<i>p</i> < 0.05); a reduction in CD4+, CD8+ T-cell populations (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and an increase in T regulatory cell percentages in the spleen (<i>p</i> < 0.05); a decrease in splenic macrophage nitric oxide production and total IgA production (<i>p</i> < 0.05); and upregulated cytochrome P450-1A1 and 1A4 gene expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). …”
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In vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study and cutoff of florfenicol against Riemerella anatipestifer in ducks by Hui-Lin Zhang, Fa-Lei Li, Hui-Yang Chen, Ding-Mei Qin, Shu-Jun Sun, Meng-Meng Zhang, Huan-Zhong Ding, Yong Liu

“…Bactericidal effects in tissues (including those of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain) were achieved at doses of ≥20 mg/kg following 2 i.m. injections of FF within 24 h. …”
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The potential of supplementing compound organic trace elements at lower levels in Chinese yellow-feathered broiler diets, Part I: Impacts on plasma biochemical parameters, antioxid... by Xiaoyan Nie, Yucheng Yin, Qi Lu, Fei Zhao, Yang Dai, Rui Wang, Yiwen Ji, Huihua Zhang, Cui Zhu

“…Dietary OTM upregulated the mRNA expression of TGF-β and downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-1β in the spleen (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with compound OTM at lower levels could promote the deposition of trace minerals in serum and tissues, enhance antioxidant capacity, and improve the meat quality of Chinese yellow-feathered broilers.…”
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Low-dose radiation ameliorates PM2.5-induced lung injury through non-canonical TLR1/TLR2-like receptor pathways modulated by Akkermansia muciniphila by Li Wang, Zhipeng Li, Huan He, Lijing Qin, Weiqiang Xu, Hongyuan Tian, Rongrong Liu, Xinru Lian, Wen Li, Yali Qi, Zhicheng Wang

“…Additionally, after PM2.5 exposure, M1 polarization of macrophages in alveolar lavage fluid and Th1 polarization in spleen increased, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α) increased and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β) decreased in lung and serum. …”
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Asymptomatic Post-Traumatic Rupture of the Right Diaphragm Dome by E. A. Losik, M. V. Fadeeva, V. V. Shchegelsky, R. T. Rzaev, A. V. Stepanov, K. B. Puzakov, M. R. Skhirtladze

“…In the case of left-sided diaphragm ruptures, which are much more frequent than the right-sided ones, the stomach, large and small intestines as well as spleen are displaced into the thoracic cavity. In the case of rightsided diaphragm ruptures, the liver and gallbladder are displaced into the thoracic cavity. …”
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Genetic background and microbiome drive susceptibility to epicutaneous sensitization and food allergy in adjuvant-free mouse model by Tereza Hornikova, Anna Jelinkova, Zuzana Jiraskova Zakostelska, Tomas Thon, Stepan Coufal, Andrea Polouckova, Eliska Kopelentova, Miloslav Kverka, Peter Makovicky, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Anna Sediva, Martin Schwarzer, Dagmar Srutkova

“…The development of food allergy (FA) symptoms, the Th2 and mast cell immune response and differences in the skin and gut microbiota were investigated.ResultsBALB/c mice, but not C57BL/6 mice, showed severe clinical signs of FA (hypothermia, diarrhea) as well as a stronger serum antibody response and Th2 cytokine secretion in the spleen and jejunum after OVA-treatment. The increased mast cell count correlated with higher MCPT-1 production and histidine decarboxylase mRNA expression in the jejunum of these mice. …”
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First clinical cases of leishmaniosis in meerkats (Suricata suricatta) housed in wildlife parks in Madrid, Spain by Pablo Moraleda-Berral, Rosa Gálvez, Eva Martínez-Nevado, Lino Pérez de Quadros, Juncal García, Manuel de la Riva-Fraga, Juan Pedro Barrera, Efrén Estévez-Sánchez, Lourdes Cano, Rocío Checa, María Ángeles Jiménez-Martínez, Ana Montoya, Guadalupe Miró

“…Positive results were obtained in serology, nested PCR, and real-time PCR (blood, conjunctival and oral swabs, hair, spleen, lymph node, liver, kidney, and skin), as well as numerous amastigotes in the liver and kidney tissue samples. …”
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Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Treg-Specific USP21 Knockout Mice by Youxiang Zhang, De-Hui Xiong, Yangyang Li, Guina Xu, Baoxin Zhang, Yang Liu, Shan Zhang, Qing Huang, Simin Chen, Fansheng Zeng, Jingyi Guo, Bin Li, Zhiqiang Qin, Zuping Zhang

“…In addition, the levels of the USP21 protein and mRNA in the liver and spleen of KO mice decreased. We further observed increased Th1 responses amplified by Tregs (regulatory T cells) and compromised Th17 responses, which alleviated the liver immunopathology. …”
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Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilap... by Mohamed Shaalan, Heba H. Mahboub, Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad, Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith, Elsayed M. Younis, Ahmed A. Elnegiry, Asmaa W. Basher, Walaa El-Houseiny, Sherif M. Shawky, Sahar H. Orabi, Simon J. Davies, Yasmina K. Mahmoud

“…Additionally, dietary 2.0-mL TTO/kg showed the best outcomes for the intestinal morphometry plus maintaining the histological picture in spleen and liver. Concurrently, fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet exhibited a substantial upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TFG-β, IFN-γ and BCL-2 genes in the liver, while, caspase-3, and BAX were downregulated. …”
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Valine potentiates cefoperazone-sulbactam to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Shao-hua Li, Yuan Tao, Zhi-cheng Yang, Huan-zhe Fu, Hui-yin Lin, Xuan-xian Peng, Hui Li

“…In mouse models, lower bacterial load in liver, spleen, kidney, thigh, and higher survival were determined in the SCF + valine than valine or SCF alone. …”
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The mcpC mutant of Salmonella enteritidis exhibits attenuation and confers both immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice by Lu Zhang, Li Chen, Xuqiang Zhang, Yang Li, Qingfeng Zheng, Yun Li, Ning Li, Qiumei Shi, Yanying Zhang, Tonglei Wu

“…Additionally, ΔmcpC demonstrated significantly decreased colonization in the liver, spleen, and cecum of mice, indicating attenuated virulence. …”
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Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae by Luciene Silva dos Santos, Sayros Akyro Soares Martins, Francine Ramos Scheffer, Alexandre Seiji Maekawa, Rafaela de Paula Silva, Gabriel Rabelo de Araújo, Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho, Marina Rovani Drummond

“…To achieve this, ten immunocompetent BALB/c mice were obtained directly from the bioterium and euthanized for collection of samples, including blood, skin, spleen, liver, heart, eye, kidney, intestine, esophagus, and brain. …”
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PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MICE TREATED WITH CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND EXOGENOUS DNA by E. V. Dolgova, V. P. Nikolin, N. A. Popova, A. S. Proskurina, K. E. Orishchenko, E. A. Alyamkina, Ya. R. Efremov, S. I. Baiborodin, E. R. Chernykh, A. A. Ostanin, S. S. Bogachev, T. S. Gvozdeva, E. M. Malkova, O. S. Taranov, V. A. Rogachev, A. S. Panov, S. N. Zagrebelnyi, M. A. Shurdov

“…This suggestion is proven by structural equivalents of functional involution of lymphoid organs, such as thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes.We speculate that the death of treated animals resulted from multiple organ dysfunctions caused by accidental involution of lymphoid organs and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, both associated with injections of fragmented exogenous DNA into experimental animals within the «death window», which corresponds to the final step in the repair of the majority of CP-induced double-strand breaks.…”
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Formulation, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin-loaded ginger-derived nanovesicles for anti-colitis activity by Shengjie Huang, Min Zhang, Xiaoge Li, Jierong Pei, Zhirong Zhou, Peng Lei, Meng Wang, Peng Zhang, Heshui Yu, Guanwei Fan, Lifeng Han, Haiyang Yu, Yuefei Wang, Miaomiao Jiang

“…Compared to CUR and GDNV, CG was superior in improving disease activity, colon length, liver and spleen coefficients, myeloperoxidase activity, and biochemical factor levels in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. …”
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Relieving Sore Throat Formula Exerts a Therapeutic Effect on Pharyngitis through Immunoregulation and NF-κB Pathway by Yushi Ding, Suyun Yu, Zhonghong Wei, Rui Deng, Peng Chen, Yifan Sun, Qi Jia, Xiaoman Li, Yuanyuan Wu, Wenxing Chen, Kurt S. Zanker, Aiyun Wang, Yin Lu

“…We verified our in silico prediction results with an in vivo/vitro antibacterial effect test, mouse phagocytic index test, proliferation, transformation, and migration of mouse spleen lymphocytes. Alteration of NF-κB pathway was determined by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and PCR. …”
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Single dose of recombinant baculovirus vaccine expressing sigma B and sigma C genes provides good protection against novel duck reovirus challenge in ducks by Yufei Wang, Siyi Xu, Xia Chen, Yunlong Dou, Xingzhu Yang, Zenglei Hu, Shuang Wu, Xiaoquan Wang, Jiao Hu, Xiufan Liu

“…Protective efficacy results revealed that, compared with the whole virus inactivated vaccine, a single dose of 160 ng σB or σC protein showed advantages in inducing serum antibodies, elevating weight, alleviating liver and spleen injury, restraining viral shedding and viral replication in ducklings. …”
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