A novel open-source cultivation system helps establish the first full cycle chemosynthetic symbiosis model system involving the giant ciliate Zoothamnium niveum by P. E. Contarini, E. Emboule, P. Jean-Louis, T. Woyke, S. V. Date, O. Gros, J-M. Volland, J-M. Volland, J-M. Volland

“…Symbiotic interactions drive species evolution, with nutritional symbioses playing vital roles across ecosystems. …”
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The Exocyst Subunits EqSec5 and EqSec6 Promote Powdery Mildew Fungus Growth and Pathogenicity by Jinyao Yin, Xuehuan Zhu, Yalong Chen, Yanyang Lv, Jiaxin Shan, Yuhan Liu, Wenbo Liu, Weiguo Miao, Xiao Li

“…The silenced strains also induced the host defense response including reactive oxygen species accumulation and callose deposition. The silencing of <i>EqSec5</i> or <i>EqSec6</i> also inhibited the secretion of the effector protein EqIsc1, interrupting plant salicylic acid biosynthesis. …”
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Characteristics of Soil Active Carbon Fractions and Carbon Pool Stability in Major Forest Types in Northern Daxing’an Mountains by LIU Beibei, CAI Tijiu

“…[Conclusion] This study helps to improve the understanding of soil active carbon and organic carbon pools in cold temperate forests, artificially promoting secondary forest succession or introducing coniferous species as soon as possible is suggested to form mixed forests in the region, but the role played by broad-leaved forests in soil carbon pools should not be ignored in the context of increasing global warming.…”
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Alloplasmic recombinant lines (H. vulgare)-T. aestivum with 1RS.1BL translocation: initial genotypes for production of common wheat varieties by L. A. Pershina, L. I. Belova, N. V. Trubacheeva, T. S. Osadсhaya, V. K. Shumny, I. A. Belan, L. P. Rosseeva, V. V. Nemchenko, S. N. Abakumov

“…Alloplasmic lines are formed when the cytoplasm of one species is replaced by the cytoplasm of another as a result of repeated recurrent crosses of wide hybrids with the paternal genotype. …”
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Canine distemper outbreak and laryngeal paralysis in captive tigers (Panthera tigris) by Sarin Suwanpakdee, Anuwat Wiratsudakul, Nattarun Chaisilp, Luxsana Prasittichai, Anurux Skulpong, Patarapol Maneeorn, Benjaporn Bhusri, Chalisa Mongkolpan, Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Jarupa Taowan, Peerawat Wongluechai, Nlin Arya, Parin Suwannaprapha, Natharin Ngamwongsatit, Witthawat Wiriyarat, Nareerat Sangkachai

“…Abstract The canine distemper virus (CDV) could infect various wildlife species worldwide. The viral infection in large felids directly impacts wildlife conservation. …”
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Ammonifying and phosphorus-solubilizing function of Aliikangiella maris sp. nov. isolated from Phaeocystis globosa bloom and algal–bacterial interactions by Fei Li, Fei Li, Ming-Ben Xu, Liang-Hao Pan, Jie Li, Cai-Bi Lan, Zhe Li, Shan Lu, Jun-Xiang Lai, Jun-Xiang Lai, Peng-Fu Li

“…According to phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenomic, and comparative genomic analyses data, strains GXAS 306T and GXAS 311 were considered to represent a novel species of the genus Aliikangiella. Genomic analysis revealed that strain GXAS 306T had many potential functions favorable for interacting with algae, and further experimental evidence confirmed the ammonifying and phosphorus-solubilizing function. …”
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The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV by Qing Xiao, Fengting Yu, Liting Yan, Xiaojie Lao, Xuelei Liang, Hongxin Zhao, Liuyue Zhai, Zailin Yang, Xiaomei Zhang, Yao Liu, Fujie Zhang

“…However, the ELR group had a larger proportion of T cells with lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) abnormalities compared to the other groups. …”
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Transcriptomic, histological and biochemical analyses of Macrobrachium nipponense response to acute heat stress by Xiao Wu, Yaoran Fan, Jianbin Feng, Keyi Ma, Jiale Li

“…The oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense, is widely distributed in East Asian countries, and has been an important economical aquaculture species in China since 1990s. This prawn belongs to crustaceans, which is a kind of ectotherms and very sensitive to temperature changes due to their relatively low internal metabolic heat production and their high thermal conductivity. …”
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Effects of functional diversity on ecosystem services in cocoa agroforestry systems in Costa Rica by Cassio Pinheiro Edelstein, Marney E. Isaac, Marney E. Isaac, Luis Orozco-Aguilar, Felipe Peguero, Felipe Peguero, Diego Delgado-Rodríguez, Rolando H. Cerda

“…Through the multiple regression analysis, we found that AFS dominated by species with greater maximum potential height, greater leaf nitrogen concentration, lower leaf dry matter content, lower leaf mass per area, and lower leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio were associated with higher carbon storage (R2 = 0.84), soil fertility (R2 = 0.7 for soil nitrogen), and multiple ecosystem services (R2 = 0.78). …”
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Association between gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in children with obesity by Shihan Li, Xinyu Ma, Hong Mei, Xuening Chang, Peiling He, Lingli Sun, Han Xiao, Shiqiong Wang, Ruizhen Li

“…Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that the genus Oscillibacter and species Clostridium_sp._CAG:302 connect serum metabolites and the gut microbiota in childhood obesity. …”
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Association of breast milk microbiota and metabolites with neonatal jaundice by TianYu Liu, TianYu Liu, Yanhan Yuan, Jinying Wei, Jinying Wei, Jiayi Chen, Feng Zhang, Feng Zhang, Juanjuan Chen, Jinping Zhang

“…Our results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the species composition and diversity of the breast milk flora in the healthy control and jaundice groups. …”
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Exploring the Effects of <i>Gracilaria lemaneiformis</i> Polysaccharides on the Fecal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites of Fattening Pigs Based on 16S rDNA and Metabolome Sequencing by Mingyang Jia, Qiang Ma, Hongjun Wang, Xiangzhou Yan, Lei Wang, Baosong Xing, Qingxia Lu, Jing Wang

“…The diversity of the species and the fecal metabolites were analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolome sequencing, respectively. …”
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The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Is a Novel Gene Involved in Proper Physiological Functions of Pancreatic β-Cells by Shuhd Bin Eshaq, Jalal Taneera, Shabana Anjum, Abdul Khader Mohammed, Mohammad H. Semreen, Karem H. Alzoubi, Mohamed Eladl, Yasser Bustanji, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Waseem El-Huneidi

“…Silencing Ahr expression using siRNA in INS-1 cells decreased insulin secretion, insulin content, and glucose uptake efficiency, while cell viability, apoptosis rate, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production remained unaffected. Moreover, Ahr silencing led to the downregulation of major β-cell regulator genes, Ins1, Ins2, Pdx-1, and Glut2, at both the mRNA and protein levels. …”
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Therapeutic Potential of Combined 5% Lifitegrast and Tocopherol Eye Drops in Managing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Murine Dry Eye by Jayoung Moon, Enying Jiang, Jingting Liu, Hui Jin, Hee Su Yoon, Hoon-In Choi, Ji Suk Choi, Hong Qi, Hyeon-Jeong Yoon, Kyung Chul Yoon

“…Goblet cell density in the conjunctiva, CD4+ IFN-γ+ T cells, interleukin levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and corneal apoptotic cells were analyzed on day 14. …”
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Neuroprotective Efficacy of <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> in Ischemic Stroke: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms by Yongjae Hong, Geon Ko, Yeong-Jae Jeon, Hyeon-Man Baek, Juni Lee, Donghun Lee, Jieun Park, Jaehong Kim, Keun-A Chang

“…Post-OGD treatment with AM improved cell viability in mouse neuroblastoma cells, likely by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mice received short-term (0–2 days) or long-term (0–27 days) AM treatment post-stroke. …”
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Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of oleuropein in human keratinocytes characterized by bottom-up proteomics by Huifang Li, Ni Deng, Jiayi Yang, Yang Zhao, Xiaoxuan Jin, Ang Cai, Navindra P. Seeram, Hang Ma, Dongli Li, Huilan Yang, Chang Liu, Chang Liu

“…Additionally, biological evaluations revealed that oleuropein’s antioxidant effects were attributed to its mitigation of reactive oxygen species in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, a multiplexed gene assay identified IL-1β and thioredoxin-interacting proteins as potential molecular targets involved in oleuropein’s protective effects in HaCaT cells. …”
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Strawberry dietary intervention influences diversity and increases abundances of SCFA-producing bacteria in healthy elderly people by Franziska Meiners, Bernd Kreikemeyer, Patrick Newels, Ingmar Zude, Michael Walter, Alexander Hartmann, Daniel Palmer, Georg Fuellen, Israel Barrantes

“…Our findings suggest that a dietary intervention based on strawberries can positively alter the gut microbiota of healthy elderly people as seen in an enrichment of SCFA-producing genera, increased diversity, and a reduction in potentially pathogenic bacteria.IMPORTANCEAging is often associated with changes in the gut microbiome, including a decline in beneficial bacteria and an increase in potentially pathogenic species. Addressing these changes through lifestyle interventions is of significant interest. …”
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ROS-ERK Pathway as Dual Mediators of Cellular Injury and Autophagy-Associated Adaptive Response in Urinary Protein-Irritated Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Jian-kun Deng, Xueqin Zhang, Hong-luan Wu, Yu Gan, Ling Ye, Huijuan Zheng, Zebing Zhu, Wei Jing Liu, Hua-feng Liu

“…By using antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and catalase, we found that ERK pathway was activated by a reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) dependent mechanism after exposure to urinary proteins. …”
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Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Capacity to Alleviate Abiotic Stress of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Plants at Different Transplant Conditions by María Josefina Bompadre, Mariana Pérgola, Laura Fernández Bidondo, Roxana Paula Colombo, Vanesa Analía Silvani, Alejandro Guillermo Pardo, Juan Antonio Ocampo, Alicia Margarita Godeas

“…These conditions generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant tissues causing oxidation of proteins and lipids among others. …”
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Strain-specific effect of Streptococcus thermophilus consumption on host physiology by Peng Yu, Yang Jiang, Yuqi Pan, Min Guo, Bo Yang, Xiaoming Liu, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen

“…Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the most prevalent species in stool samples of westernized populations due to continuous exposure to fermented dairy products. …”
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