Histogenesis of the Oesophagus of Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) at Prehatch and Posthatch by Innocent Jonah Gosomji, Sulaiman Olawoye Salami, James Oliver Nzalak, Muhammed Umar Kawu, Emmanuel Vandi Tizhe, Yilzem George Gurumyen, Edward Christopher Dung

“…This study therefore concludes that the primordial oesophagus is active at the late incubation due to mucin secretion by mucous glands but fully functional at posthatch since the tunica muscularis is completely developed at posthatch.…”
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EZH2 serves as a viable therapeutic target for myeloma-induced osteolytic bone destruction by Rui Liu, Zongwei Li, Rui Chen, Zhihong Fang, Zhiqiang Liu, Huan Liu

“…EMP1 silencing leads to increased myeloma cell proliferation and the concomitant secretion of osteolytic cytokines that contribute to bone destruction. …”
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Rheumatoid arthritis associated cytokines and therapeutics modulate immune checkpoint receptor expression on T cells by Dana Emerson, Eve Merriman, Pia P. Yachi

“…In addition to IR expression, we measured the impact on cytokine secretion profiles.ResultsRA-associated cytokines modulated IR expression, suggesting a role for these cytokines in regulation of disease pathology. …”
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Boehmeria nivea Attenuates the Development of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Colitis by Eun Ju Shin, Mi Jeong Sung, Hye Jeong Yang, Myung Sunny Kim, Jin-Taek Hwang

“…In addition, EBN decreased the DSS-induced secretion of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). …”
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Physalin B Suppresses Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 Cells by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling by Yanjun Yang, Lang Yi, Qing Wang, Bingbing Xie, Congwei Sha, Yan Dong

“…Physalin B effects on RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were observed in this study. The expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by LPS were significantly inhibited by physalin B. …”
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Comparison of transcriptomic profiles between intracellular and extracellular Bartonella henselae by Shiva Kumar Goud Gadila, John R. Caskey, Edward B. Breitschwerdt, Ricardo G. Maggi, Monica E. Embers

“…Overall, specific genes involved in invasion, virulence, extracellular adhesion of type 4 secretion system were downregulated following intracellular invasion of B. henselae. …”
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Caroli's Disease: Current Knowledge of Its Biliary Pathogenesis Obtained from an Orthologous Rat Model by Yasunori Sato, Xiang Shan Ren, Yasuni Nakanuma

“…Ciliopathies involving PCK cholangiocytes (cholangiociliopathies) appear to be associated with decreased intracellular calcium levels and increased cAMP concentrations, causing cholangiocyte hyperproliferation, abnormal cell matrix interactions, and altered fluid secretion, which ultimately result in bile duct dilatation. …”
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Construction of a Library of Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids by Olga G. Mountanea, Charikleia S. Batsika, Christiana Mantzourani, Christoforos G. Kokotos, George Kokotos

“…Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) have emerged as extraordinary bioactive lipids, exhibiting diverse bioactivities, from the enhancement of insulin secretion and the optimization of blood glucose absorption to anti-inflammatory effects. …”
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Polysaccharides of St. John’s Wort Herb Stimulate NHDF Proliferation and NEHK Differentiation via Influence on Extracellular Structures and Signal Pathways by S. Abakuks, A. M. Deters

“…Polysaccharides of Hp1 induced the keratinocyte differentiation by inhibiting the gene expression of the epidermal growth factor and insulin receptor. While the collagen secretion of fibroblasts was stimulated by each polysaccharide fraction only Hp1 stimulated the synthesis. …”
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Development of the anterior pituitary: diverse lineages of the stem/progenitor cells by Yukio Kato, Takako Kato

“…Differentiation of endocrine cells in the pituitary gland leads to hormone synthesis, secretion into the capillary network, and transportation to target organs. …”
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Central Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Genetic Complexity of a Complex Disease by Marco Marino, Valeria Moriondo, Eleonora Vighi, Elisa Pignatti, Manuela Simoni

“…The genetic mechanisms involve mutations in at least twenty-four genes regulating GnRH neuronal migration, secretion, and activity. So far, the mechanisms underlying CHH, both in prepubertal and in adulthood onset forms, remain unknown in most of the cases. …”
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Nicotine Impairs the Response of Lung Epithelial Cells to IL-22 by Hannah My-Hanh Nguyen, Jaclene Amber Torres, Sudhanshu Agrawal, Anshu Agrawal

“…Results indicate that nicotine inhibited the secretion of IL-22 from T cells in response to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, FICZ. …”
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Genetic, Functional, and Immunological Study of ZnT8 in Diabetes by Qiong Huang, Jie Du, Chengfeng Merriman, Zhicheng Gong

“…Zinc participates in insulin synthesis, storage, and secretion by functioning as a “cellular second messenger” in the insulin signaling pathway and glucose homeostasis. …”
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Vitamin D on the susceptibility of gestational diabetes mellitus: a mini-review by Ting Zhang, Ting Zhang, Lan Yang, Shuman Yang, Song Gao

“…Vitamin D can regulate the course of gestational diabetes, which may be related to regulation of insulin gene transcription, insulin secretion, intracellular and cytosolic calcium balance, inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and alteration of glucose metabolism. …”
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Autoimmunity related to anti-Nax and anti-ZSCAN1 autoantibodies in adipsic hypernatremia by Akari Nakamura-Utsunomiya

“…“Adipsic hypernatremia” is clinically characterized by chronic elevation of plasma [Na+] with an inappropriate lack of thirst and upward resetting of the osmotic set point for arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, combined with a relative deficiency of AVP, thereby resulting in persistent hypernatremia. …”
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Molecular Structure, Membrane Interactions, and Toxicity of the Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Lucie Caillon, Anais R. F. Hoffmann, Alexandra Botz, Lucie Khemtemourian

“…In common with other misfolded and aggregated proteins, amyloid formation involves aggregation of monomers of hIAPP into oligomers, fibrils, and ultimately mature amyloid deposits. hIAPP is coproduced and stored with insulin by the pancreatic islet β-cells and is released in response to the stimuli that lead to insulin secretion. Accumulating evidence suggests that hIAPP amyloid deposits that accompany T2DM are not just an insignificant phenomenon derived from the disease progression but that hIAPP aggregation induces processes that impair the functionality and the viability of β-cells. …”
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Anesthesia Management for Pediatrics with Congenital Heart Diseases Who Undergo Cardiac Catheterization in China by Chun-Mei Xie, Yun-Tai Yao

“…Anesthesia-related complications occurred in 7.41% of the patients and included dysphoria, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, cough, increased respiratory secretion, and airway obstruction. The incidence of procedure-related complications was 12.14%, of which the most common were arrhythmia and hypotension. …”
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The Role of Bitter-Tasting Substances in Salivation and Swallowing: Results of the Pilot Study by Ekaterina Oganesiants, Varuzhan Sarkisyan, Anastasiya Bilyalova, Vasily Isakov, Alla Kochetkova

“…The addition of adenosine monophosphate to solutions of all substances under study resulted in a convergence of the salivary secretion and swallowing profile toward a profile that is characteristic of water. …”
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Impaired Inflammatory Response to LPS in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Lusine Khondkaryan, Sona Margaryan, David Poghosyan, Gayane Manukyan

“…The results showed that monocytes from T2DM were hyporesponsive to LPS challenge as reflected by significantly suppressed secretion of TNFα (p<0.01) and expression of CD11b (p<0.001) and TLR4 (p<0.001) compared to those in monocytes from healthy subjects. …”
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From biological marker to clinical application: the role of anti-Müllerian hormone for delayed puberty and idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia in males by Yuanyuan Zeng, Guicheng Zhao, Yi Zheng, Xiaohui Jiang

“…Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a biomarker secreted by Sertoli cells in the testes, has emerged as a critical indicator of male reproductive function with significant clinical application potential. …”
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