The Comparison and Correlation of Serum Levels of Insulin and Na+/ K+ Atpase In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) And Non-Diabetes Mellitus Individuals by Karar Kazem Mohammed, Ahmed Ghazi Sabbar, Haider Hafid Hmeash

“…Diabetes mellitus can cause damage to multiple organ systems, leading to the development of severe and life-threatening health issues, due to decreased insulin secretion, resistance to peripheral insulin effects, or both. …”
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Connexin-Based Therapeutics and Tissue Engineering Approaches to the Amelioration of Chronic Pancreatitis and Type I Diabetes: Construction and Characterization of a Novel Prevascu... by J. Matthew Rhett, Hongjun Wang, Heather Bainbridge, Lili Song, Michael J. Yost

“…Glucose stimulated islet-containing constructs displayed reduced insulin secretion compared to islets alone. However, labeling for insulin post-glucose stimulation revealed that the constructs expressed abundant levels of insulin. …”
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The association between melatonin hormone and reproductive hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome: A case–control study by Ban Jabir Edan, Zahid Mohammed-Ali Kadhim

“…It is related to androgen disturbance, obesity, and irregular menstrual cycle. Pineal gland secretes melatonin hormone, which is involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm. …”
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Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion Is Related with the Function of Dendritic Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Chunjing Lin, Hai Zou, Shumin Wang

“…DC from patients in immune tolerance showed a remarkably lower surface expression of CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR and exhibited an impaired stimulatory capacity in MLR and reduced secretion of IL-12, as compared to the patients in inactive HBsAg carrier state. …”
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Cellular Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Bamboo Sasa albomarginata Leaf Extract and Its Constituent Coumaric Acid Methyl Ester by Shiori Kojima, Masatoshi Hakamata, Toshimichi Asanuma, Rie Suzuki, Jun-ichi Tsuruda, Takeshi Nonoyama, Yinzhi Lin, Hitomi Fukatsu, Naoki Koide, Kazuo Umezawa

“…To elucidate the mechanism of in vivo activity, we have studied the cellular anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the extract and its constituents. Methods. Secretion of mouse and human IL-6 was measured by ELISA. …”
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Posttranscriptional Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Inflammatory Responses by Macrophages in Middle-Aged Mice: A Possible Role for Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α by Ken Shirato, Kazuhiko Imaizumi

“…Although LPS-stimulated secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by the macrophages from middle-aged mice was significantly lower than that from young mice, LPS caused marked increases in levels of TNF-α mRNA in macrophages from middle-aged as well as young mice. …”
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Evaluation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Cytotoxicity of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Hiroyuki Kamao, Atsushi Miki, Junichi Kiryu

“…RPE function was evaluated by measuring the secretion of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and RPE-specific gene expression. …”
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2′-Fucosyllactose as a prebiotic modulates the probiotic responses of Bifidobacterium bifidum by Jingfang Du, Hong Yang

“…The growth inhibition of 2′-FL on the Cronobacter strains was mediated by promoting the secretion of antibacterial substances from B. bifidum. …”
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Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in cell-laden culture of self-assembling peptide hydrogels by Faye Fouladgar, Robert Powell, Vishalakshi Irukuvarjula, Akhila Joy, Xiao Li, Neda Habibi

“…Our results demonstrate that the Fmoc-FF 3D cultures significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by increased calcium deposition, elevated phosphatase activity, and the secretion of osteocalcin. We propose that the peptides provide integrin-binding sites that activate a cytoplasmic feedback loop essential for differentiation. …”
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Investigation of some anaerobic bacteria in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients and healthy people in Tehran, Iran by Homa Hamayeli, Ahya Abdi-Ali, Bahareh Attaran, Morvarid Shafiei, Mohammadreza Modaresi

“…Background: In Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients, increased mucus secretion and accumulation due to genetic defect leads to decreased oxygen levels and colonization of anaerobic bacteria. …”
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Metabolic rate and insulin-independent glucose uptake increase in a TDP-43Q331K mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Tanya S. McDonald, Cedric S. Cui, Titaya Lerskiatiphanich, Jianina Marallag, John D. Lee

“…At the later stages of disease, heightened glucose uptake was observed despite unchanged insulin secretion or tolerance, indicating mechanisms independent of insulin. …”
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High Doses of Caffeine during the Peripubertal Period in the Rat Impair the Growth and Function of the Testis by Minji Park, Yuri Choi, Hyeonhae Choi, Ju-Yearn Yim, Jaesook Roh

“…Our results demonstrate that peripubertal caffeine consumption can interfere with the maturation and function of the testis, possibly by interrupting endogenous testosterone secretion and reducing the sensitivity of Leydig cells to gonadotrophic stimulation. …”
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Diabetes Mellitus in Outpatients in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia by Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold, Wendwesen Dibekulu Tsega, Bayu Yihun Wale

“…Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Most people with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries and these will experience the greatest increase in cases of diabetes over the next 22 years. …”
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Callicarpa nudiflora Extract on H. Pylori-Infected GES-1 Cells through the Inhibition of ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Signaling Axis by Lili Li, Bo Bao, Xingxing Chai, Xiaoyu Chen, Xiaohua Su, Shixiu Feng, Xiaohui Zhu

“…CN can also inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. …”
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Association of Glycemic Indices (Hyperglycemia, Glucose Variability, and Hypoglycemia) with Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Complications by Eleftheria Papachristoforou, Vaia Lambadiari, Eirini Maratou, Konstantinos Makrilakis

“…In particular, hyperglycemia promotes the creation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), and the hyperactivity of hexosamine and sorbitol pathways, leading to the development of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and endothelial dysfunction, by inducing excessive ROS production and OS. …”
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Effect of Different Nutritional Materials on Laccase Activity and Biomass Accumulation of the Auricularia cornea var. Li Strain by Xue Xiong, Peng Li, Zhun Xiang, Yao-Wei He, Xuan Zheng, Zhong-Xuan Liu

“…Li and identified culture substances that were beneficial for laccase secretion during different growth stages of the mushroom. …”
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Innovation of kwetiau with red rice and red bean flour: evaluation of nutritional value and potential fiber source for patients with diabetes mellitus by Mulus Gumilar, Gurid Pramintarto Eko Mulyo, Dila Evianda, Roro Nur Fauziyah

“… Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and metabolic dysfunctions in carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, primarily due to impaired insulin action and/or secretion. Dietary fiber can help delay carbohydrates conversion to glucose, slow the rise in blood sugar, and aid in blood sugar regulation. …”
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Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital by Jitendra Singh, Arpita Shah, Hemali Parmar, Bithika Duttaroy

“…A total of 1943 respiratory samples (1709 sputum, 211 ET secretions and 23 BAL) were received during the study period. 669 sputum samples (39.14%), 102 ET secretion (48.34%) and 2 BAL fluid (8.69%) were positive for bacterial isolates. …”
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Proteomic Analysis of Saliva Identifies Potential Biomarkers for Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Mohd Faiz Ellias, Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin, Saiful Anuar Karsani, Mariati Abdul Rahman, Shahidan Senafi, Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab

“…These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva. …”
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Preferential Th1 Cytokine Profile of Phosphoantigen-Stimulated Human Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells by Margaret R. Dunne, Bozgana A. Mangan, Laura Madrigal-Estebas, Derek G. Doherty

“…Addition of IL-2 or IL-15 caused expansion of IFN-γ-producing Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, but did not enhance IFN-γ secretion after 24–72 hours. Thus, phosphoantigen-stimulated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have potential as Th1-biasing adjuvants for immunotherapy.…”
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