Antimicrobial Properties of α-MSH and Related Synthetic Melanocortins by A. Catania, G. Colombo, C. Rossi, A. Carlin, A. Sordi, C. Lonati, F. Turcatti, P. Leonardi, P. Grieco, S. Gatti

“…The cAMP-inducing capacity of α-MSH likely interferes with the yeast's own regulatory mechanisms of this essential signaling pathway. It is remarkable that this mechanism of action in yeast mimics the influences of α-MSH in mammalian cells in which the peptide binds to G-protein-linked melanocortin receptors, activates adenylyl cyclase, and increases cAMP. …”
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Elucidating the expression and role of cGAS in pan-cancer using integrated bioinformatics and experimental approaches by Zhen Lian, Xue Liu, Xue Li

“…Lastly, in vitro study showed knockdown of cGAS expression inhibits the DNA damage repair signaling pathway and interferon signaling in NSCLC. In conclusions, cGAS is wildly activated in human cancers, which might participate in regulating cancer immunity and DNA damage repair. cGAS could be used as an effective target for cancer treatment and might be a potential predictive immune marker.…”
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Heme Oxygenase-1-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Normothermic Machine Perfusion Repairs Bile Duct Injury in a Rat Model of DCD Liver Transplantation via A... by Xuan Tian, Huan Cao, Longlong Wu, Weiping Zheng, Mengshu Yuan, Xiang Li, Hongli Song, Zhongyang Shen

“…In conclusion, HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP were relevant to the activation of biliary progenitor cells in PBGs which repaired bile duct injury in DCD liver transplantation via the Wnt signaling pathway. Proliferation and differentiation of PBG cells were involved in the renewal of the injured biliary epithelium.…”
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Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Deliver miR-21 to Promote Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing through PTEN/PI3K/Akt Pathway by Xiaolong Liu, Xuran Li, Guangyuan Wu, Pengfei Qi, Yanyan Zhang, Zhiyu Liu, Xinyue Li, Yu Yu, Xiangmei Ye, Yang Li, Dongguang Yang, Yueqiu Teng, Ce Shi, Xin Jin, Sen Qi, Yuting Liu, Shudan Wang, Ying Liu, Fenglin Cao, Qingran Kong, Zhenkun Wang, Hong Zhang

“…Results also show that the benefits are associated with decreased PTEN level and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HCECs. Conclusion. HUMSC-sEVs could enhance the recovery of corneal epithelial wounds though restraining PTEN by transferring miR-21 and may represent a promising novel therapeutic agent for corneal wound repair.…”
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Osteoblast‐Derived ECM1 Promotes Anti‐Androgen Resistance in Bone Metastatic Prostate Cancer by Xinwen Wang, Min Wang, Qijun Lin, Lixin He, Baolin Zhang, Xin Chen, Guanhong Chen, Hong Du, Chuandong Lang, Xinsheng Peng, Yuhu Dai

“…This event further recruits adapter proteins including growth factor receptor‐bound protein 2 (GRB2) and son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), which activates the downstream mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to induce anti‐androgen resistance. Furthermore, inhibiting ECM1 or utilizing the ENO1‐targeting inhibitor phosphonoacetohydroxamate (PhAH) significantly restores tumor cell sensitivity to ENZ. …”
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BMSC-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Pyroptosis of Cartilage via Delivering miR-326 Targeting HDAC3 and STAT1//NF-κB p65 to Chondrocytes by Honggang Xu, Bin Xu

“…Animal experiments confirmed the mechanism by which miR-326 delivered by BMSC-Exos inhibits pyroptosis of cartilage by targeting HDAC3 and STAT1/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. Conclusion. BMSC-Exos can deliver miR-326 to chondrocytes and cartilage and improve OA by targeting HDAC3 and STAT1//NF-κB p65 to inhibit pyroptosis of chondrocytes and cartilage. …”
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Identification of a Ferroptosis-Related Signature Associated with Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Adrenocortical Carcinoma by Xi Chen, Lijun Yan, Feng Jiang, Yu Lu, Ni Zeng, Shufang Yang, Xianghua Ma

“…GSEA revealed that gene sets correlated with biological processes including cell cycle, DNA replication, base excision repair, and P53 signaling pathway were highly enriched in high-risk group. …”
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Role of Sex Hormones in the Development and Progression of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Maurizio Montella, Giovanni D’Arena, Anna Crispo, Mario Capunzo, Flavia Nocerino, Maria Grimaldi, Antonio Barbieri, Anna Maria D’Ursi, Mario Felice Tecce, Alfonso Amore, Massimiliano Galdiero, Gennaro Ciliberto, Aldo Giudice

“…While androgen is supposed to stimulate the androgen signaling pathway and cooperate to the increased transcription and replication of HBV genes, estrogen may play a protecting role against the progression of HBV infections and in the development of HBV-related HCC through decreasing HBV RNA transcription and inflammatory cytokines levels. …”
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Effects of sika deer antler protein on immune regulation and intestinal microbiota in mice by Kaiyue Liu, Ke Zhang, Yang Yang, Ying Zong, Zhongmei He, Weijia Chen, Jianming Li, Rui Du

“…The results showed that SDAP could regulate the secretion of associated factors and the expression of genes and proteins of NF-κB-related signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide and kidney yang deficiency mice. …”
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SDF-1/CXCR4 Signaling Maintains Stemness Signature in Mouse Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells by Shih-Yin Ho, Thai-Yen Ling, Hsing-Yu Lin, Jeffrey Tsai-Jui Liou, Fei-Chih Liu, I-Chun Chen, Sue-Wei Lee, Yu Hsu, Dar-Ming Lai, Horng-Huei Liou

“…Our results support that the loss of functional SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in NSCs/NPCs induces exit of cell cycle and promotes premature neural differentiation.…”
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Integrative analysis of 5-methylcytosine associated signature in papillary thyroid cancer by Ying Ding, Xinying Li, Wenlong Wang, Lei Cai

“…Additionally, we validate the downregulation of PPP1R12A-AS1 promotes proliferation and metastasis by activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Our research confirms that m5C-lncRNAs not only contribute to evaluating the prognosis of patients with PTC but also help predict immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response.…”
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Inhalation of patchouli essential oil alleviates airway inflammation in cigarette smoke-induced COPD mice by Yan Zhang, Rui Cao, Duo Wang, Qiulin Yue, Le Su, Kunlun Li, Baojun Li, Lin Zhao, Song Zhang

“…Additionally, PEO treatment significantly countered cigarette smoke-induced COPD via the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice; Our result has shown that inhalation of PEO can substantially alleviate the increase in inflammatory factors, mitigate lung function impairment, and reduce airway remodeling in cigarette smoke-induced COPD mice.…”
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Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Monocyte-Endothelial Adherence via Inhibiting Connexin43 on Vascular Endothelial Cells by Yunfei Chai, Runying Yu, Yong Liu, Sheng Wang, Dongdong Yuan, Jimei Chen

“…Therefore, we conclude that dexmedetomidine attenuates U937-HUVEC adhesion via inhibiting Cx43 on HUVECs modulating the activation of MAPK signaling pathways.…”
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Bufalin targets the SRC-3/c-Myc pathway in chemoresistant cells to regulate metastasis induced by chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by Jinbao Chen, Chenqi Wu, Kun Yu, Jinpei Liu, Jiahua Yang, Wei Li, Xiaoxia Tang, Yihai Shi, Ke Xu, Yi Chen, Xiaoyu Qin

“…Conclusion Bufalin can target the SRC-3/c-Myc signaling pathway to affect the prometastatic effect of chemoresistant cells, suggesting that bufalin may be used as a new adjuvant antimetastatic therapy for colorectal cancer.…”
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The transcriptional response of cortical neurons to concussion reveals divergent fates after injury by Mor R. Alkaslasi, Eliza Y. H. Lloyd, Austin S. Gable, Hanna Silberberg, Hector E. Yarur, Valerie S. Tsai, Mira Sohn, Gennady Margolin, Hugo A. Tejeda, Claire E. Le Pichon

“…This work provides a rationale for targeting the DLK signaling pathway as a therapeutic intervention for traumatic brain injury. …”
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Analysis of the lncRNA-Associated Competing Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Network for Tendinopathy by Bing-Zhe Huang, Yang Jing-Jing, Xiao-Ming Dong, null Zhuan Zhong, null Xiao-Ning Liu

“…Genes in MCODE 2 (such as TPM4) were significantly involved in cardiomyopathy, and genes in MCODE 4 (such as COL4A3 and COL4A4) were involved in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The ceRNA network contained 7 lncRNAs (MIR133A1HG, LINC01405, PRKCQ-AS1, C10orf71-AS1, MBNL1-AS1, HOTAIRM1, and DNM3OS), 63 mRNAs, and 41 miRNAs. …”
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Salinity affects the lipid metabolism and intestinal microbial composition of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus by Meimei Liu, Tong Li, Hao Zhang, Zi Wang, Xugan Wu, Jie He, Zhiguo Dong

“…Bacterial functional pathway prediction has also shown that the KEGG pathways involved in ovarian steroidogenesis, NF-kappa B signaling pathway and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes increased in 28 ‰ group compared with 19 ‰ group. …”
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Differential expressed genes (DEGs) and differential alternative splicing genes (DASs) revealed the common pathologic mechanism of three bacterial pathogens to American eels (Angui... by Zihao Chen, Guanghua Sun, Songlin Guo

“…These DASs predominantly enriched in five GO terms associated with “RNA processing” and “binding”, and they were also significantly associated with two KEGG pathways of “Spliceosome” and “NOD-like receptor signaling pathway”. Finally, the analysis of protein-protein interactions identified 72 out of 332 common DASs. …”
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S100A8/A9 Molecular Complexes Promote Cancer Migration and Invasion via the p38 MAPK Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Ning Xu, Bei-Bei Zhang, Xia-Ning Huang, Xiang Yi, Xue-Min Yan, Yan Cai, Qin He, Zi-Jian Han, Yuan-Jiao Huang, Wei Liu, Ai-Jun Jiao

“…Taken together, our present findings suggest that the secreted soluble inflammatory factors S100A8/A9 might promote cancer migration and invasion via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway along with invasion/migration associated proteins overexpression in the tumor microenvironment of NPC. …”
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effect of Oroxylum indicum on hepatocellular carcinoma via the P53 and VEGF pathways based on microfluidic chips by Xi Luo, Miao Zhao, Sicong Liu, Yi Zheng, Qiang Zhang, Yong-rui Bao, Shuai Wang, Tian-jiao Li, Xian-sheng Meng

“…To further explore the mechanism of its anti-liver cancer action, the relevant signaling pathways were studied by microfluidic chips, RT‒qPCR and immunofluorescence techniques. …”
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