Retroviral and Lentiviral Vectors for the Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Inès Dufait, Therese Liechtenstein, Alessio Lanna, Christopher Bricogne, Roberta Laranga, Antonella Padella, Karine Breckpot, David Escors

“…Thus, three main approaches have been undertaken to induce immunological tolerance; delivery of potent immunosuppressive cytokines and other molecules, modification of intracellular signalling pathways in dendritic cells, and de-targeting transgene expression from dendritic cells using microRNA technology. …”
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PPAR Regulation of Inflammatory Signaling in CNS Diseases by John J. Bright, Saravanan Kanakasabai, Wanida Chearwae, Sharmistha Chakraborty

“…The activation of NF-𝜅B and Jak-Stat signaling pathways and secretion of inflammatory cytokines are critical in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases. …”
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Targeting Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Acute Myocardial Infarction by Clara Di Filippo, Francesco Rossi, Michele D'Amico

“…Particularly, it is reviewed here the possibility that inhibition of the activity of PMNs and inhibition of the signaling pathways related to their activity may result useful in AMI and may improve the prognosis of this pathology. …”
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Mapping chromatin remodelling in glioblastoma identifies epigenetic regulation of key molecular pathways and novel druggable targets by Claire Vinel, James Boot, Weiwei Jin, Nicola Pomella, Alexandra Hadaway, Charles Mein, Nicolae Radu Zabet, Silvia Marino

“…Conclusions We show epigenetic regulation of the expression of genes and related signalling pathways contributing to glioblastoma development. …”
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Melatonin and its physiological and therapeutic effects: A review by Stefanović Bojana V., Spasojević Nataša M., Ferizović Harisa N., Janković Milica D., Virijević Kristina M., Dronjak Slađana S.

“…By activating its receptors, it stimulates a wide range of signaling pathways. It has been proven that melatonin exerts neuroprotective and antidepressant like effects. …”
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Modulation of Toll-Like Receptor Activity by Leukocyte Ig-Like Receptors and Their Effects during Bacterial Infection by Louise E. Pilsbury, Rachel L. Allen, Martin Vordermeier

“…Here we describe the LILR family, their inhibitory effect on TLR activity in cells of the monocytic lineage, their signalling pathway, and their antimicrobial effects during bacterial infection. …”
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Anti-HMGB1 Monoclonal Antibody Ameliorates Immunosuppression after Peripheral Tissue Trauma: Attenuated T-Lymphocyte Response and Increased Splenic CD11b+Gr-1+ Myeloid-Derived Supp... by Xiangcai Ruan, Sophie S. Darwiche, Changchun Cai, Melanie J. Scott, Hans-Christoph Pape, Timothy R. Billiar

“…Our data suggest that HMGB1 released after tissue trauma contributes to signaling pathways that lead to attenuation of T-lymphocyte responses and enhancement of myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion.…”
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Molecular Bases of Diabetes Mellitus and its Relationship with non-enzymatic Glycosylation and Oxidative Stress by Dayamí García Torres, María de Jesús Sánchez Bouza, Pedro Javier Sánchez Sánchez, Pedro Sánchez Frenes, Laura Naranjo Hernández

“…When insulin binds to its receptor, it triggers multiple molecular signaling pathways, which mediate its biological actions. …”
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FDA-approved kinase inhibitors: a promising therapeutic avenue for traumatic brain injury by Dezhu Gao, Yu Shi, Zhiliang Wang, Weiming Liu

“…TBI disrupts the normal activity of kinases and molecular signaling pathways, but the effective therapeutic methods for patients remain limited. …”
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TIRAP, TRAM, and Toll-Like Receptors: The Untold Story by Valérie Lannoy, Anthony Côté-Biron, Claude Asselin, Nathalie Rivard

“…TLRs mediate their cellular functions through the activation of MyD88-dependent or MyD88-independent signaling pathways. Myd88, or myeloid differentiation primary response 88, is a cytosolic adaptor protein essential for the induction of proinflammatory cytokines by all TLRs except TLR3. …”
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Current understanding of immune-like responses in worms by Abdul Qadeer, Guofeng Cheng

“…Next, we reviewed the diversity of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), immune effectors, and signaling pathways in invertebrates to gain insights into their roles in pathogen resistance and long-lasting inducible protection. …”
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Mannan-Binding Lectin Suppresses Peptidoglycan-Induced TLR2 Activation and Inflammatory Responses by Fanping Wang, Yanhua Li, Can Yang, Yonghui Mu, Yan Wang, Wei Zhang, Yonghui Yang, Chen Chen, Shijun Song, Zhifa Shen, Wenjun Wang, Junpeng Li, Jingjing Zhai, Kang Guo, Ruili Sun, Lili Yu, Mingyong Wang

“…All these data suggest that MBL could downregulate inflammation by modulating PGN/TLR2 signaling pathways. This study supports an important role for MBL in immune regulation and signaling pathways involved in inflammatory responses.…”
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Integrated analyses uncover new features of atypical memory B cells and novel targets for intervention by Fuli Fan, Shubei Liu, Bin Wang, Xiaojian Song, Wei Wang

“…This study aimed to characterize transcriptomic features, immune phenotypes and potential signaling pathways of AMB, and also to confirm its alternations in systemic rheumatic diseases via combined transcriptome analyses. …”
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Nanostructured lipid carriers based mRNA vaccine leads to a T cell–inflamed tumour microenvironment favourable for improving PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy and long-term immunity in a... by Carole Fournier, Marion Mercey-Ressejac, Valentin Derangère, Amal Al Kadi, David Rageot, Christine Charrat, Alexis Leroy, Julien Vollaire, Véronique Josserand, Marie Escudé, Séverine Escaich, François Ghiringhelli, Thomas Decaens, Fabrice P. Navarro, Evelyne Jouvin-Marche, Patrice N. Marche

“…Findings: Our vaccine activates DCs in vitro through the TLR4/8 and ROS signalling pathways and induces specific T cell activation while exhibits significant preventive and therapeutic antitumour efficacy in vivo. …”
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Deciphering the role of metal ion transport-related genes in T2D pathogenesis and immune cell infiltration via scRNA-seq and machine learning by Zuhui Pu, Zuhui Pu, Tony Bowei Wang, Ying Lu, Ying Lu, Zijing Wu, Zijing Wu, Yuxian Chen, Ziqi Luo, Xinyu Wang, Lisha Mou, Lisha Mou

“…Additionally, we performed a detailed cell-cell communication analysis to identify significant signaling pathways in T2D.ResultsOur analysis identified 1953 DEGs between T2D and ND patients, with the Stepglm[backward] plus GBM model demonstrating high predictive accuracy and identifying 13 hub RMITRGs. …”
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CircRNA profiling reveals the regulatory role of circPAN3 in Hezuo boars Sertoli cell growth by Haixia Shi, Zunqiang Yan, Hong Du, Bo Zhang, Shuangbao Gun

“…KEGG pathway analysis further revealed that these genes were enriched mainly in signaling pathways involved in testicular development and spermatogenesis, including the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. …”
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Physiological and transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of Gymnocarpos przewalskii response to drought stress by Chao Du, Xinyu Ni, Mengjiao Yan, Qinghan Meng, Junying He

“…There were 2,134 and 1,739 DEGs enriched in 47 GO secondary categories and 129 KEGG pathways, respectively. 2 up-regulated DEGs were annotated to P5CS, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of proline. 32 DEGs were annotated to various antioxidases and antioxidants. 81 DEGs were annotated to 8 plant hormone signaling pathways, in which the auxin and ABA signaling pathways exhibited dominant enrichment. 150 DEGs were annotated to 35 transcription factor families with the abundant enrichment of TF families containing WRKY, bZIP, ERF, bHLH, MYB, and NAC. …”
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IQGAP Family Members in Yeast, Dictyostelium, and Mammalian Cells by Katie B. Shannon

“…Mammalian IQGAPs also act as scaffolds for signaling pathways. IQGAPs perform their myriad functions through association with a large number of proteins including filamentous actin (F-actin), GTPases, calcium-binding proteins, microtubule binding proteins, kinases, and receptors. …”
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Oxidative Stress, Tumor Microenvironment, and Metabolic Reprogramming: A Diabolic Liaison by Tania Fiaschi, Paola Chiarugi

“…Oxidants influence the DNA mutational potential, intracellular signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation and survival and cell motility and invasiveness as well as control the reactivity of stromal components that is fundamental for cancer development and dissemination, inflammation, tissue repair, and de novo angiogenesis. …”
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SOX9: a key transcriptional regulator in organ fibrosis by Yishuo Li, Yue Xing, Ning Liu, Bin Liu, Zhihui Wang

“…Many disorders are associated with the process of fibrosis; moreover, fibrosis is a common symptom of chronic inflammatory diseases, characterized by the accumulation of excessive components in the extracellular matrix through different signaling pathways. The advanced stage of the fibrotic process leads to organ dysfunction and, ultimately, death. …”
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