AID PROHIBITION AS A TOOL OF THE U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: DE JURE AND DE FACTO by V. I. Bartenev

“…This helps the U.S. government impose restrictions selectively but does not eliminate a hypothetical risk of aid suspension that can refrain a recipient government from certain domestic or external actions. …”
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Clinical outcomes of circumcisions and prevalence of complications of male circumcisions: A five-year retrospective analysis at a teaching hospital in Ghana. by Sylvester Appiah Boakye, Frank Obeng

“…Public health campaigns to dissuade non-surgeon circumcisers to refrain from circumcising children with hypospadias but refer them, are urgently needed.…”
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Urban fruit bats give birth earlier in the season compared to rural fruit bats by Maya Weinberg, Dean Zigdon, Mor Taub, Lee Harten, Ofri Eitan, Adi Rachum, Reut Assa, Omri Gal, Yossi Yovel

“…While most wild species refrain from entering urban habitats, some flourish in cities and adapt to the new opportunities these offer. …”
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The safety and efficacy of neutral electrolyzed water solution for wound irrigation: post-market clinical follow-up study by Veronika Valdová, Vladimíra Štěpánová, Lenka Lapčíková

“…A marked reduction in size was observed in all wound size categories. 19 (8%) patients healed by end of week 6; and 66 (28%) healed by week 9. 130 (55%) patients were considered healed by week 12.DiscussionThe current clinical practice guidelines refrain from recommending any of the available irrigation solutions and wound dressings due to low-quality evidence. …”
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Behavioural Profile Differences Between Cats in Animal-Assisted Services (AAS) and Non-AAS Cats Using the Fe-BARQ in Flanders by Joni Delanoeije, Christel Palmyre Henri Moons, Els Helena Karel Anna Peeters, Patricia Pendry

“…While this study did not allow for assessing explanations for these differences, findings suggest that cats in AAS may be intentionally or unintentionally selected for behavioural traits perceived as desirable for engagement in AAS. While we refrain from drawing conclusions regarding the “suitability” of cats based solely on our findings, our study contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding critical themes around AAS-engaging cats. …”
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Effectiveness of interventions on healthcare professionals’ understanding and use of conscience: a systematic review protocol by Alex Clark, Megan Kennedy, Christina Lamb, Edith Pituskin, Ken Kirkwood, Yolanda Babenko-Mould

“…In the context of morally pluralistic workplaces today, healthcare professionals’ conscience may prompt them to make moral decisions to refrain from providing services they morally disagree with. …”
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A Court’s Right to Moderate Administrative Penalty in Selected Central European Countries by Nikolaj Zakrenicnyj

“…   [1] The article uses the term ‘moderate’ as a verb in situations where a court, as defined in Article 6 paragraph 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights, is by law authorized to reduce the imposed administrative penalty at its discretion or to refrain entirely from imposing a penalty while reviewing an administrative decision. …”
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Combined Use of Excimer Laser and High-Speed Rotational Atherectomy to Overcome a Severely Calcified Lesion in Endovascular Therapy by Keisuke Nakabayashi, Shinya Hata, Nobuhito Kaneko, Akihiro Matsui, Kazuhiko Tanaka, Hiroshi Ando, Minoru Shimizu

“…Therefore, we have to refrain from frequent use of this strategy; however, this method provides an option for severely calcified lesions.…”
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Relation to Reproductive Health Among Young Albanian Women by Alketa Zazo, Eliona Kulluri, Enxhi Vrapi

“… OBJECTIVE: National and international health policies focus on improving the sexual and reproductive health among women, therefore, understanding the factors that motivate or refrain women from accessing reproductive health services is central to those policies. …”
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What made people (more) positive toward the COVID-19 vaccine? Exploring positive and negative deviance perspectives by Mitchell A. M. Matthijssen, Mariëlle Cloin, Florian van Leeuwen, Ien van de Goor, Peter Achterberg

“…This study aims to explore why individuals choose to be vaccinated against COVID-19, despite holding opposing beliefs and worldviews, or refrain from doing so, when their beliefs align with vaccination. …”
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Effects of Teenage Motherhood and The Social Welfare of Victims in Kisoro District. by Natukunda, Jowel

“…Sensitization should also be done by the district education office in conjunction with other local actors in schools and communities to disabuse the minds of people to refrain from stigmatizing teenage mothers who re-enter school.…”
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Udmurdi hällilaul: veel kord esmaallika probleemist by Irina Nurieva

“…Gerd published this verse several times under the authorship of Vereshchagin, adding the refrain “Iz, iz, nunye, zarni bugore!” (Sleep, sleep, my child, golden ball!) …”
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Impact of Perioperative Blood Transfusion on Postoperative Complications and Prognosis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients with Different Preoperative Hemoglobin Value by Lian Xue, Xiao-Long Chen, Zhang Wei-Han, Kun Yang, Xin-Zu Chen, Bo Zhang, Zhi-Xin Chen, Jia-Ping Chen, Zong-Guang Zhou, Jian-Kun Hu

“…Perioperative blood transfusion might lead to poor survival in gastric adenocarcinoma patients with POHb >100 g/L and transfused patients had more postoperative complications; thus it is better to refrain from unnecessary perioperative blood transfusion especially intraoperative transfusion.…”
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Emotion regulation-based internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for premenstrual dysphoric disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Sweden by Filipa Sampaio, Alkistis Skalkidou, Gerhard Andersson, Cornelia Weise, Johanna M. Hoppe, Maria Kleinstaeuber, Johan Vegelius, Erika Comasco, Maria Gröndal, Elisavet Kaltsouni, Felicia Sundström, Monica Buhrman

“…Pharmacological interventions exist, but many patients with PMDD experience residual symptoms, discontinue medications or refrain from them due to side effects. Thus, non-pharmacological treatments are needed as an alternative or additive treatment strategy. …”
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Effects of Corporal Punishments on Pupils Learning of English in Selected Primary Schools in Kyanamira Sub-County Kabale District Western Uganda. by Tumwijukye, Wencesilous

“…The majority of respondents (51%) who agreed that corporal punishment to be used in primary schools came with the grounds that corporal punishment acted as a catalyst for motivating learners to study by themselves, enhance learners to close their studies, refrain learners from issues that break school laws as well as maintaining punctuality among learners. …”
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Entre espaces domestiques et « espaces domestiqués » : « L’autonomisation intime » des étudiantes en Turquie by Tuğba Gökduman

“…The article concludes that the rules of these spaces do not refrain women to search for ways leading to sexual emancipation. …”
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‘Do they care?’: a qualitative examination of patient perspectives on primary care clinician communication related to opioids in the USA by Leif I Solberg, Katrina M Romagnoli, Anthony W Olson, Andrei Bucaloiu, Clayton I Allen, Lorraine D Tusing, Hillary A Henzler-Buckingham, Christina M Gregor, Laura A Freitag, Stephanie A Hooker, Rebecca C Rossom, Eric A Wright, Irina V Haller

“…Participants best fitting archetypes 1–4 preferred clinicians to refrain from using addiction terminology to describe their relationship with opioids, finding the term ‘dependence’ as more appropriate and a signal that clinicians cared for patients. …”
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Tax on Vacant Houses and Housing Price Bubble in Shiraz by Sara Parang, zahra dehghan shabani, Ebrahim Hadian, Ali Asgary

“…Speculators, motivated by the desire to profit from future price increases, refrain from offering their houses for sale, resulting in a housing vacancy. …”
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Changes in alcohol consumption among Belgian adults participating in the internet-based one-month-abstinence campaign ‘Tournée Minérale’ by Annelies Thienpondt, Jelle Van Cauwenberg, Joris Van Damme, Gera E. Nagelhout, Benedicte Deforche

“…In addition, moderating effects of age, sex, education level, successfully refraining from alcohol during TMC, risk drinking, drinking levels and binge drinking were investigated. …”
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A Comparative Study of Mulla Sadra and Plantinga’s Views on the Issue of Evil by Masoumeh Ameri, Farida Rezaei

“…Plantinga’s response focuses more on moral evils and only addresses the issue of moral evils, whereas Mulla Sadra’s answer includes both moral and natural evils.In response to Plantinga’s defense, it is argued that if God knew that by creating humans, they would commit evil acts to such an extent voluntarily, it might have been better to refrain from creating humans. To address this inconsistency, we have no choice but to go beyond the free will defense and rely on a defense based on the purpose and wisdom of human creation. …”
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