The “golden age” of Russian serfdom by O. Yu. Yakhshiyan

“…The proprietary (proprietorial) interest of the landed gentry in relation to the local lands and peasants received a previously unthinkable impulse due to Peter’s elevation of the status of estates to patrimonial, as well as the erasure of the legal boundary between serfs and peasants by turning both into “audit souls” during the tax reform. Already in the last years of Peter the Great’s reign, the authorities were inclined to identify the right of landlords to peasants with the right to immovable property in the context of the evolution of serfdom in Russia. …”
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Regional Autonomy System: Delegation of Authority and Power of Regional Government in Indonesia in the Study of Fiqh Siyasah by Muhammad Mutawalli Mukhlis, Maskun Maskun, Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin, Jamal Aslan, Hariyanto Hariyanto, Hotlan Samosir

“…Islamic law does not have specific rules regarding regional autonomy, and this concept emerged during the reform era to promote justice and prosperity. However, Islam still acknowledges the concept of baldatun thayyibatun, which is based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet.…”
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Kriminalpolitik - straffrättspolitik by Tapio Lappi-Seppälä

“…This paper discusses of the strengths and weaknesses of the long-term Finnish crime policy and the reform ideology of the 1970s. These ideas were crystallized in slogans such as "crime policy is an inseparable part of general social development policy" and "good social development policy is the best crime policy". …”
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Pedagogical Experiment and Modeling of the Learning Process for Assessing Knowledge about the Criteria Assessment System by Sagyngali Kalkashev, Gaisin Ilgizar, Bakhadurkhan Abdimanapov, Nurbol Ussenov, Aliya Ayapbekova, Kuralai Khamitova

“… This article addresses the need for criterion-based evaluation in educational reform, focusing on the goals and tasks of planning in the updated educational system. …”
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Community mental health funding, stakeholder engagement and outcomes: a realist synthesis by Walter P Wodchis, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Katie N Dainty, Maritt Kirst, Andrea Duncan

“…Objectives This study sought to understand how stakeholder engagement impacts outcomes when there is a change in public funding within community mental health settings.Design A realist synthesis approach was used to address the research question to fully understand the role of stakeholder engagement as a mechanism in achieving outcomes (system and service user) in the context of community mental health service reform. An iterative process was used to identify programme theories and context–mechanism–outcome configurations within the literature.Results Findings highlight that in the absence of stakeholder engagement, funding changes may lead to negative outcomes. …”
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Digitalised Welfare-to-work program in Indonesia: A Prelimenary Study of The Pre-Employment Card (PECP) and Job-Loss Insurances (JLI) Programs by Fadillah Putra, Anwar Sanusi

“…This study examines the implementation of Welfare-to-Work (WTW) reform in Indonesia through an examination of the Pre-Employment Card Program (PECP) and Job-Loss Insurance (JLI) on unemployment figures. …”
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Comparative Evaluation of Socioscientific Issues in Secondary Physics Curriculum and Textbooks by Sevim Bezen

“…In this context, this study determined that the current education reform is incompletely reflected in the textbooks. …”
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Critical thinking and suggestions on C-V2X with the developments of intelligent connected vehicles by Shanzhi CHEN

“…C-V2X (cellular vehicle-to-everything) is the international standards dominated by China’s enterprises for V2X wireless communications.Based on a brief review of C-V2X, it was indicated that C-V2X could provide capabilities such as low-latency and high-reliability for communications between vehicles and the surrounding traffic elements.C-V2X has demonstrated an obvious surpassing international technological trend and industrial competitions because of technical advantages.The related concepts of V2X, the relationship between 5G and C-V2X, the relationship between V2X and vehicle-infrastructure cooperation, the relationship between V2X and self-driving vehicles as well as the relationship between individual vehicle with intelligence and connected vehicles with cooperative intelligence, were clearly clarified.The insights about the development of C-V2X and intelligent connected vehicles (ICV) were presented.Facing the great strategic opportunities of global automobile industry revolution and China’s transportation industry reform, the innovative development mode of vehicle-infrastructure-cloud cooperation based on “5G+C-V2X” was proposed accordingly.Finally, the industrial progresses and problems were discussed with corresponding policy suggestions.…”
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Analysis of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in the Greater Bay Area Based on Index Probability Distribution by CHEN Juan, WANG Sen

“…The Greater Bay Area is the forefront of China’s reform and opening up and the important engine of economic growth.Water resources have become a key factor driving or restricting the sustainable economic development of the Greater Bay Area.Taking the Greater Bay Area as the research object,this paper constructs a three-level index system of water resources carrying capacity based on two subsystems of water resources environment and economic society.It also proposes an analysis model of water resources carrying capacity based on index probability distribution.The comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in nine cities of the Greater Bay Area is carried out by combining the coupling coordination degree and the index probability distribution,which are mutually verified.The results show that the comprehensive value of water resources carrying capacity in Greater Bay Area mostly in grade III. …”
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Stanisław Bednarski SJ and prof. Stanisław Kot: pupil and master by Stanisław Cieślak SJ

“…In 1933, as a result of Jędrzejewicz reform, the Chair of Cultural History headed by him was abolished. …”
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La réflexivité infirmière en formation, entre injonction et allant-de-soi by Catherine Aubouin, Gilles Monceau

“…In France, a reengineering of nursing studies took place in 2009. This reform accompanies an overall evolution of the profession and has profoundly transformed the training system. …”
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The effect of perceived employability on the job search behavior of unemployed youths: the mediating role of job search self-efficacy by Yohannes Bisa Biramo, Bereket Merkine Gebresilase, Zebdewos Zekarias Elka, Endale Berhanu Demissie

“…A sample of 300 (213 Males) unemployed youths from 6 Wolaita, Ethiopia reform towns were included. Additionally, 4 (2 Males) government workers from the youth association and social affairs office were purposefully selected for interview. …”
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ISSUES OF DIVISION OF POWERS BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ITS SUBJECTS IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS by Roman V. Zelepukin, Anna V. Lipuntsova

“…Among them there are changes in the conditions for the development of physical culture and sport, as well as the restructuring of executive bodies in the regions in the context of the reform of public authority. The subject of the research is regulatory legal acts that establish and disclose the powers of authorities and other subjects in the context of the analyzed relations at the federal level and at the level of subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as the activities of authorized public authorities in this sphere. …”
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The Mechanism of Safety Culture Construction in Chinese Universities Based on POI Data and Gravity Model by Wu Zhao, Zhe Zhou, Haibo Jiang

“…Strengthening the construction of safety culture in colleges and universities is not only the objective need of building a harmonious society, promoting the reform and development of colleges and universities, and running a university with the satisfaction of the people but also the urgent requirement of cultivating high-quality professionals with safety responsibility consciousness and safety behavior ability. …”
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Negotiating National Equality in the Austrian Silesian Diet 1905-1914 by Paula Krajnik

“…The Viennese central government rejected two electoral reform drafts for their lack of measures to solve the national conflicts; further drafts never materialized. …”
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Brak zwrotu opłaty sądowej jako przeszkoda do zawierania ugody pozasądowej by Karolina Kasprzak

“…Pomimo wzrastającego nacisku na przeprowadzenie reform, które nakłonią petentów do rozwiązywania sporów w drodze mediacji czy też ugody przed sądem, nowelizacji wymagają także unormowania dotyczące polubownego załatwienia sprawy na mocy ugody pozasądowej, kiedy spór już zawisł przed sądem, w szczególności w ustawie z dnia 28 lipca 2005 r. o kosztach sądowych w sprawach cywilnych (Ustawa, 2005). …”
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L’intégration d’étrangers dans la santería et le culte d’Ifá à La Havane by Emma Gobin

“…In particular, the paper argues that the bonds Cuban priests establish with foreigners—through ritual kinship or through increasingly numerous ceremonial collaborations with initiates from abroad—constitute an additional component in the micro-conflicts that ordinarily pervade religious practice and can, on a larger scale, have an influence on the power relations that create oppositions between different ‘elite’ groups (some of them deeply committed to projects of ritual ‘reform’). While adopting a predominantly micro-political interpretation, the paper also considers the ritual implications of these dynamics.…”
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Al-Manâr de 1925 à 1935 : la dernière décennie d'un engagement intellectuel by Nadia Elissa-Mondeguer

“…The last ten years of the publication of al-Manâr, the journal par excellence of Muslim reformism, attests to the participation of the journal in the intense intellectual life in the Middle East during the interwar period. …”
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Effective Contract in Higher Education: Intentions and Outcomes by M. V. Kurbatova, I. V. Donova

“…The issue of the academic contract in the Russian higher education is associated with the salary systems reform in social sector and scientific field according to the adoption of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from May 7, 2012 No. 597 “On Measures for the Implementation of the State Social Policy”. …”
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The Effect of Students’ Trust in Instructors on Students’ Class Participation and School Engagement: Example of Faculty of Sports Sciences by Çetin Işık, Ali Erdoğan, Hatice Deveci Şirin, Erkan Faruk Şirin

“…Trust in instructors is one of the most important variables affecting university reform and students' college life. The research focused on the trust in the instructors which is considered to have an influence on class participation and school engagement. …”
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