Efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: an animal study by Chunran Xue, Haojun Yu, Xuzhong Pei, Xiaoying Yao, Jie Ding, Xiying Wang, Yi Chen, Yangtai Guan

“…Results hUC-MSCs alleviated NMOSD progression in vivo with improved motor function, reduced inflammatory infiltration, myelin loss, and preservation of astrocytes and neurons. hUC-MSC treatment did not affect autoimmune reactions in the spleen, however, decreased cytokine release in the spinal cord and mitigated blood–brain barrier disruption. …”
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Stabilized β-Catenin Ameliorates ALPS-Like Symptoms of B6/lpr Mice by Xiaoxie Xu, Jun Huang, Mei Zhao, Huanpeng Chen, Jinhua Mo, Xiaoqing Zhou, Qiao Su, Bolan Yu, Zhaofeng Huang

“…Meanwhile, stabilized β-catenin obviously decreased the numbers of spleen TCRβ+CD4−CD8− T (DNT) cells, and the levels of some serum proinflammatory factors also were lowered in β-catTglpr/lpr mice. …”
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Evaluation of Hydatid Cyst Cases: A Single-center Retrospective Study by Suzan Şahin, Bülent Kaya

“…Single cases of brain, spinal cord, spleen, kidney, and bone involvement were observed. …”
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Identification of a new fish trypanosome from the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and description of its impact on host pathology, blood biochemical parameters and immun... by Yang Xiaoao, Qi Pengzhi, Tao Zhen, Zhang Qingwei, Wang Yanjie, Zhu Denghui, Yan Xiaojun, Fu Peipei, Guo Baoying

“…Trypanosome infection had no effect on the growth of L. crocea, but significantly increased the concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and induced pathological changes in the gills, liver, spleen and kidney. The pro-inflammatory immune genes, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, CXCL8 and iNOS, were significantly upregulated in the L. crocea infected with trypanosomes. …”
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Systematic Study of the Immune Components after Ischemic Stroke Using CyTOF Techniques by Yaning Li, Yan Wang, Yang Yao, Brian B. Griffiths, Liangshu Feng, Tao Tao, Feng Wang, Baohui Xu, Creed M. Stary, Heng Zhao

“…We detected these immune cells from the ischemic brain, peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow at different time courses after stroke. …”
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A new vaccination approach for Salmonellosis employing a multi-epitope vaccine based on live microbial cell factory from Lactococcus lactis by Reyhaneh Sadat Moosavi-Kohnehsari, Mahnaz Jafari-Sohi, Tohid Piri-Gharaghie, Shakiba Tolou-Shikhzadeh-Yazdi, Mona Aghassizadeh-Sherbaf, Romina Hosseinzadeh

“…Salmonella infection is a severe health and economic burden in the poultry industry, according to spleen sections from the L. lactis/pNZ8121-Multi epitope. …”
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Visceral Leishmaniasis Clinical Management in Endemic Districts of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh by Megha Raj Banjara, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Niyamat Ali Siddiqui, Narendra Kumar, Sangeeta Kansal, M. Mamun Huda, Pradeep Das, Suman Rijal, Chitra Kumar Gurung, Paritosh Malaviya, Byron Arana, Axel Kroeger, Dinesh Mondal

“…Fever measurement or spleen palpation was infrequently done in Bangladesh but improved after intervention (from 23% to 47%). …”
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Effects of Algal-Derived β-Glucan on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Aeromonas veronii Resistance of Ricefield Eel (Monopterus albus) by Yu Guo, Zijing Yuan, Yueyun Han, Daiqin Yang, Hanwen Yuan, Fuxian Zhang

“…Moreover, the addition of 0.05%–0.2% β-glucan significantly improved the relative survival rate (SR) of A. veronii-infected eels and significantly decreased the bacterial load of the liver, spleen, and kidney (p<0.05). In comparison to eels that did not receive β-glucan supplementation, eels supplemented with 0.2% β-glucan exhibited decreased intestinal structural damage. …”
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Dysregulation of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis and Mice with Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Fengfan Yang, Xing Luo, Wenxiao Zhu, Jia Li, Zhaohui Zheng, Ping Zhu

“…Multiplex immunofluorescence staining described the distribution of ILCs in spleen tissues. Our results indicate that dysregulation of ILCs occurs during the pathogenesis of RA and CIA.…”
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Comparative study of PCR test kits for ASFV DNA detection by M. S. Krasnikova, S. P. Yatsentyuk, M. B. Bryusova, A. D. Kozlova, М. А. Gergel

“…When the specificity was assessed, all the kits showed absence of non-specific reactions and acceptable sensitivity when testing various types of ASFV-containing material (blood, suspensions of pork spleen and pork casings used in sausage production). …”
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Effects of Splenectomy on Spontaneously Chronic Pancreatitis in aly/aly Mice by Heng-Xiao Wang, Shuang-Qin Yi, Jun Li, Hayato Terayama, Munekazu Naito, Shuichi Hirai, Ning Qu, Nozomi Yi, Masahiro Itoh

“…Mice with alymphoplasia (aly/aly) mutation characterized by a lack of lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and well-defined lymphoid follicles in the spleen were found. In this study, we used splenectomized aly/aly mice to elucidate the effects of secondary lymphoid organs in the development of aly/aly autoimmune pancreatitis. …”
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Combination of potassium oxonate with anti-PD-1 for the treatment of colorectal cancer by Yuanyuan Wang, Chenxi Hu, Tianpeng Du, Jiawen Li, Kaiyuan Hui, Xiaodong Jiang

“…We also tested the changes of TME through flow cytometry of spleen of mice in each group, as well as the IHC of cytokines.ResultsThe co-therapy of PO and anti-PD-1 showed admirable anti-tumor effect compared with the control group and the single drug groups. …”
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Ethanol-Induced Alterations of T Cells and Cytokines after Surgery in a Murine Infection Model by Nadine Lanzke, Mario Menk, Clarissa von Haefen, Lilit Sargsyan, Bianca Scharf, Klaus-Dieter Wernecke, Claudia D. Spies

“…T helper cell subpopulations and the released cytokines were assessed in lungs, spleens, and plasma. Key transcription factors of T cell differentiation were evaluated. …”
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The immunity-promoting activity of porcine placenta in mice as an immunomodulator for functional foods by Zhiwei Zhou, Dan Wang, Wei Liu, Lang He, Pengkuan Liang, Junli Hao, Qun Sun

“…Mice model experiment revealed that compared with the control, the PPH treatment significantly improved the spleen index (P < 0.05) by increasing the phagocytic rate of macrophages from 20 % to 60 % and the conversion rate of T lymphocytes from 8 % to 60 %. …”
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A retrospective Study on Intestinal Injury from Blunt Abdominal Trauma by Muralidharan Kannaian, Bhaskara Rao Bezawada, Vinod K, Subash Chandra Bose

“…The liver, small bowel, and spleen are the most frequently injured organs. …”
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Newborn Mice Vaccination with BCG.HIVA222 + MVA.HIVA Enhances HIV-1-Specific Immune Responses: Influence of Age and Immunization Routes by Narcís Saubi, Eung-Jun Im, Raquel Fernández-Lloris, Olga Gil, Pere-Joan Cardona, Josep Maria Gatell, Tomáš Hanke, Joan Joseph

“…The specific HIV-1 cellular immune responses were analyzed in spleen cells. The body weight of the newborn mice was weekly recorded. …”
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Atypical Presentation of Cat-Scratch Disease in an Immunocompetent Child with Serological and Pathological Evidence by Serkan Atıcı, Eda Kepenekli Kadayıfcı, Ayşe Karaaslan, Muhammed Hasan Toper, Cigdem Ataizi Celikel, Ahmet Soysal, Mustafa Bakır

“…An atypical presentation which includes liver and/or spleen lesions is rarely reported in an immunocompetent child. …”
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Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Studies on the Aqueous Extract of the Plant Mixture (Bidens pilosa and Cymbopogon citratus Aerial Parts) in Rat Model by Yannick Carlos Tcheutchoua, Danielle Claude Bilanda, Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena, Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet, Pascal Emmanuel Owona, Ronald Bidingha á Goufani, Rodrigue Ngapout Fifen, Lohik Mbolang Nguegan, Michel Noubom, Théophile Dimo, Pierre Kamtchouing

“…The study showed that the aqueous extract of the mixture of B. pilosa and C. citratus has a low toxicity and does not cause any injury to the liver, kidney, lungs, or spleen.…”
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Immunomodulatory effect of ethanol-soluble oligopeptides from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) by Zhen Yuan, Meilian Yang, Dongyang Zhu, Di Wu, Shuzhen Cheng, Chao Wu, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Ming Du

“…CP-ES could promote the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and T lymphocytes in mice, suggesting that CP-ES may regulate adaptive immunity. …”
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The Effect of IFN-γ, Alum and Complete Freund Adjuvant on TNP-KLH Induced Ig.G1, IgE and IgG2a Responses in Mice by R. van Ommen, A. E. C. M. Vredendaal, M. de Gooyer, A. van Oudenaren, H. F. J. Savelkoul

“…IFN-γ treatment resulted in an increased IL-6 and decreased IFN-γ production by spleen cells upon Con A stimulation, whereas it did not change the IL-4 production in similar conditions. …”
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