GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF COMPLEMENTATION OF THE FLAMENCO AND PIWI LOCI IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER by F. A. Urusov, L. N. Nefedova, A. R. Lavrenov, N. I. Romanova, A. I. Kim

“…It is believed that the heterochromatic locus flamenco, controlling transposition of retrotransposon/retrovirus gypsy in Drosophila melanogaster, is a source of Piwi-interacting RNA. …”
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Dynamic reprogramming of DNA methylation at an epigenetically sensitive allele in mice. by Marnie E Blewitt, Nicola K Vickaryous, Andras Paldi, Haruhiko Koseki, Emma Whitelaw

“…The A(vy) allele is the result of a retrotransposon insertion upstream of the Agouti gene. …”
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Genetic diversity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants-regenerants produced by anther culture by D. Grauda, K. Žagata, G. Lanka, V. Strazdina, V. Fetere, N. Lisina, N. Krasnevska, O. Fokina, A. Mikelsone, R. Ornicans, I. Belogrudova, I. Rashal

“…Flow cytometry was used to test ploidy of 3×103 cells of each green plantregenerant, and universal retrotransposon based iPBS (inter primer binding sites) method were used to establish genetic diversity of plants-regenerants. …”
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The Regulation and Functions of Endogenous Retrovirus in Embryo Development and Stem Cell Differentiation by Yangquan Xiang, Hongqing Liang

“…Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are repetitive sequences in the genome, belonging to the retrotransposon family. During the course of life, ERVs are associated with multiple aspects of chromatin and transcriptional regulation in development and pathological conditions. …”
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Structural Variation of Element and Human Disease by Songmi Kim, Chun-Sung Cho, Kyudong Han, Jungnam Lee

“…Alu element is a non-autonomous retrotransposon and therefore retrotransposed using L1-enzyme machinery. …”
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Intergenerational transport of double-stranded RNA in C. elegans can limit heritable epigenetic changes by Nathan M Shugarts Devanapally, Aishwarya Sathya, Andrew L Yi, Winnie M Chan, Julia A Marre, Antony M Jose

“…The SDG-1 protein is enriched in perinuclear germ granules required for heritable RNA silencing but is expressed from a retrotransposon targeted by such silencing. This auto-inhibitory loop suggests how retrotransposons could persist by hosting genes that regulate their own silencing.…”
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Viroids and Retrozymes: Plant Circular RNAs Capable of Autonomous Replication by Alexander A. Lezzhov, Anastasia K. Atabekova, Denis A. Chergintsev, Ekaterina A. Lazareva, Andrey G. Solovyev, Sergey Y. Morozov

“…In addition to circRNAs generated by back-splicing, two types of circRNAs capable of autonomous RNA-RNA replication and systemic transport have been described in plants: viroids, which are infectious RNAs that cause a number of plant diseases, and retrozymes, which are transcripts of retrotransposon genomic loci that are capable of circularization due to ribozymes. …”
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RNA polymerase II-mediated rDNA transcription mediates rDNA copy number expansion in Drosophila. by George J Watase, Yukiko M Yamashita

“…This results in the expression of rDNA-specific retrotransposon, R2, which we have shown to facilitate rDNA magnification via generation of DBSs at rDNA. …”
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An appropriate DNA input for bisulfite conversion reveals LINE-1 and Alu hypermethylation in tissues and circulating cell-free DNA from cancers. by Trang Thi Quynh Tran, Tung The Pham, Than Thi Nguyen, Trang Hien Do, Phuong Thi Thu Luu, Uyen Quynh Nguyen, Linh Dieu Vuong, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Son Van Ho, Hang Viet Dao, Tong Van Hoang, Lan Thi Thuong Vo

“…The autonomous and active Long-Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) and the non-autonomous Alu retrotransposon elements, contributing to 30% of the human genome, are the most abundant repeated sequences. …”
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Мutants of inflorescence development in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by N. I. Dzyubenko, E. A. Dzyubenko

“…The mutant generated by retrotransposon insertion mutagenesis and named sgl1-1 has a cauliflower-like phenotype looking just like the cauliflower mutant in alfalfa. …”
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Graph pangenome reveals the regulation of malate content in blood-fleshed peach by NAC transcription factors by Wenbo Chen, Qi Xie, Jia Fu, Shaojia Li, Yanna Shi, Jiao Lu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yingjie Zhao, Ruijuan Ma, Baijun Li, Bo Zhang, Donald Grierson, Mingliang Yu, Zhangjun Fei, Kunsong Chen

“…Pangenome analysis reveals a long terminal repeat retrotransposon insertion in the promoter of the NAC transcription factor (TF) PpBL in blood-fleshed peaches, which enhances PpBL expression. …”
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Targeting of retrovirus-derived Rtl8a/8b causes late-onset obesity, reduced social response and increased apathy-like behaviour by Yoshifumi Fujioka, Hirosuke Shiura, Masayuki Ishii, Ryuichi Ono, Tsutomu Endo, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yoshikazu Hirate, Hikaru Ito, Masami Kanai-Azuma, Takashi Kohda, Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino, Fumitoshi Ishino

“…Retrotransposon Gag-like (RTL) 8A, 8B and 8C are eutherian-specific genes derived from a certain retrovirus. …”
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Template switching during DNA replication is a prevalent source of adaptive gene amplification by Julie N Chuong, Nadav Ben Nun, Ina Suresh, Julia Cano Matthews, Titir De, Grace Avecilla, Farah Abdul-Rahman, Nathan Brandt, Yoav Ram, David Gresham

“…In the absence of local LTRs, homologous recombination can mediate gene amplification following de novo retrotransposon events. Our study reveals that template switching during DNA replication is a prevalent source of adaptive CNVs.…”
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Acquired sperm hypomethylation by gestational arsenic exposure is re-established in both the paternal and maternal genomes of post-epigenetic reprogramming embryos by Keiko Nohara, Takehiro Suzuki, Kazuyuki Okamura, Tomoko Kawai, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi

“…The sperm methylome of arsenic-exposed F1 males exhibited characteristic features, including enrichment of hypomethylated cytosines at the promoters of retrotransposons LINEs and LTRs. Hypomethylation of retrotransposons is potentially detrimental. …”
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Alu Mobile Elements: From Junk DNA to Genomic Gems by Sami Dridi

“…Alus, the short interspersed repeated sequences (SINEs), are retrotransposons that litter the human genomes and have long been considered junk DNA. …”
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Study of Modern Human Evolution via Comparative Analysis with the Neanderthal Genome by Musaddeque Ahmed, Ping Liang

“…Besides briefly discussing the important outcomes of the comparative analyses made so far between modern humans and Neanderthals, we propose that future comparative studies may include retrotransposons, pseudogenes, and conserved non-coding regions, all of which might have played significant roles during the evolution of modern humans.…”
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Polygenic burden of short tandem repeat expansions promotes risk for Alzheimer’s disease by Michael H. Guo, Wan-Ping Lee, Badri Vardarajan, Gerard D. Schellenberg, Jennifer E. Phillips-Cremins

“…AD STR expansions are highly enriched within active promoters in post-mortem hippocampal brain tissues and particularly within SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposons. Together, these results demonstrate that expanded STRs within active promoter regions of the genome associate with risk of AD.…”
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Rad3 decorates critical chromosomal domains with gammaH2A to protect genome integrity during S-Phase in fission yeast. by Sophie Rozenzhak, Eva Mejía-Ramírez, Jessica S Williams, Lana Schaffer, Jennifer A Hammond, Steven R Head, Paul Russell

“…Unexpectedly, gammaH2A marks a diverse array of genomic features during S-phase, including natural replication fork barriers and a fork breakage site, retrotransposons, heterochromatin in the centromeres and telomeres, and ribosomal RNA (rDNA) repeats. gammaH2A formation at the centromeres and telomeres is associated with heterochromatin establishment by Clr4 histone methyltransferase. …”
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IRAP-analysis for evaluating the genetic stability of endemic and endangered species of the Western Caucasus flora in the collection in vitro by I. I. Suprun, V. I. Malyarovskaya, I. V. Stepanov, L. S. Samarina

“…Molecular markers are the most effective tool for characterizing and assessing genetic diversity in plant collections. IRAP (inter-retrotransposons amplified polymorphism) markers have proven to be some of the most effective for characterizing and evaluating germplasm, confirming the genetic fidelity of in vitro preserved cultivars and species. …”
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