Enhanced Proliferation of Porcine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Extracellular Calcium is Associated with the Activation of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor and ERK Signaling Pathway by Jingjing Ye, Wei Ai, Fenglin Zhang, Xiaotong Zhu, Gang Shu, Lina Wang, Ping Gao, Qianyun Xi, YongLiang Zhang, Qingyan Jiang, Songbo Wang

“…Moreover, Ca2+o-induced promotion of pBMSCs proliferation, the changes of proliferative genes expression levels, and the activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway were effectively blocked by U0126, a selective ERK kinase inhibitor. …”
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Low-Dose Mitomycin C Decreases the Postoperative Recurrence Rate of Pterygium by Perturbing NLRP3 Inflammatory Signalling Pathway and Suppressing the Expression of Inflammatory Factors by Qie Guo, Xiao Li, Meng-Na Cui, Yu Liang, Xiang-Peng Li, Jun Zhao, Li-Na Wei, Xiao-Lei Zhang, Xiang Hua Quan

“…Further results indicated that MMC can inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory signalling pathway and thus downregulate the expression of downstream molecules, including IL-18 and IL-1β. …”
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Exosomes Promote Malignant Phenotype of Polyploid Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells through AMPK Signaling Pathway by Lili Wang, Mingyue Ouyang, Sining Xing, Song Zhao, Shuo Liu, Lingyan Sun, Huiying Yu

“…These results revealed that MSCs and MSC-exosomes promoted malignant phenotype of polyploid NSCLC cells through the AMPK signaling pathway.…”
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Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy by Gao Y, Li L, Zhao F, Cheng Y, Jin M, Xue FS

“…Furthermore, the effects of esketamine were enhanced by addition of autophagy inducer rapamycin.Conclusion: Esketamine at a clinical dose attenuates cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting AKT signaling pathway to facilitate microglial M2 polarization and autophagy. …”
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CTSG is a prognostic marker involved in immune infiltration and inhibits tumor progression though the MAPK signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer by Qian Dai, Xufeng Yao, Yanke Zhang, Qian Chai, Xueyi Feng, Hongbin Zhu, Lei Zhao

“…Transcriptome sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the signaling pathways regulated by CTSG. Western blotting and qPCR were utilized to assess the influence of CTSG on the MAPK and EMT signaling pathways. …”
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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Migratory Effects of Morin on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis via Inhibition of NLRP3/MAPK Signaling Pathway by Punnida Arjsri, Kamonwan Srisawad, Sonthaya Umsumarng, Pilaiporn Thippraphan, Songyot Anuchapreeda, Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul

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Effect of Orexin-A on Cortisol Secretion in H295R Cells via p70S6K/4EBP1 Signaling Pathway by Xiaocen Chang, Yuyan Zhao, Lei Guo

“…The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of orexin-A on cortisol secretion via the protein 70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase-1 (p70S6K) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding proteins (4EBP1) signaling pathway in adrenocortical cells. We reported the first evidence that orexin-A stimulated p70S6K and 4EBP1 in human H295R adrenocortical cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. 10−6 M orexin-A treatment for 1 hour was the most potent. …”
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Fucofuroeckol-A from Eisenia bicyclis Inhibits Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Macrophages via Downregulation of the MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Sang-Hoon Lee, Sung-Hwan Eom, Na-Young Yoon, Moon-Moo Kim, Yong-Xin Li, Sang Keun Ha, Se-Kwon Kim

“…These results strongly suggest that the inhibitory effects of fucofuroeckol-A from E. bicyclis on LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production might be due to the suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway.…”
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Retracted: The Expression of miR-34a in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Chronic Periodontitis and Its Connection with the TLR/NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Banxia Xiexin Decoction Ameliorates t-BHP-Induced Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta Cells by Activating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Signaling Pathway by Li-juan Du, Bing Pang, Yu-meng Tan, Ya-nan Yang, Mei-zhen Zhang, Qing Pang, Min Sun, Qing Ni

“…The expression of PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway-related signal molecules, and that of apoptotic indicators Bax, P27, and Caspase-3, was quantified using western blotting. …”
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Augmenter of Liver Regeneration (ALR) Protects Kidney from Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Injury via Regulation of TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathway by Ying Li, Yanying Xiong, Huihui Li, Yan Luo, Ling Zhang, Qin Zhang, Weijian Xiong, Haitao Tu

“…Taken together, rhALR could regulate the TLR4 signaling pathway to relieve inflammatory response, thereby protecting renal I/R injury, indicating that ALR is likely to be introduced to develop novel immune therapies for renal I/R injury.…”
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Molecular pathogenesis of Cryptosporidium and advancements in therapeutic interventions by Lu Yilong, Zhang Xiaoning, Guan Zhiyu, Ji Rui, Peng Fujun, Zhao Chunzhen, Gao Wei, Gao Feng

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Forest demographic changes across Texas associated with hot drought by Shakirudeen Lawal, Frank H. Koch, Robert M. Scheller, Jennifer Costanza

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Dual Inhibition of Activin/Nodal/TGF-β and BMP Signaling Pathways by SB431542 and Dorsomorphin Induces Neuronal Differentiation of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells by Vedavathi Madhu, Abhijit S. Dighe, Quanjun Cui, D. Nicole Deal

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Islet Transplantation Reverses Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy or Induced by High Glucose via Inhibiting RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Chongchu Huang, Yi Zhou, Hongjian Huang, Yushu Zheng, Lijun Kong, Hewei Zhang, Yan Zhang, Hongwei Wang, Mei Yang, Xiaona Xu, Bicheng Chen

“…Objective. Abnormal signaling pathways play a crucial role in the mechanisms of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy. …”
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IL-34 aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by upregulating the HMGB1-IL-17A-IL-6 axis through the JAK signaling pathway. by Ruisong Ma, Xiaochun Hu, Wenwen Fu, Xiaorong Hu

“…Therefore, blocking the JAK signaling pathway or inhibiting IL-34 expression might provide a new idea to reduce MI/R injury, but further researches are needed.…”
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Butyric acid alleviates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK2/MLCK signaling pathway in Caco2 cells. by Luqiong Liu, Tong Chen, Zhenrong Xie, Yongjin Zhang, Chenglu He, Yongkun Huang

“…Given that the Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2)/Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signaling pathway is crucial for maintaining the permeability of the intestinal epithelium, we further investigated whether BA exerts a protective effect on epithelial barrier function by inhibiting this pathway in LPS-induced Caco2 cells. …”
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Pien Tze Huang Attenuates Neuro-inflammatory Injury in BV2 Microglial Cells Induced by Lipopolysaccharide via Inhibition of TLR4/MAPK Signaling Pathway by Zhenwei HUANG, Qing ZHANG, Lili HUANG, Xiaoqin ZHANG, Mingqing HUANG

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Honokiol Provides Cardioprotection from Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (MI/RI) by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway by Linhua Lv, Qiuhuan Kong, Zhiying Li, Ying Zhang, Bijiao Chen, Lihua Lv, Yubi Zhang

“…Honokiol can reduce the MI/RI-induced cTnT and CK-MB levels, apoptosis index, and mitochondrial swelling in cardiomyocytes via activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion. Honokiol provides cardiac protection from MI/RI by suppressing mitochondrial apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.…”
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N‐butylphthalide (NBP) ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion‐induced skeletal muscle injury in male mice via activating Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway by Peng Lu, Wei‐Peng Li, Ben‐Jun Zhou, Wen‐Ze Tian, Xiang Lu, Wei Gao

“…Taken together, our results suggest that NBP may alleviated I/R‐induced skeletal muscle injury by activating Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.…”
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